I-cormorant yase-China (i-Deinagkistrodon acutus) ingeye-oda elibi.
Ukusabalala kwesifonyo seChina.
Umlomo waseChina usakazeke eningizimu-mpumalanga yeChina ezifundazweni zase-Anhui, Chekiang, Fukien, Hunan, Hupeh, Kiangsi, Kwangsi, Kwantun, emaphethelweni aseningizimu-mpumalanga yeSichuan, futhi mhlawumbe naseYunnan. Lezi zinhlobo zitholakala naseNyakatho yeVietnam, ePhakathi naseningizimu yeTaiwan.
Izindawo zeShitomordnik yamaShayina.
Amabhu amaShayina akhetha izindawo ezinomswakama, ezinomthunzi, ezenzeka emahlathini asezintabeni nasezintabeni ezingafika kumamitha ayi-1200, kepha aqoshwe ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingafika kumamitha ayi-1400. Atholakala phakathi kwamatshe, ezimileni ngasemifudlaneni ezigodini, nasezindlini zabantu, lapho acasha khona ezindaweni ezimnyama efuna amagundane.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zeShitomordnik yamaShayina.
Ubude bomzimba wenyoka yaseChina buyehluka kusuka ku-0.91 kuye ku-1.21 m, isifanekiso esikhulu kunazo zonke sasingu-1.545 m ubude.Yinyoka enkulu impela enomzimba ominyene, kodwa incane kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi zohlobo lwe-Agkistrodon. Inyoka yentambo yaseChina ine-convex, ingaphambili lomzimba eliphakanyisiwe kancane.
Ohlangothini ngalunye lwekhanda, ku-fossa phakathi kwamakhala neso, kunesitho esizwela ukushisa. Ngayo, inyoka izwa ukushisa kwemisebe yobude obuthile be-wavelength, futhi ibuye inqume ubukhona bezilwane ezidlayo. Iphethini yamabhangqa ayi-15 kuya kwangu-23 onxantathu abakhulu abamnyama ihamba emzimbeni. Umbala oyinhloko we-integument ungwevu noma nsundu. Isisu simhlophe futhi sinamabala amnyama ompunga namnyama ahluka ngosayizi nokumila. Izinyoka ezindala zaseChina zinombala omnyama kunezinyoka ezincane, ezinemisila ephuzi kuze kube yilapho sezikhulile. Umbala wenyoka ufana ngokumangazayo nohlelo lombala lwenyoka enekhanda lethusi. Izici ezihlukile ezihlukanisayo yimpumulo, umzimba omnyama onephethini engunxantathu ehlelekile, nezikali ezinamaqhuqhuva kakhulu, ezinesikali. Abesilisa banemisila emide, kanti abesifazane banobude obude bomzimba.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kweShitomordnik yamaShayina.
Kunolwazi oluncane mayelana nokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Chinese shitomordnikov. Ukukhwelana kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezisukela kuMashi kuya kuMeyi futhi kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuNovemba. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa baphishekela abesifazane, befuna umlingani, basebenzisa imizwa yabo yokuhogela.
Ukuba khona kowesifazane kunqunywa iphunga lama-pheromones alikhiphayo.
Lapho ukukhwelana, izinyoka zihlanganisa imizimba, imisila yazo iyahlangana futhi idlidlize ngokuqhubekayo. Ukukhwelana amahora amabili kuya kwayisithupha. Izinsikazi zithwala inzalo izinsuku ezingama-20 kuye kwezingu-35; zizala zinezinyanga ezingama-36. Amabhu amaShayina yizinhlobo ze-oviparous, ngemvuthu kusuka emaqanda ayi-5 kuye kwangama-32, ngokwesilinganiso 20. Ukushisa okuphelele kwe-incubation kuyahluka kusuka ku-22.6 C kuya ku-36.5 C, ngokwesilinganiso esingu-27.6 C. Ngesikhathi sokufukamela, insikazi isonga umzimba wayo uzungeze amaqanda futhi ivikele ibamba cishe izinsuku ezingama-20. emva kwalokho kuvela izinyoka ezincane emaqandeni azo futhi ngokushesha zizimele ngokuphelele ekunakekelweni ngabazali. Cishe zingama-21 cm ubude futhi zinesisindo esiphakathi kuka-6 no-14.5 amagremu. I-molt yokuqala ivame ukwenzeka ezinsukwini eziyishumi ngemuva kokuvela. Inani lama-molts ngonyaka livame ukuba mathathu noma amane, kepha lingahle lifike kwabahlanu, kuya ngobuningi bokudla nezimo zemvelo.
Ngokwemvelo, ubude besikhathi sokuphila sezinyoka ezingamaShayina bulinganiselwa eminyakeni engama-20, kanti inyoka endala ekuthunjweni yaphila iminyaka eyi-16 nezinyanga ezintathu.
Ukuziphatha komlomo waseChina.
Izinyoka zaseChina ziyizinyoka ezihlala phansi, ziyacasuka kalula futhi zingahlasela ngaphandle kwesixwayiso lapho zithukile noma zicasuliwe. Ebusika, bahlala emigodini elahliwe yezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane.
Izindawo zokukhosela zisekuphakameni kwamamitha angama-300 nangaphezulu, endaweni eyomile evikelwe emoyeni naselangeni, njalo kunomthombo wamanzi eduze.
Ezindaweni ezinjalo, akushisi kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhu amaShayina kwesinye isikhathi ayabhukuda esimweni sezulu esipholile. Izinga eliphakeme lomsebenzi wezinyoka lihlotshaniswa nesimo sezulu esinamafu nemvula, ngenkathi yesishingishane, umsebenzi wehla kakhulu. Izinyoka zaseChina zisebenza emazingeni okushisa kusuka ku-10 C kuya ku-32 C, ibanga lokushisa elilungile lisukela ku-17 C kuye ku-30 C. Izinyoka ziyizilwane ezizingelayo futhi zizingela ebusuku noma kusihlwa. Ngendlela yokuzingela, yizilwane ezidla ezinye - abaqamekeli, futhi bahlasele isisulu sabo ukuze bangasebenzi. Ekuthunjweni, izinyoka ezigoqwe ngokuvuthwa emini, futhi ziveza ikhanda lazo kuphela kumakhoyili asontekile. I-shtomordniki yamaShayina ibona ubude obuthile bemisebe ye-infrared. Izitho zomgodi zizwa ukushisa okuvela ezilwaneni noma ezilwaneni. Ama-Receptor awazweli ngokuphelele ezintweni ezithintekayo, kepha amasiginali abukwayo nalawo we-infrared asiza ukuthola amagundane amancane ngokushesha futhi kalula, ikakhulukazi ebumnyameni. Njengezinye izinyoka nezinye izibankwa eziningi, ulimi lusetshenziswa izinyoka ezinamakhala abukhali ukuze zizwisise.
Ukudla okunomsoco kweShitomordnik yamaShayina.
Amabhu amaShayina ayizilwane ezidla inyama. Ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko yizibankwa, izinyoni, amagundane, amaxoxo namasele. Ngemuva kwesidlo esikhulu, izinyoka zingahlala zinganyakazi usuku lonke.
Indima ye-ecosystem yemace yaseChina.
Izinkawu zesiShayina zivikela amagundane amancane, ngakho-ke zilawula inani lezilokazane ezithile zezolimo kulo lonke uhla.
Okusho umuntu.
Amabhu amaShayina anenani lokuhweba nelokwelapha eChina. Ubuthi balezi zinyoka busetshenziswe emithini yendabuko amakhulu eminyaka ukwelapha isifo samathambo nobuhlungu bamalunga namathambo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-toxin yabo iyingxenye yemithi ye-hemostatic ne-thrombolytic, esetshenziswa kabanzi ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi okuyingozi kubantu ngemuva kokushaywa unhlangothi.
I-shitomordniki yaseShayina, engena ezindlini ifuna amagundane, iyingozi, ukuluma kwabo kuyabulala abantu.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kwenyoka yamaShayina.
AmaShitomordniki amaShayina awekho ohlwini olubomvu lwe-IUCN. E-China, lolu hlobo lwenyoka lunesimo "esisengozini". Amanani anciphile ngenxa yokudoba ngokweqile kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwendawo. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokuzalisa abathunjiwe luyaqhubeka eChina ukunciphisa imiphumela yokubanjwa kwezinyoka kubantu bemvelo.
Inyoka yamaShayina yinyoka enobuthi.
Ubuthi bemacezi yaseChina bune-neurotoxin enamandla. Amazinyo amakhulu, axhumene nawo aguqulelwa ukungena ngempumelelo kobuthi obuningi. Izimpawu ezisheshayo zokulunywa ubuhlungu obukhulu bendawo nokopha. Izakhi eziningana zobuhlungu zidala ukulimala kwezicubu zasendaweni kanye nezimpawu zokopha ngokushesha.
Lezi zimpawu zihambisana ne-edema, blistering, necrosis kanye nezilonda, futhi isimo somzimba jikelele siba sibi kakhulu.
Abaphenyi bakwazi ukwenza i-antidote ephumelelayo, iyasebenza uma yethulwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokulunywa.
