Isifundazwe esikhulu kunazo zonke e-Asia yiChina. Ngendawo eyi-9.6 km2, ingeyesibili kuphela eRussia naseCanada, isendaweni yesithathu ehloniphekile. Akumangazi ukuthi insimu enjalo inikezwe amandla amakhulu kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zamaminerali. Namuhla, iChina ihamba phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwayo, ekukhiqizweni nasekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe.
Amaminerali
Kuze kube manje, izinsalela zezinhlobo zamaminerali ezingaphezu kwezingu-150 sezihloliwe. Umbuso uzimise endaweni yesine emhlabeni ngokwamanani omhlaba ongaphansi. Izwe eligxile kakhulu kuzimayini zamalahle, izinsimbi nethusi, i-bauxite, i-antimony ne-molybdenum. Okuqhelelene nentshisekelo yezintshisakalo zezimboni ukuthuthukiswa kukathayela, i-mercury, i-lead, i-manganese, i-magnetite, i-uranium, i-zinc, i-vanadium ne-phosphate rock.
Imali yamalahle yaseChina itholakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga. Ngokwezibalo zokuqala, inani lazo lifinyelela kumathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-330. I-iron ore yimbiwe ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, eningizimu-ntshonalanga nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe. Izinqolobane zayo ezihloliwe zifinyelela kumathani angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-20.
I-China nayo ihlinzekwa kahle ngo-oyela negesi yemvelo. Idiphozithi yabo itholakala ezweni nezwe.
Namuhla iChina ihamba phambili ezikhundleni eziningi, futhi nokukhiqizwa kwegolide bekungafani. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ezimbili, ukwazile ukudlula iNingizimu Afrika. Ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe embonini yezimayini kuleli kuholele ekwakhiweni kwabadlali abakhulu, abasezingeni eliphezulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngonyaka wezi-2015, ukukhiqizwa kwegolide lakuleli kucishe kwaphindeka kabili eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kuya kumathani emethrikhi angama-360.
Izinsiza zomhlaba nezamahlathi
Ngenxa yokungenelela kwabantu nokufudukela kwabantu emadolobheni, namuhla izindawo zasehlathini zaseChina zihlala ngaphansi kuka-10% wendawo ephelele yezwe. Khonamanjalo, lawa ngamahlathi amakhulu enyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina, iziQhingi ZaseQinling, Ugwadule iTaklamakan, ihlathi lokuqala laseningizimu-mpumalanga yeTibet, Izintaba ZaseShennonjia esifundazweni saseHubei, Izintaba zaseHenduang, iHainan Rainforest kanye nemihlume yoSouth China Sea. Lawa angamahlathi aqinile futhi aqinile. Kaningi kunezinye, ungathola lapha: i-larch, i-ligature, i-oki, i-birch, i-willow, umsedari ne-Chinese ash pan. I-Sandalwood, i-camphor, i-nanmu ne-padauk, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izitshalo zasebukhosini", zikhula emithambekeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yezintaba zaseChina.
Kungatholakala ama-biomes angaphezu kwama-5 000 emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo aseningizimu yezwe. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezingavamile kakhulu.
Ukuvuna
Amahektha omhlaba angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-130 atshaliwe eChina namuhla. Umhlabathi omnyama ovundile waseNyakatho-mpumalanga Plain, onendawo engaphezu kuka-350,000 km2, uthela isivuno esihle sikakolweni, ummbila, ubhontshisi, amabele, ifilakisi noshukela. Ukolweni, ummbila, amabele kanye nokotini kutshalwa emhlabathini ojulile onsundu emathafeni asenyakatho neChina.
Indawo eyisicaba ye-Middle Lower Yangtze namachibi amaningi nemifula emincane kudala izimo ezikahle zokutshalwa kwelayisi nezinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile, yingakho kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "umhlaba wezinhlanzi nelayisi". Le ndawo ikhiqiza nenqwaba yetiye nezikelemu zikasilika.
Izwe elibomvu leSishuan Basin elifudumele futhi linomswakama liluhlaza unyaka wonke. Ilayisi, ukudlwengulwa nomoba nakho kuyalinywa lapha. La mazwe abizwa ngokuthi "umhlaba wenala". I-Pearl River Delta igcwele ilayisi, ivunwa ama-2-3 ngonyaka.
Amadlelo eChina ahlanganisa indawo engamahektha ayizigidi ezingama-400, enobude obungaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-3000 ukusuka enyakatho-mpumalanga kuya eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Lezi yizikhungo zemfuyo. Indawo ebizwa ngokuthi yasesigodini saseMongolia iyidlelo lemvelo elikhulu kunawo wonke endaweni kahulumeni, futhi iyisikhungo sokuzalela amahhashi, izinkomo nezimvu.
Umhlaba olinyiwe, amahlathi kanye nezimfunda zaseChina ziphakathi kwezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni ngokwendawo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokugcwala kwabantu ezweni, inani lomhlaba olinyiwe ngomuntu oyedwa kuphela ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zesilinganiso somhlaba.
