Ihansi laseHawaii (Branta sandvicensis) lingele-oda i-Anseriformes. Unguphawu lwesifundazwe saseHawaii.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zehansi laseHawaii
Ihansi laseHawaii linosayizi womzimba ongamasentimitha angama-71. Isisindo: kusuka ku-1525 kuya ku-3050 amagremu.
Izici zangaphandle zowesilisa nowesifazane zicishe zifane. Isilevu, izinhlangothi zekhanda ngemuva kwamehlo, umqhele nangemuva kwentamo kumbozwe izimpaphe ezimnyama nsundu. Umugqa ugijima ezinhlangothini zekhanda, ngaphambili nangasemaceleni entamo. Ikhola elimnyama elimnyama elimnyama litholakala phansi entanyeni.
Zonke izimpaphe ezingenhla, isifuba kanye nohlangothi zinombala onsundu, kepha ezingeni lama-scapulaires no-sidewall, anombala omnyama ngokugqamile okukhanyayo okuphuzi ngendlela yomugqa oguqukayo phezulu. Isigaxa nomsila kumnyama, isisu kanye nomngcwabo kumhlophe. Izimpaphe zokumboza zephiko zinsundu, izimpaphe zomsila zimnyama. Izinto zangaphansi nazo zinsundu.
Amahansi amancane awahlukile kakhulu kubantu abadala ngombala wekhava yawo yezimpaphe, kodwa anezimpaphe ezifiphele.
Ikhanda nentamo kumnyama ngombala onsundu. Izimpaphe nge-motif encane enesikhumba. Ngemuva kwe-molt yokuqala, amahansi amancane aseHawaii athatha umbala wezimpaphe zabantu abadala.
Isikweletu nemilenze kumnyama, i-iris imnyama nsundu. Iminwe yabo ine-webbing encane. Ihansi laseHawaii liyinyoni ebekelwe eceleni, enomsindo omncane kakhulu kunamanye amahansi amaningi. Ukukhala kwayo kuzwakala kungathi sína futhi kudabukisa; ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, kunamandla amakhulu futhi kuyingozi.
Indawo yokuhlala ihansi laseHawaii
Ihansi laseHawaii lihlala emithambekeni yezintaba-mlilo zezinye zezintaba zeziQhingi zaseHawaii, phakathi kwamamitha ayi-1525 kuya kwangu-2440 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Ubonga ikakhulukazi imithambeka egcwele uhlaza oluncane. Futhi kutholakala emahlathini, ezimfundeni nasezindunduma ezisogwini. Le nyoni iheheka kakhulu ezindaweni ezithonywe ngabantu ezifana namadlelo kanye nezinkundla zegalofu. Abanye abantu bahamba phakathi kwezindawo zabo zokwakha ezisezindaweni eziphansi nezindawo zabo zokudla, okuvame ukuba sezintabeni.
Ukusabalalisa ihansi laseHawaii
I-Goose yaseHawaii iyinhlobo yezinhlobo ezivamile zeziQhingi zaseHawaii. Isatshalaliswa esiqhingini ngasethambekeni eliyinhloko leMauna Loa, iHualalai neMauna Kea, kepha futhi ngamanani amancane esiqhingini saseMaui, lolu hlobo lwethulwa nasesiqhingini saseMolok.
Izici zokuziphatha kwehansi laseHawaii
Amahansi aseHawaii ahlala emindenini unyaka wonke. Kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba, izinyoni ziyahlangana zichithe ubusika. NgoSepthemba, lapho imibhangqwana ilungiselela ukwakha isidleke, imihlambi iyahlukana.
Lezi zinhlobo zezinyoni zodwa. Ukukhwelana kwenzeka phansi. Insikazi ikhetha indawo yokwakha isidleke. Amahansi aseHawaii iningi lezinyoni ezihlala phansi. Iminwe yabo ifakwe ulwelwesi olungakakhuli kakhulu, ngakho-ke izitho zijwayele indlela yokuphila yasemhlabeni futhi zisize ekufuneni ukudla kwezitshalo phakathi kwamatshe nokwakheka kwentaba-mlilo. Njengezinhlobo eziningi ze-oda, ama-Anseriformes ngesikhathi se-molting, amahansi aseHawaii awakwazi ukugibela iphiko, ngoba isembozo sazo sezimpaphe sivuselelwa, ngakho-ke acasha ezindaweni ezifihlekile.
Ukuzalela Ihansi YaseHawaii
Amahansi aseHawaii akha ama-pair angapheli. Ukuziphatha komshado kuyinkimbinkimbi. Owesilisa uheha insikazi ngokuphendulela umlomo wakhe kuye futhi akhombise izingxenye ezimhlophe zomsila. Lapho owesifazane esenqotshiwe, bobabili abalingani babonisa imashi yokunqoba, lapho owesilisa ehola khona owesifazane kude nezimbangi zakhe. Umbukiso wokukhonjiswa ulandelwa umkhuba ongaphansi kakhulu lapho bobabili abalingani bebingelelana khona amakhanda abo ekhotheme phansi. Izinyoni ezimbili eziphumayo zikhalela ukukhala kokunqoba, kuyilapho insikazi ishaya amaphiko ayo, kuthi owesilisa abhabhe, kukhombisa izimpaphe zokukhwelana.
Isikhathi sokuzalisa siqala ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Ephreli, lesi yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuzalisa amahansi aseHawaii. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bahlala esidlekeni kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari phakathi kwamadwala odaka. Isidleke sitholakala phansi emahlahleni. Insikazi imba umgodi omncane emhlabathini, ifihlwe phakathi kohlaza. I-Clutch iqukethe amaqanda ayi-1 kuya kwayi-5:
- eHawaii - isilinganiso esingu-3;
- kuMaui - 4.
Insikazi ifukamela yodwa izinsuku ezingama-29 kuya kwezingama-32. Iduna likhona eduze kwesidleke futhi linikeza ukuqapha okuqaphe indawo yokwakha isidleke. Insikazi ingashiya isidleke, ishiye amaqanda amahora amane ngosuku, phakathi naleso sikhathi iyondla futhi iphumule.
Amachwane ahlala esidlekeni isikhathi eside, embozwe ukukhanya okuntekenteke phansi. Bayashesha ukuzimela futhi bakwazi ukuthola ukudla. Kodwa-ke, amahansi asencane aseHawaii awanakukwazi ukundiza aze afike cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu ubudala, okubenza babe sengozini yezilwane ezizingelayo. Bahlala eqenjini lomndeni kuze kube yisizini ezayo.
Umsoco waseHawaii
Amahansi aseHawaii angabadli bezitshalo bangempela futhi adla kakhulu ekudleni kwezitshalo, kepha abamba izibungu nezinambuzane kanye nakho. Lokho kufihla phakathi kwezitshalo Izinyoni ziqoqa ukudla phansi futhi zodwa. Zidla, zidla utshani, amaqabunga, izimbali, amajikijolo nembewu.
Isimo sokongiwa kwehansi laseHawaii
Amahansi aseHawaii ake aba maningi kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokufika kohambo lukaCook, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili, inani labo lalingaphezu kwama-25,000. Abahlali basebenzisa izinyoni njengomthombo wokudla futhi bazizingela, bathola ukuqothula okucishe kuphele.
Ngo-1907, kwavinjelwa ukuzingela amahansi aseHawaii. Kodwa ngo-1940, isimo sezinhlobo sehla kakhulu ngenxa yokudliwa kwezilwane ezincelisayo, ukuwohloka kwendawo nokuqothulwa kwabantu ngqo. Le nqubo yenziwa futhi ukucekelwa phansi kwezidleke zokuqoqa amaqanda, ukushayisana kocingo nezimoto, ukuba sengozini kwezinyoni ezindala ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, lapho zihlaselwa ama-mongoose, izingulube, amagundane nezinye izilwane ezilethwe. Amahansi aseHawaii asondela ekuqothulweni cishe ngokuphelele ngo-1950.
Ngenhlanhla, ochwepheshe baqaphela isimo salezi zinhlobo ezingavamile emvelweni futhi bathatha izinyathelo zokuzala amahansi aseHawaii ekuthunjweni futhi bavikele izindawo zokwakha izidleke. Ngakho-ke, sekuvele ngo-1949, iqoqo lokuqala lezinyoni ladedelwa endaweni yalo yemvelo, kodwa le phrojekthi ayiphumelelanga kakhulu. Cishe abantu abayinkulungwane baphinde babuyiselwa eHawaii naseMaui.
Izinyathelo ezithathwe ngesikhathi esifanele zenze ukuthi kube lula ukusindisa lezi zilwane ezisengozini.
Ngasikhathi sinye, amahansi aseHawaii ahlala njalo ebulawa yizilwane ezidla ezinye, ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke kubantu bezinyoni ezingandile kubangelwa ama-mongoose, abhubhisa amaqanda ezinyoni ezidlekeni zawo. Ngakho-ke, isimo sihlala singazinzile, yize lolu hlobo luvikelwe ngumthetho. Amahansi aseHawaii asohlwini olubomvu lwe-IUCN futhi abhalwe ohlwini lwezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingavamile e-United States. Uhlobo olungajwayelekile olurekhodwe ku-CITES Isithasiselo I.
