I-Nicaragua cichlazoma (i-Latin Hypsophrys nicaraguensis, phambilini eyayiyi-Cichlasoma nicaraguense) iyinhlanzi engajwayelekile ngombala wayo nomzimba wayo. Abesilisa baseNicaragua bakhulu kunabesifazane, kepha abesifazane babukeka bebahle kakhulu.
Umbala womzimba uncike kakhulu endaweni abahlala kuyo emvelweni, kepha umbala omuhle kakhulu umzimba okhazimulayo-osagolide, ikhanda elikhanyayo ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezembozo ze-gill, nesisu esinsomi.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi yize i-cichlazoma yaseNicaragua ingenye yama-cichlids anemibala egqamile, izingane zayo azigqamile, nsundu futhi azidonsi amehlo. Ngokusobala, ngakho-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, ngoba kunzima ukuthengisa nokuzuza ngenkathi i-fry ifiphele.
Kepha, uma wazi kahle ukuthi luhlobo luni lwezinhlanzi, lokhu kungenye yama-cichlids amahle kakhulu azokujabulisa iminyaka eminingi.
Kuyinhlanzi enhle kubo bobabili abanolwazi nabasethuthukile. Njengawo wonke ama-cichlids, iNicaragua inendawo futhi ingaba nolaka komakhelwane.
Kepha, noma kunjalo, ayinalo ulaka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma iqhathaniswa namanye ama-cichlids amakhulu eMelika Ephakathi.
Ukuphila emvelweni
ICichlazoma yaseNicaragua yachazwa okokuqala nguGunther ngo-1864. Uhlala e-Central America: eLake Nicaragua, eMfuleni iMatina eCosta Rica.
Zitholakala emachibini nasemifuleni enokuhamba okuntekenteke noma okuphakathi. AmaJuveniles adla izinambuzane, kepha abantu abadala baya ku-detritus, imbewu, ulwelwe, iminenke nezinye izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla.
Incazelo
Umzimba we-cichlazoma waseNicaragua uqinile futhi uqinile, unekhanda eli-arched kakhulu nomlomo ophansi. Yinhlanzi enkulu impela ekhula ize ifike ku-25 cm ubude. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, i-cichlazoma yaseNicaragua ingaphila iminyaka engafika kwengu-15.
Umzimba wakhe uyithusi legolide nekhanda eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umugqa omnyama obanzi ugijima ulayini ophakathi nendawo, un ichashazi elikhulu elimnyama phakathi. Amaphiko wepectoral asobala, kanti amanye anamachashazi amnyama.
Njengomthetho, izinhlanzi ezibanjwa emvelweni zinemibala egqamile kakhulu kunalezo ezifuywa emanzini.
Kunzima kokuqukethwe
I-Nicaragua cichlazoma iyinhlanzi enkulu kodwa enokuthula impela. Akunzima ukukugcina, kepha kusadinga ulwazi oluthile, ngoba usayizi ubeka imikhawulo yawo.
Kodwa-ke, uma i-novice aquarist ingahlinzeka nge-aquarium ebanzi, amanzi ahlanzekile, ukudla okufanele kanye nomakhelwane, lapho-ke ngeke kube nezinkinga ngokulungiswa.
Ukondla
I-cichlazoma yaseNicaragua ingu-omnivorous, ngokwemvelo idla kakhulu ekudleni kwezitshalo - ulwelwe, izitshalo, amaqabunga, i-detritus, kanye neminenke nezinye izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla. E-aquarium, badla zonke izinhlobo zokudla okubukhoma, okweqhwa nokwenziwe.
Isisekelo sokondla singenziwa ngokuphakelayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwama-cichlids amakhulu, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho kunikezwe i-Artemia, imisundu yegazi, iminenke, izibungu, inyama yezimfanzi.
Bathanda nemifino: i-zucchini, ukhukhamba, ulethisi, noma amaphilisi anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto zezitshalo (spirulina)
Okuphakelayo okuvela enyameni yezilwane ezincelisayo (ngokwesibonelo, inhliziyo yenkomo) kufanele kunikezwe ngamanani alinganiselwe, ngoba anamafutha amaningi namaprotheni, agaywe kahle futhi aholele ekukhuluphaleni kwezinhlanzi.
Okuqukethwe
Ukugcina izinhlanzi, udinga i-aquarium engamalitha angama-300 noma ngaphezulu, futhi uma kukhudlwana, iba ngcono. Bathanda ukugeleza namanzi ahlanzekile, ngakho-ke udinga ukusebenzisa isihlungi esinamandla sangaphandle.
Njengoba kunenqwaba yemfucuza ngemuva kokuphakelwa, udinga ukushintsha cishe ama-20% wamanzi masonto onke futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uphonsa phansi.
E-aquarium, kufanelekile ukudala i-biotope efana nomfula eMelika Ephakathi: phansi kwesihlabathi, izindawo eziningi zokukhosela phakathi kwamatshe kanye neziqubu.
Njengoba iNicaragua ikuthanda kakhulu ukumba inhlabathi, kunengqondo ukugcina izitshalo kuphela ezimbizeni nasezinhlotsheni ezilukhuni. Bangakhetha futhi badle amaqabunga amancane, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlanzi
Njengawo wonke ama-cichlids, iNicaragua inendawo futhi inolaka lapho ivikela indawo yayo. Kodwa-ke, unolaka kancane kunamanye ama-cichlid osayizi wakhe.
Ingagcinwa namanye ama-cichlids - inyosi, enemigqa emnyama, emnene, i-salvini. Zigcinwa ngazimbili, okulula ukuzithathela uma uthenga izinhlanzi ezincane ezingama-6-8 bese uzifuqela ndawonye, zinikeze isikhathi sokuzichaza ngababili.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Ukuhlukanisa abesifazane kowesilisa kuma-cichlids aseNicaragua akulula. Iduna likhulu futhi linomphetho ocijile wokugqokwayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvela iqhuma elinonile ekhanda lowesilisa, yize ngokwemvelo lingelesikhashana futhi livela kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala. Insikazi incane kunowesilisa futhi imvamisa inemibala egqamile.
Ukuzala
I-cichlazoma yaseNicaragua izala kabusha ngempumelelo e-aquarium. Babeka amaqanda emigodini, kepha kufanele babhekwe njengemibhangqwana eyedwa edinga imihume nezindawo zokukhosela eziningi.
Bamba umgodi endaweni yokukhosela, ngoba i-caviar yabantu baseNicaragua ayinamathele futhi abakwazi ukuyinamathisela ezindongeni zesikhoselo.
Insikazi izalela amaqanda, avele obala futhi abe makhulu ngokwanele (2 mm). Ekushiseni okungama-26 ° C, iyaqhekeka ngosuku lwesithathu, bese kuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-4-5, gazinga lizobhukuda.
Ukusuka kuleli phuzu kuqhubeke, kungondliwa nge-brine shrimp nauplii. Abazali banakekela amaqanda futhi bayathosa ngaso sonke isikhathi, noma kunalokho owesifazane uyamnakekela, futhi owesilisa uyamvikela.
