ICichlazoma Managuana Parachromis managuensis (phambilini eyiCichlasoma managuens) noma i-jaguar cichlid iyinhlanzi enkulu, edlayo, kodwa enhle kakhulu elungele abathandi bama-cichlids.
Ngokungafani namanye ama-cichlids, iManaguana cichlid ithatha kuphela umbala wayo ogqamile lapho isivuthwe ngokuphelele.
Isibonelo, kuma-juveniles, kunemivimbo emnyama ebonakalayo emzimbeni, futhi izinhlanzi ezindala sezivele zibonwa, ezazibizwa ngokuthi ama-jaguar.
Ukuphila emvelweni
IManaguan cichlazoma yachazwa okokuqala eGunther ngo-1867. Ihlala eMelika Ephakathi ukusuka eMfuleni i-Ulua eHonduras kuye eMfuleni iMatina eCosta Rica.
Ngokungafani nezinhlanzi eziningi ze-aquarium, ikhula iye ngosayizi ohloniphekile, futhi iyinhlanzi ethengiswayo ezweni lakubo.
Ihlala emanzini amaningi, kusuka emachibini aminyene anezitshalo ezinomhlabathi othambile kuya emifuleni esheshayo nemifula.
Kukhona ukuthambekela kokuya ezindaweni ezinamanzi afudumele, lapho kuvame ukuba khona nomoya-mpilo omncane oncibilikisiwe emanzini.
Incazelo
IManaguan cichlazoma inomzimba ovulekile, ominyene kamuva futhi omise okweqanda, ovele unikeze isilwane esidalelwe ukuphonsa ngokushesha.
Ngokwemvelo, ifinyelela kubude bomzimba obungu-60 cm kanye nesisindo samakhilogremu ambalwa. I-aquarium incane, abesilisa bacishe babe ngama-40 cm, nabesifazane bangama-35 cm, kepha ngisho nosayizi laba basivumela ukuthi siyibize njengenye yama-cichlids amakhulu kakhulu aqukethwe kuma-aquariums ama-hobbyist. Isilinganiso sobude besikhathi sokuphila yiminyaka eyi-15, kepha ngokunakekelwa okuhle bangaphila isikhathi eside.
Yize iminyaka yenhlanzi ingabuthinti kakhulu ubuhle, iManaguana ishintsha umbala wayo kukho konke ukuphila kwayo. Amajita, abesilisa nabesifazane, abancane, anemigqa eminingana emnyama egijima kusukela emuva kuya maphakathi nomzimba. Kepha, njengoba zikhula, le mivimbo emikhulu emnyama kwabesilisa kancane kancane iphenduka amabala, bese inyamalala ngokuphelele.
Abesifazane, noma kunjalo, bangaba namabala amaningana amakhulu maphakathi nomzimba, aqale ngemuva nje kwe-operculum.
Ezinhlanzi ezivuthiwe ngokobulili, umbala uba yileyo kanye abathola igama labo - ama-jaguar. Lokhu ukushintshaniswa kwamabala amnyama namhlophe, kwesinye isikhathi anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Zinamazinyo pharyngeal okuzingela kanye nemisebe ebukhali emaphikweni azo ukuvikela kwezinye izilwane.
IManaguanian cichlazoma idla umdlavuza:
Kunzima kokuqukethwe
Ukunakekela iManaguana akunzima, ngaphandle kobunzima be-aquarium enkulu kanye nezihlungi ezinamandla kakhulu. Vele, le nhlanzi akuyona eyabaqalayo. Mkhulu kakhulu, unolaka, uyisidlakela.
Ngokwemvelo, ifinyelela ku-60 cm, futhi ingaba nesisindo samakhilogremu ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, ku-aquarium incane kakhulu, cishe ngama-40 cm.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo nemvelo enolaka, kungcono ukuyigcina ngokuhlukile, kwi-biotope efana nemizimba yamanzi aseCentral America, futhi-ke, gwema ukuyigcina nezinhlanzi ezincane noma ezinolaka oluncane.
Ukondla
Ukondla kujwayelekile kuzo zonke izinhlanzi ezidla ezinye. Ngokwemvelo, idla izinhlanzi ezincane nezingenamgogodla.
I-aquarium inazo zonke izinhlobo zokudla okuphilayo: inhlanzi, amakhilikithi, imisundu, onoshobishobi.
Yize bekhetha ukudla okuphilayo, bangadla nezibopho zezinhlanzi, inyama yezimfanzi, i-krill nokunye ukudla okufanayo. Kufanele wondle kanye ngosuku, ungathatha ikhefu kanye ngesonto.
Qaphela ukuthi ochwepheshe abancomi ukuthi uvame ukondla izilwane ezincelisayo. Ukudla okufana nenhliziyo yenkomo kuqukethe inani elikhulu lamafutha namaprotheni isisu sama-jaguar cichlids esingakwazi ukukugaya.
Ungangeza okuphakelayo okunjalo ngezikhathi ezithile, kanye ngesonto, kepha njalo ngokulinganisela, hhayi ngokweqile.
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Kulezi zinhlanzi ezinkulu, kudingeka ne-aquarium enkulu, okungenani amalitha angama-450. Lezi izinhlanzi ezinolaka kakhulu, futhi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuthambekela kokudinga indawo yabo badinga indawo yabo, ezinye izinhlanzi ezingeke zibhukude kuyo.
Ukuhlobisa kudinga eyodwa enkulu - amatshe, izinkuni ezikhukhulwayo, kanye namatshe amnyama njengenhlabathi. Asikho isidingo sezitshalo, lezi zilo zizobabhubhisa ngokushesha nangokungenasihawu.
Ngokwemvelo, bahlala emanzini anodaka, avame ukuba mnyama ngombala, ngakho-ke ungangeza amaqabunga ambalwa omile, njenge-oki noma amaqabunga e-alimondi, ku-aquarium.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kube namanzi ahlanzekile e-aquarium, ngoba ngesikhathi sokudla kanye nempilo, iManaguan cichlid ishiya imfucuza eminingi.
Udinga ukusebenzisa isihlungi esinamandla sangaphandle, futhi njalo ubeke amanye amanzi ngamanzi amasha.
Yize behlala ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini ezihluke kakhulu futhi ezinamapharamitha ahlukene wamanzi, okuhle kuzoba: ph: 7.0-8.7, 10-15 dGH kanye nokushisa kuka-24-28 C
Abasebenza ngokuzilibazisa baqaphela ukuthi lapho izinga lokushisa liphakama, abantu baseManagua baba namandla kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyigcina kumkhawulo ophansi, ama-degree angama-24 ukunciphisa ulaka.
Ukuhambisana
Ngokuqinisekile akuyona inhlanzi yama-aquariums ajwayelekile. Kuyinhlanzi edlayo, yendawo, enobudlova eba nobudlova obukhulu ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Kuhle ukugcinwa namanye ama-cichlids amakhulu aseMelika Ephakathi, noma ne-catfish enkulu - i-red-tailed, i-pangasius, i-clarius. I-Giant gourami ne-pacu emnyama nakho kufanelekile.
Uma uhlela ukuthola gazinga kubo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungagcini i-catfish efana ne-plekostomus, ngoba ebusuku badla i-Manavian caviar. Ngokuvamile, lapho bezozala, kungcono ukuthi azikho ezinye izinhlanzi e-aquarium.
Ungagcina inhlanzi eyodwa noma umbhangqwana. Banolaka kakhulu ezinhlanzini zezinhlobo zabo, ngaphandle kwalapho bekhule ngababili kukho konke ukuphila kwabo. Ngisho noma insikazi engajwayelekile ingezwa kowesilisa, ingamshaya ngokushesha okukhulu, ikakhulukazi uma emkhulu kunaye.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Eziduna zinkulu futhi zinamabala amnyama amakhulu kakhulu lapho zisencane. Lapho owesilisa evuthwa, amabala awahlali nhlobo, kanti owesifazane angagcina amaningana.
Futhi, owesilisa mkhulu, unomphetho wokukhomba ongaphambili nowokukhomba futhi unemibala egqamile.
Ukuzala
IManaguan cichlazoma ibilokhu ifuyelwa emanzini iminyaka eminingi. Bakha izithandani ezizinzile futhi bangabazali abakhulu ezinganeni zabo. Kodwa-ke, ukwakha ama-pair anjalo, ama-gazinga ambalwa kufanele akhuliswe ndawonye ukuze akhethe owazo ukushada naye.
Iqiniso ukuthi ukuzama ukutshala owesifazane osevele esekhulile kowesilisa kuvame ukuphela ngokulimala noma ngisho nokufa kowesifazane. Owesilisa unolaka kakhulu, futhi ngisho namabhangqa asevele akhiwa kungcono ukuwagcina emanzini avulekile, owesifazane wayenendawo yokucasha.
Lapho kufika isikhathi sokuzalela, owesilisa uqala ukuqoma insikazi futhi abambe inhlabathi ngemuva kwedwala elikhulu.
Njengoba isidleke sesilungile, futhi usuku lokuzala luzosondela, owesilisa uba nolaka ngokwengeziwe komakhelwane, futhi uzohlasela isandla sakho ngenkathi esebenza e-aquarium.
Ukukhuthaza ukuzala, lo mbhangqwana udinga ukondliwa kahle futhi imvamisa amanzi ashintshwa kabili ngesonto; ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa libe ngu-28 ° C nakho kuyasiza.
Kuleli zinga lokushisa, amaqanda akhukhululiwe azochanyuselwa emahoreni angama-72, futhi, lokhu kuzonciphisa amathuba okuhlaselwa yi-caviar ngesikhunta.
Insikazi ibheka amaqanda ngaso sonke isikhathi, isuse imfucumfucu neminenke. Ngemuva kwe-fry hatch, idla okuqukethwe kwesikhwama se-yolk, futhi kuphela emva kwezinsuku eziyi-3-4 lapho ingaphakelwa khona.
Okuphakelayo kokuqala kungaba ukondla uketshezi lwefry, isikhuphasha seqanda. Njengoba i-fry ikhula, idluliselwa ku-brine shrimp nauplii.
