Ngokuhamba kwezinqubo zamakhemikhali nezomzimba ku-biosphere yomhlaba, umjikelezo wekhabhoni (C) uqhubeka njalo. Le nto iyinto ebalulekile yazo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Ama-athomu ekhabhoni ahlala ejikeleza ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zeplanethi yethu. Ngakho-ke, umjikelezo weCarboniferous ukhombisa amandla okuphila eMhlabeni wonkana.
Usebenza kanjani umjikelezo wekhabhoni
Iningi lekhabhoni litholakala emkhathini, okuyisimo sesikhutha. Imvelo yasemanzini nayo iqukethe isikhutha. Ngasikhathi sinye, njengoba umjikelezo wamanzi nomoya kwenzeka emvelweni, ukusakazwa kuka-C kwenzeka emvelweni. Ngokuqondene ne-carbon dioxide, imuncwa izitshalo ezivela emkhathini. Bese kwenzeka i-photosynthesis, ngemuva kwalokho kwakheka izinto ezahlukahlukene, ezibandakanya ikhabhoni. Inani eliphelele lekhabhoni lihlukaniswe laba izingxenye:
- inani elithile lihlala ekwakhekeni kwama-molecule ezitshalo, abekhona kuzo kuze kube yilapho kufa umuthi, imbali noma utshani;
- ngokuhlangana nezimbali, ikhabhoni ingena emzimbeni wezilwane lapho zidla uhlaza, kuthi lapho ziphefumula zikhiphe i-CO2;
- lapho izidla-nyama zidla izilwane ezidla imifino, khona-ke uC ungena emzimbeni wezilwane ezidliwayo, bese ukhishwa ngohlelo lokuphefumula;
- Enye ikhabhoni esele ezitshalweni ingena enhlabathini lapho ifa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ikhabhoni ihlangana nama-athomu ezinye izinto, futhi ngokubambisana zibamba iqhaza ekwakheni amaminerali kaphethiloli afana namalahle.
Umdwebo womjikelezo weCarbon
Lapho i-carbon dioxide ingena endaweni yasemanzini, iyahwamuka futhi ingene emkhathini, ibambe iqhaza kumjikelezo wamanzi emvelweni. Ingxenye yekhabhoni imuncwa izitshalo zasolwandle nezilwane, kuthi lapho zifa, ikhabhoni iqoqane ezansi nendawo yamanzi kanye nezinsalela zezitshalo nezilwane. Ingxenye ebalulekile ye-C iyancibilika emanzini. Uma i-carbon iyingxenye yamatshe, uphethiloli noma i-sedimentary, khona-ke le ngxenye ilahlekile emkhathini.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ikhabhoni ingena emoyeni ngenxa yokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, lapho izidalwa eziphilayo ziphefumula isikhutha kanye nokukhishwa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene lapho kushiswa uphethiloli. Mayelana nalokhu, ososayensi manje sebesungule ukuthi inani elingaphezulu kwe-CO2 liqoqeka emoyeni, okuholela kumphumela wokushisa. Okwamanje, ukugcwala kwale nhlanganisela kungcolisa kakhulu umoya, kuthinta kabi imvelo yomhlaba wonke.
Ividiyo yeCarbon Cycle efundisayo
Ngakho-ke, ikhabhoni yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emvelweni futhi ibamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni eziningi. Isimo saso sincike ebuningini bayo egobolondweni elithile loMhlaba. Ukweqisa kwekhabhoni kungaholela ekungcolisweni kwemvelo.
