Enye yezinhlekelele ezinkulu kwezemvelo zokuqala kwekhulu lama-21 ukuqhuma kwesikhungo samandla enuzi iFukushima 1 ngoMashi 2011. Esikalini semicimbi yenuzi, le ngozi yemisebe ingeyaphezulu kakhulu - izinga lesikhombisa. Isikhungo samandla enuzi savalwa ekupheleni konyaka we-2013, futhi kuze kube namuhla, umsebenzi uyaqhubeka lapho ukuqeda imiphumela yengozi, ezothatha okungenani iminyaka engama-40.
Izimbangela zengozi yaseFukushima
Ngokwe-version esemthethweni, imbangela enkulu yengozi kwakuwukuzamazama komhlaba okwadala i-tsunami. Ngenxa yalokho, amandla kagesi aphuma ngendlela, okwaholela ekuphazanyisweni kokusebenza kwazo zonke izinhlelo zokupholisa, kufaka phakathi ezimo eziphuthumayo, umnyombo wamandla ophendulayo wamayunithi asebenza ngamandla ancibilika (1, 2 no-3).
Lapho nje izinhlelo zokusekelayo zehluleka, umnikazi wesikhungo samandla enuzi wazisa uhulumeni waseJapan ngalesi sehlakalo, ngakho-ke amayunithi angomahamba nendlwana athunyelwa ngokushesha ukuzongena esikhundleni sezinhlelo ezingasebenzi. Kwaqala ukwakheka umusi futhi kwanda ingcindezi, kwakhishelwa ukushisa emkhathini. Kwelinye lamayunithi wamandla esiteshini, ukuqhuma kokuqala kwenzeka, izakhiwo zikakhonkolo zawa, izinga lemisebe lenyuka emkhathini ngemizuzu nje embalwa.
Esinye sezizathu zale nhlekelele ukubekwa esiteshini kungaphumelelanga. Kwakungekhona ukuhlakanipha okukhulu ukwakha isizinda samandla enuzi eduze kwamanzi. Ngokuqondene nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo uqobo, onjiniyela kwakudingeka babheke ukuthi kule ndawo kukhona ama-tsunami nokuzamazama komhlaba, okungaholela enhlekeleleni. Futhi, abanye bathi isizathu kungumsebenzi ongafanele wabaphathi nabasebenzi baseFukushima, okuwukuthi ama-generator aphuthumayo ayesesimweni esingesihle, ngakho-ke aphuma enkambisweni.
Imiphumela yenhlekelele
Ukuqhuma eFukushima kuyinhlekelele emhlabeni jikelele emhlabeni jikelele. Imiphumela emikhulu yengozi esitshalweni samandla enuzi imi kanjena:
inani lezisulu ezingabantu - ngaphezulu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-1.6, ezilahlekile - cishe abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-20;
abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-300 bashiye amakhaya abo ngenxa yokuvezwa yimisebe nokucekelwa phansi kwezindlu;
ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, ukufa kwezitshalo nezilwane endaweni yesikhungo samandla enuzi;
ukulimala kwezezimali - ngaphezulu kwama- $ 46 billion, kepha eminyakeni edlule inani lizokwanda kuphela;
isimo sezepolitiki eJapan siba sibi kakhulu.
Ngenxa yengozi eyenzeke eFukushima, abantu abaningi abalahlekelwanga uphahla kuphela phezu kwamakhanda abo nempahla yabo, kodwa futhi balahlekelwe ngabathandekayo babo, izimpilo zabo zikhubazekile. Kakade abanalutho oluzolahleka, ngakho-ke babamba iqhaza ekuqedeni imiphumela yenhlekelele.
Imibhikisho
Kube nemibhikisho emikhulu emazweni amaningi, ikakhulukazi eJapan. Abantu bafuna ukuyeka ukusetshenziswa kukagesi we-athomu. Ukuvuselelwa okusebenzayo kwama-reactor aphelelwe yisikhathi nokwakhiwa kwamasha kwaqala. Manje iFukushima ibizwa ngeChernobyl yesibili. Mhlawumbe le nhlekelele izofundisa abantu okuthile. Kuyadingeka ukuvikela imvelo nezimpilo zabantu, zibaluleke kakhulu kunenzuzo evela ekusebenzeni kwesikhungo samandla enuzi.
