Ikhayithi elibhemayo elinamaphiko (i-Elanus scriptus) lingele-oda le-Falconiformes.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zekhayithi elibhemayo elinamaphiko
Ikhayithi elibhemayo elinamaphiko elinezintambo linobukhulu obungamasentimitha angama-37. Iphiko lalo lingama-84 kuye kuma-89 cm.
Isisindo 291x 427 g.
Lesi sidlakela esincane esinezimpaphe esinekhanda elikhulu eliyindilinga, izimpiko ezinde, hhayi umsila okhombe onqenqemeni lwe-scalloped. Ubukeka emuhle ngokwedlulele, ikakhulukazi lapho ehleli njengenyoni yasolwandle.
Ezinyonini ezindala, izingxenye ezingaphezulu zomzimba zinombala onsundu ngombala, ziqhathaniswa nezimpaphe ezimnyama ezinamaphiko amnyama futhi zinendawo emnyama emnyama. Umsila umpunga okhanyayo. Umbala ompunga kwesinye isikhathi unombala onsundu. Ngaphambili, isigqoko nebunzi kumhlophe. Ubuso bumhlophe qwa, bufana nediski yobuso yesikhova, mhlawumbe ngoba amabala amnyama azungeze nangaphansi kwamehlo athuthukile kakhulu. Ingaphansi lomzimba limhlophe. Izembozo zamaphiko ezingenhla zimnyama. Izimpaphe zezindiza zinempunga emnyama. Izimpaphe ezingaphansi kokumhlophe zimhlophe okwempunga ngomugqa omnyama ophukile owenza uhlamvu "M" noma "W".
Uqhwaku lumnyama. Iris yeso ibomvu ruby. I-wax, imilenze ephuzi-ukhilimu.
Izindawo zokuhlala ze-bunting kite smoky
Ikhayithi lentuthu elinamaphiko elithonayo litholakala phakathi kwezihlahla eziseduze nemifula. Kuhlala emadlelweni omile anezihlahla ezingenalutho, kanye nezindawo eziningi ezivulekile ezinomhlabathi. Ngokuncipha kwemithombo yokudla, izinyoni ezidla inyama zingahamba ziye kwezinye izifunda, zifinyelele ogwini lweziqhingi ezincane ezisondele ogwini. Bangakwazi nokuzala lapho, kepha abahlali isikhathi eside kakhulu, njalo babuyele ezindaweni zabo zomdabu. Ama-kite e-Lepidoptera abhemayo ahambelana nezindawo zokuhlala eziphakathi kwezinga lolwandle kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-1000.
Ukusabalala kwekhayithi elibhemayo elinamaphiko ezindiza
Ikhayithi elibhemayo elinamaphiko ligcwele e-Australia.
Izindawo eziyinhloko zokuzalela zingaphakathi kweNorthern Territory eQueensland, eSouth Australia naseNew South Wales-du-Sud, eBarkley Plateau kanye nasemifuleni iGeorgina neDiamantina kuya eLake Eyre kanye naseDarling River. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle ezindaweni zabo zomdabu, izinyoni ezidla inyama zisabalale cishe yonke indawo ezwenikazi, ngaphandle kwezindawo eziwugwadule entshonalanga nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeNhlonhlo yaseCape York kanye naseCarpentaria Bay.
Izici zokuziphatha zekhayithi elibhemayo elinamaphiko ezindiza
Izinyoni ezihamba zodwa zinamathela emingceleni engaphandle yezindawo zazo. Ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, baba nobungane ngokwengeziwe, bahlala ngamaqoqo, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube ngababili abangama-50 endaweni eyodwa. Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, izinyoni eziningana zihlangana ezindaweni ezivamile. Bude buduze nekoloni, izimvemvane, ama-kites abhemayo andiza njengezimvemvane ezinkulu. Kwesinye isikhathi zindiza phezu kwezwe, kepha azenzi izindiza eziyisiyingi endaweni ephakeme ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.
Ngesikhathi esomile, lapho imvula incane futhi kungekho ukudla okwanele, izinyoni ezidla inyama zihola impilo yokuzulazula.
Uma engekho amagundane, ahlasela izindawo ezingeyona indawo yazo ejwayelekile.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwekhayithi elibhemayo elinamaphiko ezindiza
I-Lepidoptera kites esidlangalaleni esidlekeni emakoloni, kuyaqabukela ngababili abahlukene. Leli koloni libala cishe ngazimbili ezingama-20, izidleke zisabalele ezihlahleni eziningana. Isikhathi sokwakha izidleke siqala ngo-Agasti kuya kuJanuwari. Kodwa-ke, ngokudla okuningi ngesikhathi semvula, lezi zinyoni zingahlala ngokuqhubekayo kuzo zonke izinyanga zonyaka. Isidleke siyipulatifomu engajulile eyakhiwe ngamagatsha amancane. Linganisa amasentimitha angama-28 kuye kwangama-38 ububanzi namasentimitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-30 ukujula. Uma isidleke sisetshenziswa iminyaka eminingi ilandelana, ubukhulu bukhulu kakhulu futhi bufinyelela ku-74 cm ububanzi no-58 cm ukujula. Izinyoni zilungisa isidleke esidala minyaka yonke. Phansi kwesidleke kufakwe amaqabunga aluhlaza, uboya besilwane, kwesinye isikhathi ubulongwe bemfuyo. Iningi lomquba kanye nemfucumfucu kunqwabelana ezidlekeni ezindala ezisendaweni ephakathi kwamamitha amabili kuya kwayishumi nanye ukusuka emhlabathini.
I-Clutch iqukethe amaqanda ama-4 noma ama-5, usayizi omaphakathi u-44 mm x 32 mm. Amaqanda amhlophe anezindawo ezibomvu ngokubomvu, ezivame ukunqwabelana kakhulu ekugcineni. Insikazi ifukamela yodwa cishe izinsuku ezingama-30. Ama-kites amancane ashiya isidleke ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-32 kuphela.
Ikhithi Lokubhema Elinamaphiko Amantongomane
Ama-kepidoptera ama-kites abhemayo adla kuphela izilwane ezincelisayo, akhetha amagundane. Babuye badle izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinambuzane ezinkulu uma ukudla kwabo okujwayelekile kunganele. Izilwane ezinamaphiko zizingela:
- amagundane ezinwele ezinde (Rattus villosissimus), okuyizisulu ezivame kakhulu;
- amagundane angenalutho;
- amagundane asendlini;
- amagundane esihlabathi (Pseudomys hermannsburgensis);
- Amagundane e-Spinnifex (i-Notomys alexis).
Ama-kites abhemayo anamaphiko azingelayo ngenkathi ehamba phezu kwensimu noma ekuqamekeleni. Izindlela zabo zokuzingela zifana kakhulu nezinye zezinhlobo zamakhayithi. Izinyoni ezizingelayo zizulazula endaweni, zindizela phansi kakhulu futhi zishaya amaphiko azo ajulile futhi ahamba kancane. Ama-kite e-Lepidoptera abhemayo kwesinye isikhathi azingela kusihlwa nasebusuku. Baqala ukufuna inyamazane yabo ebumnyameni, futhi lokhu kuzingela kuyaqhubeka kuze kube sebusuku, ikakhulukazi ebusuku benyanga lapho indawo ikhanyiswa inyanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyoni ezidla inyama zihlasela izindawo zakwamanye amazwe, lapho zingazingeli khona ngezikhathi zasemini.
Isimo Sokonga seLepidoptera Smoky Kite
Indawo yokuhlala ikhayithi elinezintambo ezinamachashazi idlula amakhilomitha-skwele ayisigidi.
Lezi zinhlobo zisengozini njengoba usayizi wabantu uba mncane ngokulingene phakathi kokuqubuka nokuncipha kwesilinganiso samarati. Inani labantu lekhayithi elibhemayo elinamaphiko lincike ebukhoneni bezisulu eziyinhloko - igundane lesifo iRattus villossimus, elizala kakhulu emva kwezimvula ezinamandla. Ngaleyo minyaka lapho amagundane eyizinhlobo eziningi, izinyoni ezidla inyama nazo zizala ngokushesha. Ngemuva kokuqala kwesomiso, inani lamagundane lehla kakhulu futhi ama-kites ashiya izindawo zawo eziyinhloko futhi, ekugcineni, iningi lezinyoni ziyafa. Ngasikhathi sinye, inani lama-kites anentuthu enamaphiko uvemvane lingawela kubantu abayi-1000. Eminyakeni evumayo, inani eliphelele labantu bezinhlobo ezingavamile cishe lilinganiselwa ku-5 000 - 10 000. I-IUCN ilinganisela ukuthi ikhayithi elibhemayo elinamaphiko ezindiza “licishe libe sengozini”.
Izindlela Zokonga zeLepidoptera Smoky Kite
Imisebenzi yokongiwa ifaka phakathi ukuqapha abantu ukutadisha ukuguquguquka kwesibalo sabantu, ukwenza ucwaningo lokufunda ngomphumela wokudla kwezinkomo kwinani lamagundane, nokuvikela indawo yokuhlala yekayiti elinamaphiko amakhulu elibhemayo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukulawula inani lamakati ezindaweni ezinkulu zokwakha izidleke zekhayithi elingavamile.
