ISt. Bernard iyinhlobo enkulu yezinja ezisebenzayo, edabuka eSwitzerland Alps, lapho yayisetshenziselwa ukusindisa abantu. Namuhla bangaphezu kwenja engumngane, edume ngosayizi womzimba wabo nomphefumulo, abanothando futhi abamnene.
Izifushaniso
- I-St. Bernards zinguhlobo olukhulu futhi, yize zingahlala efulethini, zidinga indawo yokwelula nokujika.
- Uma ukhathazeka kakhulu ngenhlanzeko nokuhleleka, khona-ke lolu hlobo akuzona olwakho. Ziyaconsa amathe futhi ziyakwazi ukuzilethela intaba yonke yenhlabathi. Zichitha nosayizi wazo kwenza inani loboya lingakholeki.
- Imidlwane ikhula kancane futhi ithatha iminyaka eminingana ukuvuthwa ngokwengqondo. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, zihlala ziyimidlwane emikhulu kakhulu.
- Bazwana kakhulu nezingane futhi banobumnene ngokwedlulele kubo.
- ISt. Bernards yakhelwe impilo emakhazeni futhi ayikubekezeleli ukushisa kahle.
- Alikho ivoti elinikezwa ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Njengezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu, aziphili isikhathi eside, iminyaka eyi-8-10.
- Akufanele bahlale ezindlini zezinyoni noma ngeketanga, ngoba bathanda abantu nomndeni kakhulu.
Umlando wozalo
ISt. Bernard iwuhlobo oludala futhi umlando wemvelaphi yayo ulahlekile emlandweni. Kubhalwe kahle kuphela kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17. Cishe, ngaphambi kuka-1600, lezi zinja zavela ezindaweni zasendaweni, emadwaleni.
Igama lohlobo luvela eFrance Chien du Saint-Bernard - inja yaseSt.Bernard futhi yamukelwa ngokuhlonipha isigodlo esinegama elifanayo, lapho basebenza khona njengabahlengikazi, abalindi, kanye nezinja ezibuthelwa empini.
AmaSt. Bernards ahlobene kakhulu nezinye izinja zasentabeni zaseSwitzerland: Inja Yezintaba ZaseBernese, Inja Enkulu Yezintaba ZaseSwitzerland, Inja Yezintaba i-Appenzeller, Inja Yentaba yase-Entlebucher.
UbuKristu baba yinkolo ehamba phambili eYurophu, futhi ukusungulwa kwamamonasteri kwathinta nezindawo ezikude njengeSwitzerland Alps. Esinye sazo kwakuyisigodlo sezindela saseSt. Bernard, esasungulwa ngo-980 yindela yendlu ka-Augustinian.
Yayitholakala kwelinye lamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu phakathi kweSwitzerland ne-Italy futhi yayingenye yemizila emifushane eya eJalimane. Namuhla lendlela ibizwa ngeGreat Saint Bernard.
Labo ababefuna ukusuka eSwitzerland baye eJalimane noma e-Italy kwakudingeka badlule ephasineni noma benze indlela enqamula e-Austria naseFrance.
Lapho kusungulwa isigodlo sezindela, le ndlela yaba ibaluleke kakhulu njengoba iNyakatho ye-Italy, iJalimane neSwitzerland behlangana bakha uMbuso Ongcwele WamaRoma.
Ngasikhathi sinye nesigodlo sezindela, ihhotela lavulwa, elakhonza labo abawela le ndlela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba iphuzu elibaluleke kunazo zonke kudlule.
Ngesinye isikhathi, izindela zaqala ukufuya izinja, ezazizithenga kubahlali bendawo. Lezi zinja zazaziwa ngokuthi yi-Mountain Dog, okuhumusha ngenja yabalimi. Uhlobo olumsulwa olusebenzayo, babekwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi. Yize zonke izinja zaseNtabeni ezisindile zinombala we-tricolor kuphela, ngaleso sikhathi zazishintshashintsha kakhulu.
Omunye wemibala kwakuyilawo esiqaphela iSt Bernard yanamuhla. Amakholi asebenzisa lezi zinja ngendlela efanayo nabalimi, kodwa kuze kube sezingeni. Akucaci ukuthi bathatha nini ukuzakhela izinja zabo, kepha lokhu kwenzeke kungakadluli u-1650.
Ubufakazi bokuqala bokuba khona kweSt. Bernards bungatholakala emdwebeni wango-1695. Kukholakala ukuthi umbhali womdwebo ngumculi wase-Italy uSalvator Rosa.
Kubonisa izinja ezinezinwele ezimfushane, umumo ojwayelekile wekhanda laseSt. Bernard nomsila omude. Lezi zinja zikhohliseka kalula futhi ziyafana nezinja zezintaba kunezaseSt. Bernards zanamuhla.
Isazi esidumile sezinja zezintaba, uSolwazi Albert Heim, silinganise izinja ezikhonjisiwe iminyaka engaba ngu-25 yomsebenzi wokuzalisa. Ngakho-ke usuku olulinganiselwe lokuvela kweSt. Bernards luphakathi kuka-1660 no-1670. Yize lezi zinombolo zingahle zingalungi, uhlobo ludala amashumi eminyaka noma amakhulu eminyaka.
Isigodlo saseSt. Bernard sisendaweni eyingozi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Abahambi bangabanjwa yisiphepho, balahleke futhi bafe ngenxa yamakhaza, noma babanjwe i-avalanche. Ukusiza labo abasenkingeni, izindela zaqala ukusebenzisa amakhono ezinja zazo.
Baqaphele ukuthi iSt. Bernards inokubukeka okungaqondakali kwama-avalanches neziphepho zeqhwa. Babebheka njengesipho esivela ngenhla, kodwa abacwaningi banamuhla bathi leli khono yikhono lezinja ukuzwa ezindaweni eziphansi nasebangeni elide.
AbakwaSt. Bernards bezwa ukuduma kwesikhukhula noma ukuhhewula kwesiphepho isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba indlebe yomuntu iqale ukubabamba. Izindela zaqala ukukhetha izinja ezinekhono elinjalo futhi zaphuma nazo ohambweni lwazo.
Kancane kancane, izindela zabona ukuthi izinja zingasetshenziswa ukuhlenga abahambi abangena enkingeni ngengozi. Akwaziwa ukuthi kwenzeke kanjani lokhu, kodwa, kungenzeka, icala lasiza. Ngemuva kwe-avalanche, iSt. Bernards yathathwa yaya eqenjini labatakuli ukuze lisize ekutholeni labo abangcwatshwe ngaphansi kweqhwa noma abalahlekile.
Izindela zaqonda ukuthi lokhu kusiza kanjani ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Imilenze engaphambili enamandla yeSt. Bernard iyayivumela ukuba yephule iqhwa ngokushesha kunefosholo, ikhulule isisulu ngesikhathi esifushane. Ukuzwa - ukuvimbela i-avalanche, nomuzwa wokuhogela ukuthola umuntu ngephunga. Futhi izindela ziqala ukuzalanisa izinja kuphela ngenxa yekhono lazo lokusindisa abantu.
Ngesinye isikhathi, amaqembu amadoda amabili noma amathathu aqala ukusebenza eGreat Saint Bernard eyedwa. Amakholi awazange ayidedele imidondoshiya, ngoba ayecabanga ukuthi leli patrol liyabakhathaza kakhulu. Leli qembu ligada indlela futhi lihlukaniswe uma kunenkinga.
Inja eyodwa ibuyela esigodlweni sezindela futhi ixwayise izindela, kuyilapho ezinye zimba isisulu. Uma umuntu osindisiwe ekwazi ukuhamba, khona-ke bamholela esigodlweni sezindela. Uma kungenjalo, bahlala naye bamgcine efudumele kuze kufike usizo. Ngeshwa, izinja eziningi ngokwazo ziyafa phakathi nale nsizakalo.
Impumelelo yamaSt. Bernards njengabahlengi inkulu kakhulu kangangokuba udumo lwawo lusakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Kwakungenxa yemisebenzi yokuhlenga ukuthi baphenduke ezinhlotsheni zabomdabu baba yinja umhlaba wonke owaziyo. ISt. Bernard edume kakhulu kwakunguBarry der Menschenretter (1800-1814).
Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, wasindisa okungenani abantu abangama-40, kodwa indaba yakhe ihlanganiswe izinganekwane nezinganekwane. Isibonelo, insumansumane isabalele yokuthi wafa ezama ukusindisa isosha elalimbozwe yi-avalanche. Eseyimbile, wayikhotha ebusweni njengoba wayefundisiwe. Isosha lamcabanga njengempisi futhi lamshaya ngensabula, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho wafa uBarry.
Kodwa-ke, lena inganekwane, njengoba waphila impilo ephelele futhi wachitha ukuguga kwakhe esigodlweni sezindela. Umzimba wakhe wanikezwa iBerne Museum of Natural History, lapho isagcinwa khona. Isikhathi eside lo mhlobo waqanjwa ngaye, uBarry noma u-Alpine Mastiff.
Ubusika bango-1816, 1817, 1818 babukhali ngendlela eyisimanga kanti iSt. Bernards yayisengcupheni yokuqothulwa. Amarekhodi emibhalo yezindela akhombisa ukuthi izindela ziphendukele ezigodini ezingomakhelwane ukugcwalisa inani lezinja ezifile.
Kuthiwa kwakusetshenziswa nama-Mastiffs amaNgisi, izinja zasePyrenean zezintaba noma amaGreat Danes, kepha ngaphandle kobufakazi. Ekuqaleni kuka-1830, kwakukhona imizamo yokuwela iSt. Bernard neNewfoundland, nayo enesifiso esikhulu sokutakula. Kwakukholelwa ukuthi izinja ezinezinwele ezimahhadla futhi ezinde zazizokwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zezulu ezinzima.
Kepha, konke kwaphenduka inhlekelele, njengoba izinwele ezinde zagodola futhi zambozwa ama-icicles. Izinja zakhathala, zaba buthakathaka futhi zafa kaningi. Amakholi asusa iSt Bernards esinezinwele ezinde futhi aqhubeka nokusebenza nalabo abanezinwele ezimfishane.
Kepha, lezi zinja azinyamalalanga, kepha zaqala ukusabalala kulo lonke elaseSwitzerland. Incwadi yokuqala yezinkomo egcinwe ngaphandle kwezindela yakhiwa nguHeinrich Schumacher. Kusukela ngo-1855, uSchumacher ubelokhu egcina izincwadi zeSt. Bernards futhi enza indinganiso yokuzalanisa.
USchumacher, kanye nabanye abalimi, bazama ukugcina indinganiso isondele ngangokunokwenzeka ekubukeni kwezinja zokuqala zesigodlo saseSt. Bernard. Ngo-1883 iSwitzerland Kennel Club yadalelwa ukuvikela nokwandisa lolu hlobo, kwathi ngo-1884 lanyathelisa izinga lokuqala. Kusukela kulo nyaka, iSt. Bernard iyinhlobo kazwelonke yaseSwitzerland.
Ngesinye isikhathi, isithombe sale nja sifakwa umgqomo omncane entanyeni, lapho i-cognac isetshenziselwa ukufudumeza amaqhwa. Izindela zayiphikisa ngesihluku le nsumansumane futhi zayisho ku-Edward Lansdeer, umculi owadweba umgqomo. Noma kunjalo, lesi sithombe sesigxilile futhi namuhla abaningi bamele iSt. Bernards ngaleyo ndlela.
Ngenxa yodumo lukaBarry, abaseBrithani baqala ukungenisa iSt Bernards ngo-1820. Babiza izinja ngokuthi ama-Alpine Mastiffs bese beqala ukuziwela nama-Mastiffs amaNgisi, ngoba abanasidingo sezinja zasentabeni.
INew St Bernards inkulu kakhulu, inesakhiwo se-brachycephalic sogebhezi, sikhulu impela. Ngesikhathi sokudalwa kweSwitzerland Kennel Club, amaNgisi iSt. Bernards ahluke kakhulu futhi kubo indinganiso ehluke ngokuphelele. Phakathi kwabalandeli bohlanga, impikiswano iyaqubuka ukuthi iluphi uhlobo olulungile.
Ngo-1886 kwabanjwa ingqungquthela eBrussels ngalolu daba, kodwa kwanqunywa lutho. Ngonyaka olandelayo, kwabanjelwa enye eZurich futhi kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthi indinganiso yaseSwitzerland izosetshenziswa kuwo wonke amazwe ngaphandle kwase-UK.
Phakathi nekhulu lama-20, iSt. Bernards yayiwuhlobo oludumile futhi olwaziwayo, kepha hhayi olujwayelekile. Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-2000, iSwitzerland Kennel Club yashintsha indinganiso yokuzalanisa, yayivumelanisa nawo wonke amazwe. Kodwa akuzona zonke izinhlangano ezivumelana naye. Ngenxa yalokho, namuhla kunamazinga amane: iSwitzerland Club, iFederal Cynologique Internationale, i-AKC / SBCA, iKennel Club.
ISt. Bernards yanamuhla, ngisho nalezo ezinamathela ezindinganisweni zakudala, zehluke kakhulu kulezo zinja ezazisindisa abantu kudlula. Zikhudlwana futhi zifana nama-mastiffs, kunezinhlobo ezimbili: izinwele ezimfishane nezinwele ezinde.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, lolu hlobo lusagcina ingxenye ebalulekile yezimfanelo zalo zokusebenza. Bazikhombisile ukuthi bayizinja zokwelapha ezinhle kakhulu, njengoba imvelo yabo imnene kakhulu. Kepha, noma kunjalo, iningi lalezi zinja lingabangane. Kulabo abakulungele ukugcina inja enkulu kangaka, lokhu kungumngane omkhulu, kepha abaningi badlulisa amandla abo ngokweqile.
Usayizi omkhulu weSt. Bernard ulinganisela inani labangaba ngabanikazi, kepha noma kunjalo abantu bazinzile futhi bayathandwa ngabalimi abaningi bezinja.
Incazelo yohlobo
Ngenxa yokuthi iSt Bernards ivame ukuvela kumafilimu nemibukiso, lolu hlobo lubonakala kalula. Eqinisweni, ingenye yezinhlobo ezibonakala kakhulu ngenxa yobukhulu nombala wayo.
ISt. Bernards inkulu impela, abesilisa ababunayo bafinyelela ku-70-90 cm futhi bangaba nesisindo esingu-65-120 kg.
Ama-Bitches mancane, kepha ama-65-80 cm afanayo futhi anesisindo okungenani esingu-70 kg. Aminyene ncamashi, makhulu futhi anamathambo amakhulu kakhulu.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezingafinyelela kulesi sisindo, kepha ngokuya ngobukhulu, zonke zingaphansi kweSt. Bernard.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaningi amaSt. Bernards nawo anesisindo esingaphezu kwesichazwe ezingeni lokufuya.
Intombazane encane kunazo zonke yaseSt. Bernard inesisindo esivela ku-50 kg, kepha isisindo esilinganayo senja esikhulile sisuka kuma-65 kuye kuma-75 kg. Futhi abesilisa abanesisindo esingaphezu kwama-95 kg bakude kakhulu, kepha iningi labo likhuluphele. ISt. Bernard esithuthuke kahle izuza isisindo hhayi kumafutha, kodwa emathanjeni nasemisipheni.
Umzimba wakhe, yize ubufihlwe ngaphansi kwejazi, unemisipha kakhulu. Imvamisa ziwuhlobo lwesikwele, kepha eziningi zinde kancane ukude. I-ribcage ijule kakhulu futhi ibanzi, umsila mude futhi ujiyile ezansi, kepha unyathela ngasekupheleni.
Ikhanda lihlala entanyeni ewugqinsi, ngohlobo olufana nenhloko ye-mastiff yesiNgisi: enkulu, eyisikwele, enamandla.
Isifonyo siyisicaba, isitobhi sivezwe kahle. Yize ugebhezi luyi-brachycephalic, isifonyo asifinyezi futhi sibanzi njengakwezinye izinhlobo. Izindebe ezi-Saggy zakha izindiza namathe avame ukuconsa kuzo.
Kukhona imibimbi ebusweni, kepha ayenzi amafolda ajulile. Ikhala likhulu, libanzi, futhi limnyama. Amehlo alolu hlobo atholakala ejulile kogebhezi, okwenza abanye bathi inja ibukeka njengomuntu ongumgede. Amehlo ngokwawo kufanele abe nosayizi ophakathi nendawo abe nsundu ngombala. Izindlebe ezilengayo.
Isisho esijwayelekile sesifonyo siqukethe ukungathí sina nobuhlakani, kanye nobungani nemfudumalo.
ISt. Bernards inezinwele ezimfishane nezinwele ezinde, futhi ziyaxubana kalula futhi zivame ukuzalwa kudoti ofanayo. Banengubo ephindwe kabili, enengubo yangaphansi eminyene, ethambile, ejiyile evikela emakhazeni. Ihembe langaphandle linoboya obude, obugqinsi futhi obukhulu.
Kufanele inikeze ukuvikelwa kwenja emakhazeni, kepha ingabi lukhuni. Kuzo zombili izinhlobonhlobo, ijazi kufanele liqonde, kepha ukuvama okuncane ngemuva kwezinyawo kuyamukeleka.
AmaSaint Bernards anezinwele ezinde abonakala kakhulu ngenxa yefilimu yeBeethoven.
Ijazi labo lilingana ngobude emzimbeni wonke, ngaphandle kwezindlebe, intamo, emuva, imilenze, isifuba, isifuba esingezansi, emuva kwemilenze nomsila, lapho side khona.
Kukhona umhlwenga omncane esifubeni nasentanyeni. Kokubili ukuhluka kuvela ngemibala emibili: okubomvu nokumakwa okumhlophe noma okumhlophe okunomaka obomvu.
Uhlamvu
ISt Bernards idume ngemvelo yayo emnene, iningi lazo lihlala limnene noma ngabe liseminyakeni ehloniphekile. Izinja ezindala ziphikelela kakhulu futhi akuvamile ukuthi zishintshe imizwa ngokungazelelwe.
Badume ngothando lwabo olumangalisayo ngomndeni nomnikazi, baba ngamalungu omndeni wangempela futhi iningi labanikazi baseSaint Bernard bathi abanabo ubungane obuseduze kangako nolunye uhlobo. Kodwa-ke, nazo zibonakala ngokuzimela, akuzona amaswidi.
Ngokwemvelo, iSt Bernards inobungane kuwo wonke umuntu abahlangana naye futhi izinja ezifuywe kahle zinjalo nje. Bazophakamisa umsila wabo babhekise kumuntu abangamazi bese bembingelela ngenjabulo.
Eminye imigqa inamahloni noma inamahloni, kepha ayikaze ibe nolaka futhi. ISaint Bernards iyabheka, inezikhonkwane ezijulile futhi ingaba yizinja ezinhle zokuqapha. Kepha abekho abalindi, ngoba abanalo nokuncane uphawu lwezimfanelo ezidingekayo kulokhu.
Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile kulo mthetho kulapho uSt Bernard ohlakaniphile futhi onozwela ebona ukuthi umndeni wakhe usengozini. Akasoze akuvumela.
AmaSt. Bernards mahle ngezingane, kubonakala sengathi ayabuqonda ubuthakathaka bawo futhi azithande ngendlela emangalisayo. Kepha, kubalulekile ukufundisa ingane indlela yokuphatha inja, njengoba bethanda ukuhlukumeza ukubekezela kweSt. Bernard.
Zijwayele ukusebenza nezinye izinja futhi kuyaqabukela kakhulu ukuthi kube nezinkinga phakathi kwazo. Kukhona ukuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane zobulili obufanayo, okuyisici sama-molossians. Kepha iningi laseSaint Bernards liyajabula ukwabelana ngempilo nezinye izinja, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zazo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi umnikazi afundiswe ukubekezelela ngomoya ophansi ulaka oluvela kwezinye izinja, njengoba ulaka lokuziphindisela lungaba lubi kakhulu futhi luholele ekulimaleni kanzima. Isimo sengqondo ngezinye izilwane sizolile kakhulu, abanaso isifiso sokuzingela futhi bashiya amakati wodwa.
ISt. Bernards iqeqeshwe kahle, kepha le nqubo kufanele iqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Bangabafundi abasheshayo, abahlakaniphile, abazama ukujabulisa futhi bayakwazi ukwenza amaqhinga anzima, ikakhulukazi lawo ahlobene nokusesha nokutakula. Umnikazi wesiguli uzothola inja ezolile futhi elawulwayo.
Kepha, abaphili ukwanelisa umphathi. Ukuzimela, bakhetha ukwenza lokho abakubona kufanelekile. Akukona ukuthi banenkani, kungenxa yokuthi uma bengafuni ukwenza okuthile, ngeke. ISt. Bernards iphendula kangcono kakhulu ekuqeqesheni okuhle kokuqinisa kunezindlela ezinzima.
Lesi sici sanda kuphela ngobudala. Lokhu akusiyo inzalo evelele, kepha bazolalela kuphela lowo abamhloniphayo.
Abanikazi baseSt Bernard kumele babagade futhi babaqondise ngaso sonke isikhathi, njengoba izinja ezingalawuleki ezinesisindo esingaphansi kuka-100 kg zingadala izinkinga.
ISt Bernards idinga izinga elijwayelekile lomsebenzi ukuze ihlale iphilile.
Ukuhamba okude nsuku zonke kuyadingeka impela, ngaphandle kwalokho inja izobhoreka futhi ingalimaza. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi wabo usemthanjeni ofanayo nayo yonke impilo, uhamba kancane futhi uzolile.
Bangakwazi ukuhamba amahora amaningi, kodwa bagijime kuphela imizuzu embalwa. Uma iSt Bernard inyuka, khona-ke ekhaya uzolile ngokumangalisayo nangokuthula. Kungcono ukuthi bahlale endlini yangasese, kepha yize benosayizi omkhulu, bangahlala efulethini. Bathanda ukuzivocavoca okulayishayo hhayi umzimba kuphela, kepha nekhanda, isibonelo, ubugagu.
Ngaphezu kwakho konke bathanda ukudlala eqhweni ... Abanikazi kudingeka baqaphele ngokudlala futhi basebenze ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla ngenxa yokuthambekela kohlobo lwevolvulus.
Abanikazi abangaba khona kudingeka baqonde ukuthi lezi zinja azihlanzekile kunazo zonke. Bathanda ukugijima odakeni naseqhweni, bakuthathe konke bakulethe ekhaya. Ngenxa yobukhulu bazo, bayakwazi ukudala ukungcola okukhulu. Le ngenye yezinja ezinkulu kakhulu nokugeleza kwamathe. Zishiya imfucuza eningi ezizungezile lapho zidla, futhi zingahayiza kakhulu lapho zilele.
Ukunakekela
Ijazi leSaint Bernard lidinga ukunakekelwa okuhle. Lokhu okungenani imizuzu eyi-15 nsuku zonke, kanye nokugeza kwenja ngezikhathi ezithile. Abanezinwele ezimfushane badinga ukuzilungisa okuncane, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuwashwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukujwayela zonke izinqubo kusenesikhathi, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukuthola inja enesisindo esifinyelela ku-100 kg ukwenza okuthile.
ISaint Bernards ichitha futhi ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunoboya obuningi. Kabili ngonyaka bachitha kakhulu futhi ngalesi sikhathi ukunakekelwa kufanele kube kukhulu kakhulu.
Ezempilo
Ngaphandle kobuhlungu ikakhulukazi, iSt Bernards, njengezinja zonke ezinkulu, ihlushwa izifo ezithile futhi ayiphili isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bane-pool encane, okusho ukuthi izifo zofuzo zivamile.
Isikhathi sokuphila seSt. Bernard sineminyaka eyi-8-10 futhi bambalwa kakhulu abaphila isikhathi eside.
Okuvame kakhulu kuzo izifo zohlelo lwe-musculoskeletal. Lezi yizinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-dysplasia ne-arthritis. Inkinga ebucayi kakhulu ingaba ngamathambo namalunga angalungile ngesikhathi sobuntwana, okuholele ezinkingeni njengomuntu omdala.
Ezinye zalezi zinkinga ziyelapheka noma ziyagwenywa, kepha udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ukwelapha inja enkulu kangaka kubiza ngokweqile.
Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emazingeni okushisa angaphakathi nangaphandle. Njengoba izalelwe ukusebenza endaweni ebandayo yase-Alps, lolu hlobo luzwela kakhulu ekushiseni ngokweqile.
Ngesikhathi sokushisa, inja akufanele ilayishwe, ukuhamba kufanele kube kufushane, futhi ekhaya kudingeka indawo epholile lapho inja ingaphola khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhamba okusheshayo kusuka ekushiseni kuya emakhazeni nakho akufuneki.
