Idada elibhekene namakhwela amhlophe (Dendrocygna viduata) - elomndeni wedada, i-oda le-Anseriformes.
Ukusakazwa kwedada elibhekene nomhlophe elishaya umlozi.
Idada elibetha umlozi elinobuso obumhlophe litholakala e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara kanye naseningizimu yeNingizimu Melika. Le ndawo ihlanganisa i-Angola, i-Antigua neBarbuda, i-Argentina, i-Aruba, iBarbados, iBenin, iBolivia, iBotswana, iBrazil. Futhi neBurkina Faso, iBurundi, iCameroon, iThadi, iColombia; EComoros, eCongo, eCote d'Ivoire. Lenhlobo ihlala e-Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana. Kutholakala eGuadeloupe, eGuinea, eGuinea-Bissau, eGuyana, eHaiti, eKenya. Izinhlobo zaseLiberia, eLesotho, eMauritius, eMadagascar, eMali, eMalawi, eMartinique, eMauritania.
Idada nalo lihlala eMozambique, eNamibia, eNicaragua, eNiger, eNigeria, eParaguay, ePeru, eRwanda. Futhi naseSanta Lucia, eSaint Vincent naseGrenadines. Ngokuqhubekayo eSenegal, eSierra Leone, eSomalia, eSudan, eSuriname, eSwaziland, eTanzania. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimu yokusatshalaliswa ifaka iTrinidad, Togo, Uganda, Tobago, Uruguay. Futhi iVenezuela, iZambia, iZimbabwe, iCuba, iDominica. Lezi zinhlobo zinezabelo ezithile ezihlukanisayo e-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika. Kukhona ukuqagela ukuthi la madada asakaze ezindaweni ezintsha emhlabeni wonke ngabantu.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zedada elibhekene nomlozi elimhlophe.
Idada elinekhwelo elibhekene nomhlophe linomlomo omude ompunga, ikhanda elihlangene, nemilenze emide. Ubuso nomqhele kumhlophe, emuva kwekhanda kumnyama. Kwabanye abantu, izimpaphe ezimnyama zimboza cishe lonke ikhanda.
Lezi zinhlobo zivame ukutholakala emazweni aseNtshonalanga Afrika njengaseNigeria, lapho imvula iba ningi futhi nenkathi yesomiso imfushane. Ingemuva namaphiko kunsundu emnyama noma mnyama. Ingaphansi lomzimba nalo limnyama, yize kunamachashazi amhlophe amancane ezinhlangothini. Intamo imnyama nsundu. Umbala wezimpaphe zabantu bobulili obuhlukile ucishe ufane. Izinyoni ezisencane zinephethini engafani kakhulu ekhanda.
Lalela izwi ledada elinekhwelo elibhekene nomhlophe
Izwi le-Dendrocygna viduata
Indawo okuhlala kuyo idada elibhekene nomlozi omhlophe.
Amadada abhekene namakhwela amhlophe ahlala ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi ezinamanzi ahlanzekile, kufaka phakathi amachibi, amaxhaphozi, izindonga zemifula emikhulu, imilomo yemifula yamanzi amnkantsha, amachibi, izikhukhula, amadamu. Kuvame ukutholakala kumadamu anamanzi endle, amachweba, amasimu elayisi. Zithanda izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi ezindaweni ezivulekile, noma ngabe zihlala emanzini amasha noma anama-brackish ezindaweni ezinamapulangwe amaningi aseNingizimu Melika, ecebile ngodaka. Bachitha ubusuku bonke ngasogwini nezimila ezikhulayo. Ikakhulukazi amadada amaningi avela ezindaweni ezinjalo phakathi nesikhathi sokudlekwa kwe-molt, lapho kudingeka ucashe ukuze ulinde isikhathi esingesihle. Kepha amadada abhekene nomlozi abhekene nokumhlophe esidlekeni ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi eziseduze. Kusukela ezingeni lolwandle zinweba zifike kumamitha ayi-1000.
Ukushaya amakhwela amadada abhekene nobumhlophe kwenza ukunyakaza kwendawo okuhlala kuyo ngokujwayelekile kube ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha angama-500 ngenxa yezinguquko ezingeni lamanzi nokutholakala kokudla.
Ukuzala kuqala ekuqaleni kwenkathi yemvula yendawo. Amadada esidlekeni ahlukile kwezinye izinhlobo noma emakoloni amancane noma ngamaqembu amancane. Izinyoni ezindala zilinda isikhathi se-molting ngemuva kokuzalisa, lapho zingandizi izinsuku eziyi-18-25. Ngalesi sikhathi, amadada abhekene namakhwela amhlophe asengozini kakhulu futhi acasha ezimileni eziminyene emaxhaphozini. Ngemuva kokuphela kokuzalela, babuthana ngemihlambi yabantu abafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni eziningana bese bedla ndawonye. Imihlambi emikhulu yezinyoni efika entathakusa echibini ishiya umbono omangalisayo.
Amakhwela anobuso obumhlophe ashaya amakhwela ayizinyoni ezinomsindo ezindizayo, enza imisindo yokushaya amakhwela ngamaphiko awo. Lezi zinyoni zihlala zodwa, zihamba ngokuya ngobuningi bokudla, indawo yokuhlala nemvula. Bakhetha izindawo zokudla ngamabhange aphezulu ekujuleni okujulile. Ngokuvamile amadada ahlala ezihlahleni, aqhubeke nomhlaba, noma abhukude. Zisebenza ngesikhathi sokuhlwa sosuku futhi zindiza ebusuku. Zivame ukuhamba ngemihlambi nezinye izinhlobo zomndeni wedada.
Ukudla ikhwela elibhekene nomhlophe.
Ukudla kwedada elinobuso obumhlophe kunezitshalo ezinomuthi (barnyard) kanye nembewu yezitshalo zasemanzini, ilily water Nyphaea.
Amadada abuye adle amaqabunga nezilimo eziyizigaxa zezitshalo zasemanzini, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi eyomile.
Ama-invertebrate angenamanzi afana nama-molluscs, ama-crustaceans nezinambuzane ayabanjwa, imvamisa kakhulu ngesikhathi sezimvula.
Amadada adla ikakhulu ebusuku, yize ebusika nawo angadla emini. Ziphila ngokuhlunga izinto eziphila emanzini, ezifuna ukujula kwamasentimitha amaningana odakeni olunosilika bese zigwinya ngokushesha. Njengomthetho, zitshuza kalula.
Ukushaya ikhwela ngokuzala kwedada nokuzala isidleke.
Amakhwela anobuso obumhlophe abeshaya amakhwela abeka izidleke zawo ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ukusuka emanzini, imvamisa ezimileni eziminyene, utshani obude, isitshi noma izitshalo zelayisi, imibhede yomhlanga, emagatsheni ezihlahla ezingekho kakhulu, nasemigodini yemithi (eNingizimu Melika). Bangakha izidleke ngababili abangashadile, ngamaqembu amancane noma emakoloni amancane lapho izidleke zitholakala ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-75 komunye nomunye (i-Afrika). Isidleke sakheke njengesimbiza futhi sakhiwa ngotshani. Ekubambeni kusuka emaqanda ayi-6 kuye kwayi-12, ukufukamela kwenziwa ngabazali bobabili, kuhlala izinsuku ezingama-26 - 30. Amachwane avela embozwe umthunzi omnyama womnqumo we-fluff onamabala aphuzi. Iduna nensikazi zihola amantshontsho izinyanga ezimbili.
Izinsongo ngobuningi bedada elibhekene namakhwela elimhlophe.
Amakhwela abhekene namakhwela amhlophe athinteka kwi-avian botulism kanye nomkhuhlane wezinyoni, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lungaba sengozini yokuqubuka okusha kwalezi zifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu bendawo bazingela amadada futhi bathengise lezi zinyoni. Ukuhweba ngokushaya amakhwela amadada asebusweni obumhlophe kuthuthukiswa ikakhulukazi eMalawi. Ukuzingela lezi zinyoni kuyachuma eBotswana.
Ziyathengiswa ezimakethe zemithi yesintu. Amakhwela abhekene namakhwela amhlophe ayizinhlobo ezingaphansi kwemibandela yesivumelwano sezinyoni zase-Afro-Eurasia ezifudukayo zasemanzini.
