IGalapagos (i-Chelonoidis elephantopus) - omele isigaba sezilwane ezihuquzelayo, ufudu lwasemhlabeni olukhulu kakhulu olukhona ngalesi sikhathi emhlabeni, olwaziwa nangokuthi indlovu. Kuphela isihlobo sayo sasolwandle, ufudu lwe-leatherback, olungancintisana nalo. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabantu kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, inani lalezi ziqhwaga lehle kakhulu, futhi bathathwa njengezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa.
Incazelo
Ufudu lwaseGalapagos lumangaza wonke umuntu ngosayizi walo, ngoba ukubona ufudu olunesisindo esingama-300 kg futhi okungafika ku-1 m ukuphakama kufanelekile kakhulu, kuphela igobolondo lalo elilodwa elifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5 ububanzi. Intamo yakhe mude ngokuqhathaniswa futhi mncane, futhi ikhanda lakhe lincane futhi liyindilinga, amehlo akhe amnyama futhi ahlukaniswe eduze.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zofudu, ezinemilenze emifushane kakhulu kangangokuba kufanele zikhase esiswini sazo, ufudu lwendlovu lunezitho ezinde ezinde, ezimbozwe ngesikhumba esimnyama esimnyama esifana nezikali, izinyawo zigcina ngezinzwani ezincane ezifushane. Kukhona nomsila - kwabesilisa mude kunabesifazane. Ukuzwa kuthuthukile, ngakho-ke basabela kabi ekusondeleni kwezitha.
Ososayensi bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ze-morpho:
- ngegobolondo elibusayo;
- ngegobolondo lesali.
Ngokwemvelo, umehluko wonke lapha usesimweni salelo gobolondo uqobo. Kokunye, ikhuphuka ngaphezu komzimba ngesimo se-arch, kuthi kowesibili isondele entanyeni, indlela yokuvikelwa kwemvelo incike kuphela emvelweni.
Indawo yokuhlala
Izwe lezimfudu zaseGalapagos ngokwemvelo iziQhingi zaseGalapagos, ezigezwa ngamanzi oLwandlekazi iPacific, igama lawo lihunyushwa ngokuthi "Isiqhingi sezimfudu." Futhi iGalapagos ingatholakala olwandle i-Indian - esiqhingini sase-Aldabra, kepha lapho lezi zilwane azifinyeleli osayizi abakhulu.
Izimfudu zaseGalapagos kufanele ziphile ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu - ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo eziqhingini kukhona uhlaza oluncane kakhulu. Ngokuhlala kwabo, bakhetha izindawo eziphansi nezikhala ezigcwele izihlahla, bathanda ukucasha ezihlahleni ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Ama-giants akhetha izindawo zokugeza zodaka kunezinqubo zamanzi; ngalokhu, lezi zidalwa ezinhle zibheka izimbobo ezinomswakama oketshezi kanye nomgodi lapho nomzimba wazo wonke ongezansi.
Izici nendlela yokuphila
Konke ukukhanya kwemini, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zicasha emahlathini futhi cishe azishiyi izindawo zazo zokuhlala. Kuphela kusihlwa baphuma bayozulazula. Ebumnyameni, izimfudu azinakuzisiza, njengoba ukuzwa nokubona kwazo kunciphe ngokuphelele.
Ngesikhathi semvula noma isomiso, izimfudu zaseGalapagos zingahamba zisuka kwenye indawo ziye kwenye. Ngalesi sikhathi, abantu abaningi abazimele babuthana ngamaqembu abantu abangu-20-30, kodwa eqenjini abanakho ukuxhumana okuncane futhi bahlala ngokwehlukana. Abazalwane babathakazelisa kuphela ngenkathi yesikhuni.
Isikhathi sabo sokukhwela siwela ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo, ukubekwa kwamaqanda - ehlobo. Ngendlela, igama lesibili lalezi zilwane ezilahliwe lavela ngenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi kuseshwa isigamu sesibili, abesilisa bakhipha imisindo ethile yesibeletho, efana nokubhonga kwendlovu. Ukuze athole okhethiweyo wakhe, owesilisa uyamhlama ngawo wonke amandla akhe ngegobolondo lakhe, futhi uma lokho kungabi namphumela, ubuye amlume emakhanda kuze kube yilapho intokazi yenhliziyo ilala phansi idonsa izitho zayo, ngaleyo ndlela ivule ukufinyelela umzimba wakho.
Izimfudu zezindlovu zizalela amaqanda azo emigodini eyembiwe ngokukhethekile, ku-clutch eyodwa kungaba namaqanda afinyelela kwangu-20 alingana nebhola lethenisi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, izimfudu zingazala kabili ngonyaka. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-100-120, amawundlu okuqala aqala ukuphuma emaqandeni, ngemuva kokuzalwa, isisindo sawo asidluli amagremu angama-80. Izilwane ezisencane zifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi zineminyaka engama-20-25, kepha ukukhula okude kangako akuyona inkinga, ngoba isikhathi sokuphila semidondoshiya yiminyaka eyi-100-122.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Izimfudu zezindlovu zondla kuphela ngomsuka wezitshalo, zidla noma yiziphi izitshalo ezingafinyelela kuzo. Ngisho nemifino enobuthi futhi ehlabayo iyadliwa. IManchinella ne-prickly pear cactus bathandwa kakhulu ekudleni, ngoba ngaphezu kwezakhamzimba, izilwane ezihuquzelayo nazo zithola umswakama kuzo. AmaGalapagos awanamazinyo; aluma amahlumela futhi ashiye ngosizo lwemihlathi ekhonjiwe, efana nomese.
Umbuso wokuphuza owanele walezi zidlakela ubalulekile. Bangachitha imizuzu engafika kwengu-45 nsuku zonke ukubuyisa ibhalansi yamanzi emzimbeni.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Izakhamuzi zaseCairo Zoo - ufudu okuthiwa uSamira nomyeni wakhe - babebhekwa njengesibindi eside phakathi kwezimfudu zaseGalapagos. Owesifazane washona eneminyaka engama-315, kanti owesilisa akazange afinyelele eminyakeni engama-400 yeminyaka embalwa nje.
- Ngemuva kokuba amatilosi ethole iziQhingi zaseGalapagos ngekhulu le-17, aqala ukusebenzisa izimfudu zasendaweni ukudla. Njengoba lezi zilwane ezibabazekayo zingakwazi ukungadli namanzi izinyanga ezimbalwa, amatilosi avele azithoba ezinqolobaneni zemikhumbi yawo futhi adle lapho kudingeka. Emakhulwini amabili nje eminyaka, ngakho-ke, kwabhujiswa izimfudu eziyizigidi eziyishumi.
