Kukhona izinganekwane eziningi mayelana nokuthi izinja zibona kanjani umhlaba obazungezile. Kulezi zinsuku, isayensi isiqhubekele phambili kwavela ukuthi babona umhlaba ungcono kakhulu kunangaphambili. Isibonelo, bayakwazi ukuhlukanisa imibala. Okuningi ngokuthi inja ibona kanjani kamuva esihlokweni sethu.
Njengoba inja ibona
Umbono wenja awukhule kahle futhi awudlali iqhaza elibalulekile empilweni, ngokungafani nomuzwa wokuhogela nokuzwa. Kodwa-ke, inkinga yombono we-canine iyabakhathaza ososayensi abaningi. Umbuzo oyinhloko ngukuthi: Ingabe izinja ziyahlukanisa imibala? Sekuyiminyaka eminingi kucatshangwa ukuthi abangane bethu abanemilenze emine babona umhlaba umnyama nomhlophe. Kepha ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva, lokhu bekungenjalo, izinja zingahlukanisa imibala, yize iphalethi yazo ingehlukile njengaleyo yabantu.
Iso lomuntu linezigaxa ezintathu ezibhekele ukubona imibala, kuyilapho izinja zinezimbili kuphela. Abakwazi ukubona okubomvu, okungafaniswa nobumpumputhe bombala kubantu. Lokho iso lomuntu elikubona njengokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuluhlaza okotshani, isilwane sikuthatha sibe mhlophe. Kepha izinja zingahlukanisa kahle kakhulu imithunzi yegrey, lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zibone ebumnyameni izikhathi ezintathu noma ezine kangcono kunabantu. Bangakwazi futhi ukunquma ngokunembe kakhudlwana ibanga lento, kepha abakwazi ukunquma ivolumu nokujula kombala wayo.
Okunye okubalulekile ukuthi inja ibona kanjani ukuthi zibona izinto ezihambayo zingcono kakhulu kunezimile. Kungakho futhi ungafanele ubalekele izinja, zizokubona njengezisulu. Uma ume kude no-1.5-2 wamakhilomitha ukusuka enjeni inganyakazi, ngeke ikubone, kepha izokunuka.
Isakhiwo samehlo ezinjeni
Umbono wenja waklanywe ngendlela yokuthi ukwazi ukubona into ngamehlo amabili ngasikhathi sinye kuncane kakhulu okuthuthukile kuzo kunabantu. Umehluko omkhulu ekwakhiweni kwamehlo abantu nezinja ubukhona bento ebizwa nge "macula". Le yindawo yombono ocacile wale ndaba. Izinja azinayo "indawo ephuzi" enjalo. Kulokhu, ukuzwela kwe-retina kubuthakathaka kakhulu. Njengoba inja inezinduku (izigaxa) eziningi esweni layo kunomuntu, iyakwazi ukubona ngokusobala into emile ebangeni elingamamitha angama-200 kuye kwangama-600, kuya ngohlobo lohlobo, kanye neyodwa ehambayo ukusuka kumamitha angama-600 kuye kwangama-900. Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, ososayensi bathole ukuthi izinja zinombono oyingqayizivele we-ultraviolet, noma kunjalo, akucaci ngokuphelele ukuthi zisebenzisa kanjani.
Inja isibona kanjani isithombe esikrinini se-TV? Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi inja ayiziboni izithombe ezinemvamisa engaphansi kuka-80 Hz. Ngakho-ke, ungacabangi ukuthi isilwane sakho sibuka i-TV, maningi amathuba okuthi asilalele, futhi esikhundleni sesithombe, ukukhanya okungahleliwe kuvela phambi kwakhe, ngoba kuma-TV amaningi amadala kungama-60-80 Hz. Kepha kumamodeli wesimanje, imvamisa yesithombe ifinyelela ku-100 Hz, bayobuka i-TV enjalo ngenjabulo. Kukhona nezinhlelo zevidiyo zezinja.
Njengoba wazi, imidlwane izalwa iyimpumputhe futhi umbono ogcwele enja wakhiwa ngokuphelele ngemuva kwezinyanga ezine ubudala. Ngemuva kwalokho, baqala ukubona ngokuphelele. Ngalesi sikhathi, amalensi abo ne-cornea ekugcineni akhiwa.
Amandla okubuka
Njengoba wazi, izinja zingabona kangcono kakhulu kunabantu ebumnyameni, kepha zimbi ukwedlula amakati, ngoba azizona izilwane zasebusuku ngomqondo ophelele wegama, kunalokho zinombono wesikhashana phakathi kwemini nobusuku. Phambilini bekuvunywa ukuthi izinja zingama-myopic, kepha lokhu akunjalo, zinokubona okubuthakathaka okubonakalayo okungaba ngu- + 0.5, uma kuhunyushelwa kwizindinganiso "zabantu". Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-angle yokubuka yezilwane ezifuywayo inkulu kunaleyo yabantu futhi icishe ibe ngama-260 degrees. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinja zinekhono lokuhlola ngokunembile amabanga amade, kepha eduze kwamamitha angu-0.5, kufanele zikhathaze ukugxila kumbono wazo.
Okuningi kuncike ohlotsheni nasendleleni yokuphila kwesilwane sakho, uma kuwuhlobo lokuzingela, khona-ke ukungabi bikho kokuhamba okusebenzayo emvelweni kanye nendlela yokuphila engasebenzi kungathinta iso lenja kanye nesimo sayo somzimba ngokujwayelekile. Ngokukhula, ezinjeni, njengakumuntu, amandla okubuka ayaphela, kuya ngokuya kuba kubi, neminye imisebenzi yomzimba wesilwane iba buthakathaka. Ukwehlisa izinkinga zamehlo, ikakhulukazi ezinjeni ezindala, abanikazi bazo basebenzisa imithi yesintu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha uju, uyihlanze ngamandla ngamanzi afudumele bese ugeza amehlo enja ngesisombululo esiphumelayo. Kuyasiza impela.
Izifo zamehlo enjeni
Umbono wenja uyinsimbi ebucayi futhi kufanele ibhekwe ngeso lokhozi, wonke umnikazi kufanele akukhumbule lokhu. Uma unezinkinga ezinkulu, ngakho-ke akufanele uphathe umngane wakho wedwa, lokhu kungalimaza kuphela, udinga ngokushesha uye kuchwepheshe... Njalo khombisa isilwane sakho kudokotela wezilwane, uzokwenza ukuhlolwa futhi anqume kahle ukuthi inja ibona kanjani. Ngakho-ke, ake sibheke izifo ezinkulu zamehlo ezinjeni.
- Blepharospasm. Ngalesi sifo, isilwane sicwayiza njalo futhi sihlikihla amehlo ngezidladla. Kukhona nokuzwela okwengeziwe ekukhanyeni. Lesi sifo asizimele, kodwa kuphela umphumela wokutheleleka okudlulisiwe noma ukulimala. Kulokhu, iso liyavuvukala futhi libuhlungu. Lesi sifo ngokwaso asibulali, kodwa asikwazi ukuqalwa, ngoba singadala ukuwohloka noma ukulahleka kombono kancane enjeni.
- Ukwehla kwejwabu leso lesithathu noma "iso le-cherry". Lesi sifo sibonakala kwezinye izinhlobo zezinja, lapho okunamathiselwe kwesembozo kuqala kubuthakathaka. Ama-bulldogs, ama-spaniel nama-hounds atholakala kakhulu kulesi sifo. Lesi sifo ngokwaso asiyona ingozi, kepha singadala ezinye eziningi, ngoba ukutheleleka kungena endaweni ecasukile bese kuba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Imvamisa izimpawu ze- "cherry eye" ziyatholakala ngisho nasemidlwane bese ziyalahlwa. Uma inja yakho inalesi sifo, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wezilwane.
- I-dermatitis yekhulu leminyaka. Lesi sifo sijwayele izinhlobo zezinja ezinezinwele ezinde ezinezindlebe ezinde. Iphathwa ngama-antibiotics we-spectrum ejwayelekile yesenzo. Uma lesi sifo siqalisiwe, khona-ke isilwane sakho singalahlekelwa ukubona kusenesikhathi kakhulu kunokuba kungenzeka.
Sengiphetha, ngithanda ukusho ukuthi akusizi ngalutho ukuphikisana ngokuthi inja inamehlo amahle noma mubi. Kwanele ngempilo yenja egcwele injabulo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, baba ngabasizi bethu ekuzingeleni, abalindi, abavikeli, futhi baba ngabangane nje. Bheka impilo yabangani bakho abanemilenze emine futhi bazokubonga.
