I-Humboldt penguin (iSpheniscus humboldti) ingeyomndeni wama-penguin, ukuhleleka okufana nepenguin.
Ukusatshalaliswa kweHumboldt Penguin.
Ama-Humboldt penguin atholakala ezindaweni ezingaphansi kogu lolwandle iPacific lwaseChile nasePeru. Ibanga labo lokusabalalisa lisuka e-Isla Foca enyakatho liye eziQhingini zasePunihuil eningizimu.
Indawo yokuhlala ye-Humboldt penguin.
Ama-Humboldt penguin achitha isikhathi sabo esiningi emanzini asogwini. Isikhathi sesikhathi amaphengwini asichitha emanzini ancike esikhathini sokuzalisa. Ama-penguin angenazidleke abhukuda isilinganiso samahora angama-60.0 emanzini ngaphambi kokubuyela emhlabeni, okuyisikhathi esiphakeme samahora ayi-163.3 alolo hambo. Ngesikhathi sokufukamela, izinyoni zichitha isikhathi esincane emanzini, ngokwesilinganiso amahora angama-22.4, amahora angama-35.3 aphezulu. Njengezinye izinhlobo zama-penguin, ama-Humboldt penguin aphumula, azale futhi ondle inzalo ogwini. Ugu lolwandle olusePacific eNingizimu Melika ngokuvamile lunamadwala amaningi ane-guano enkulu. Ezindaweni ezinjalo isidleke samaphengwini weHumboldt. Kodwa kwesinye isikhathi basebenzisa imihume ngasogwini.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-Humboldt penguin.
Ama-Humboldt penguin yizinyoni ezinesilinganiso esiphakathi nendawo, kusuka ku-66 kuye ku-70 cm ubude futhi enesisindo esingu-4 kuye ku-5 kg. Ngemuva, izimpaphe zinezimpaphe ezimnyama ngokunsundu, esifubeni kunezimpaphe ezimhlophe. Ikhanda liyikhanda elimnyama elinemigqa emhlophe ngaphansi kwamehlo egijima ngapha nangapha kwekhanda bese ijoyina esilevini ukwakha ijika elifana nehhashi.
Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo wumugqa obonakalayo, omnyama onqamule isifuba, okuyisici esibalulekile esihlukanisa lolu hlobo, futhi kusiza ukuhlukanisa lolu hlobo kusuka kuma-penguin aseMagellanic (Spheniscus magellanicus). Umugqa oqinile esifubeni uphinde usize ukuhlukanisa izinyoni ezindala kumaphengwini amancane, nawo anesihloko esimnyama ngaphezulu.
Ukuzalela nokuzalanisa ama-Humboldt penguin.
Ama-Humboldt penguin yizinyoni ezizodwa. Eyesilisa iqapha ngokuqinile indawo yokwakha izidleke futhi ihlasela imbangi lapho kunokwenzeka. Kulokhu, umhlaseli uvame ukuthola ukulimala kanzima okungahambisani nempilo.
Ama-Humboldt penguin angazala cishe unyaka wonke ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezivumayo esifundeni ahlala kuso. Ukuzalela kwenzeka ngoMashi kuya kuDisemba, ngamanani aphezulu ngo-Ephreli nango-Agasti-Septhemba. Ama-penguin molt ngaphambi kokuzala.
Ngesikhathi se-molting, ama-penguin ahlala emhlabeni futhi alamba cishe amasonto amabili. Bese beya olwandle ukuyokondla, bese bebuya bezala.
Ama-Humboldt penguin athola izindawo zokwakha izidleke ezivikelekile emisebeni yelanga enamandla nakwezinye izidalwa zasemhlabeni. Ama-penguin avame ukusebenzisa ama-guano deposits asogwini lolwandle, lapho ehlala khona. Emigodini, zizalela amaqanda futhi zizizwe ziphephe ngokuphelele ngaphakathi. Iqanda elilodwa noma amabili ngebhande ngalinye. Ngemuva kokubekwa kwamaqanda, owesilisa nowesifazane babelana ngomthwalo wokuba khona esidlekeni ngesikhathi sokufukamela. Lapho amaphuphu esevele echanyuselwe, abazali babelana ngomthwalo wokukhulisa inzalo. Izinyoni ezindala kufanele zinikeze ukudla okwanele ngezikhathi ezifanele ukuze inzalo iphile. Ngakho-ke, kunokulinganisela okuthile phakathi kokunyakaza okufushane ukondla amaphuphu kanye nokude kokuphaka. Ama-penguin enza ama-dive amafushane, angajulile ukondla amaphuphu awo emini. Ngemuva kokuncibilika, ama-penguin amancane azimela ngokuphelele aphume aye olwandle eyedwa. Ama-Humboldt penguin aphila iminyaka eyi-15 kuya kwengu-20.
Izici zokuziphatha kwamaphengwini weHumboldt.
AmaHumboldt Penguins ajwayele ukuncibilika ngoJanuwari. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi le nqubo ingaphansi kokulawulwa kwamahomoni e-thyroid ngasikhathi sinye, ngalesi sikhathi, ama-hormone ezocansi e-steroid anokuhlushwa okuphansi kakhulu. I-molting ibalulekile ngoba izimpaphe ezintsha zigcina zifudumele kangcono futhi zigcina amanzi engekho.
Ama-penguin molt ngokushesha okukhulu, kungakapheli amasonto amabili, futhi kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho angondla khona emanzini.
Ama-Humboldt penguin azwela kakhulu ebukhoneni bomuntu. Ukuzala kuphazamiseka ezindaweni lapho izivakashi zivela khona. Ngokumangazayo, nokushaya kwenhliziyo kwama-Humboldt penguin kukhule kakhulu ngokuba khona komuntu ebangeni elifinyelela kumamitha ayi-150, futhi kuthatha imizuzu engama-30 ukubuyisela ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwesijwayelekile.
AmaHumboldt Penguin ahlala emakoloni amakhulu futhi ayizinyoni zomphakathi ngaphandle kwezikhathi zokudla.
Ama-penguin angahlali esidlekeni ahle ekuhloleni izindawo ezahlukahlukene futhi abhukude kude kakhulu nekoloni ukuze ondle ngaphandle kokubuya isikhathi eside.
Ama-penguin ondla amaphuphu awo akuvamile ukuthi ahambe ubusuku bonke eyokondla futhi athanda ukuchitha isikhathi esincane emanzini.
Ukuqapha i-satellite, okulandela umkhondo wokuhamba kwama-Humboldt penguin, kutholakale izinyoni ebangeni elingu-35 km ukusuka koloni, kanti abanye abantu babhukuda kakhulu futhi bagcina ibanga elingaba amakhilomitha ayi-100.
Lawa mabanga akhula kakhulu lapho ama-penguin eshiya izindawo zawo zokwakha futhi ayofuna ukudla, enyuka aze afike kumakhilomitha angama-895 ukusuka ogwini. Le miphumela iphikisana nombono owamukelwa ngaphambilini wokuthi ama-Humboldt penguin ahlala kakhulu futhi adla endaweni eyodwa unyaka wonke.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva ngama-Humboldt penguin lukhombisile ukuthi lezi zinyoni zinomuzwa ojulile wokuhogela. Bakhomba amaphuphu abo ngephunga, futhi bathola nomgodi wabo ebusuku ngephunga.
Ama-penguin awanakuthola inyamazane ezimweni zokukhanya okuphansi. Kepha angabona kahle ngokulinganayo emoyeni nasemanzini.
Ukondla i-Humboldt penguin.
AmaHumboldt Penguin agxile ekondleni izinhlanzi ze-pelagic. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho zebanga eliseduze neChile, zondla cishe kuphela i-garfish, engxenyeni emaphakathi yeChile babamba ama-anchovies amakhulu, ama-sardine nama-squid. Umehluko ekwakhiweni kokudla kunqunywa yizici zezindawo zokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Humboldt penguins idla i-herring ne-atherina.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kwephengwini leHumboldt.
Ama-Humboldt penguin afaka isandla ekwakhiweni kwamadiphozithi e-guano, okuyinto ebonakalayo yokuvundisa futhi enzela uhulumeni wasePeru imali engenayo enkulu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ama-Humboldt penguin asephenduke into yokuvakasha kwezemvelo, kodwa lezi zinyoni zinamahloni futhi azikwazi ukumela abantu abaseduze. Ngo-2010, kwasungulwa imithetho yokunciphisa isiphazamiso phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa, kepha ngenkathi kugcinwa umsebenzi wabavakashi ngezikhathi ezithile.
Izici ezinkulu ezinomthelela ekwehleni kwenani labantu baseHumboldt penguin ukudoba nokuvezwa kwabantu. Ama-penguin avame ukubambeka emanetheni okudoba futhi afe, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kokudoba kunciphisa ukutholakala kokudla. Ukuvuna uguano kuthinta nempumelelo yokuzalanisa ama-penguin.
