Kungabonakala sengathi ukuzilibazisa kwe-aquarium akunzima nakancane. Kepha, njengomthetho, abantu abangakazami ngokwabo kule ndima bacabanga kanjalo. Ngakho-ke, nabaqalayo bayakuqonda ukuthi ukunethezeka nenhlala-kahle yabakhileyo echibini lokufakelwa kuncike kwinani elikhulu lezici ezahlukahlukene, njengekhwalithi yemvelo yasemanzini, ukutholakala kwe-aeration, kanye nokushintshwa kwamanzi okuvamile. Kepha, noma ngabe zonke lezi zidingo ezilula zifezekisiwe, umuntu angabona ngasikhathi sinye ukwehla okukhulu kwesibalo sabantu abahlala emanzini.
Kungabonakala sengathi konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, kepha isimo asithuthuki. Futhi ngesikhathi sokuqeda iphupho lakho lokwenza umhlaba omuhle ongaphansi kwamanzi egumbini lakho, uma kungenjalo ngethiphu elincane elishiywe ngama-aquarists anolwazi. Ukuze izikhathi ezinjalo ezimbi zingaveli, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ngokukhethekile ukwakheka komkhumbi, nokuthi ungahlela kanjani i-aquarium ngendlela efanele kuzochazwa ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni sanamuhla.
Yini edingekayo ukuhlobisa ama-aquariums
Into yokuqala, uma ucabanga ngokwenza i-aquarium hobby, into yokuqala evelayo ekhanda lakho, yiqiniso, yisitsha. Kepha kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi wona kanye lo mbono usuvele unephutha, ngoba i-aquarism akuyona ukugcinwa okujwayelekile kwezinhlanzi endaweni ethile evalekile, kepha ngumhlaba wonke onamasiko nemithetho yawo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokucabanga ngokuthenga idamu lokufakelwa, udinga ukubona ngeso lengqondo i-aquarium yakho yesikhathi esizayo. Umklamo wayo awunakucatshangwa ngaphandle kwezinto ezibalulekile njenge:
- amatshe amancane;
- inhlabathi;
- izakhi zokuhlobisa;
- izimila.
Futhi, indawo ekhethekile ohlwini olungenhla ihlala, yiqiniso, ngezinhlanzi zasemanzini. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu, ngaphambi kokuwathenga, ukunquma okuthandayo kwangaphakathi maqondana nokubukeka nobuntu babo. Futhi ngokususelwe kulokhu, thenga.
Khumbula ukuthi inhlanzi ngayinye ingumuntu ngamunye, ngakho-ke, lapho kwakhiwa ukwakhiwa kwedamu lokufakelwa, kuyadingeka ukuthi lokhu ukubheke. Ngakho-ke, njengesibonelo esingesihle, singacaphuna icala elilodwa lapho ama-aquarist angenalwazi ethola ama-cichlids ase-Afrika ahlala emadamini anogu olunamadwala futhi aqala ukungena echibini lokufakelwa elinenqwaba yezimila, okungamukeleki ngokuphelele kubamele lolu hlobo. Ushintsho olunjalo ezimweni zemvelo lungadala ingcindezi enkulu kuphela ezinhlanzini, kepha futhi luholele emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu.
Yiziphi izitayela zokwakha
Njengazo zonke izikhala, ukwakheka kwedamu lokufakelwa nakho kunokwakheka kwaso. Kepha namuhla kunezitayela ezithile, okulandelayo ongakhetha kuzo kalula umklamo womkhumbi, ngisho nalabo abasanda kuqala ukuzibandakanya ekuzilibaziseni nge-aquarium. Ngakho-ke, ama-aquariums yilezi:
- I-Biotope. Njengomthetho, lawo madamu okufakelwa ahlotshisiwe ngomhlaba othile womfula noma echibini, ephinda izimo zawo zemvelo.
- IsiDashi. Imikhumbi enjalo ihlukaniswa neqiniso lokuthi ukugcizelela okuyinhloko kuyo kubekwe otshanini.
- Indawo. Njengoba ungaqagela, ngokususelwa egameni, imikhumbi enjalo yenzelwe isifunda esithile sendawo.
- Umndeni noma isihloko. Imvamisa, ama-aquariums anjalo aklanywa njengoba umcabango womnikazi wawo evumela.
- Okuzayo. Amadamu anjalo okufakelwa, izithombe zawo ezingabonakala ngezansi, abe semfashini muva nje. Ngakho-ke bagqama kwabanye ngokuthi konke okukuzo kukhanya futhi kufiphaza amandla. Isitsha esinjalo sihle ikakhulukazi kusihlwa.
Isitayela se-antique sibuye sizibonakalise kahle kakhulu, lapho amakhophi amancane we-ceramic wezithombe ezahlukahlukene, izikhumbuzo, amphorae noma izinqaba zalezo zikhathi angasetshenziswa njengezinto zokuhlobisa. Kepha kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi i-ceramics kufanele ihlanzwe njalo, ngoba uma ingekho, ingaqala ukukhipha izinto ezinobungozi empilweni yasemanzini, ethinta kakhulu impilo yazo eqhubekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye ama-aquarists enza i-aquarium yengcebo kusuka echibini lawo lokuzenzela, abeka umkhumbi ocwilile kanye nezinye izifuba nezinhlamvu zemali ngezansi.
Ingemuva
Njengomthetho, ukwakheka kwe-aquarium kuqala ngemuva. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kodonga lwasemuva oluyingqayizivele lwedamu lokufakelwa ngeke nje lube umhlobiso omuhle womnikazi walo, kepha ngokuqinisekile luzokwaziswa ngabakhe ekujuleni. Idizayini elula ukudala isizinda sodonga lwangemuva usebenzisa amateyipu odonga lwasemuva atholakalayo athengiswayo. Kepha kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi umklamo onjalo awuzivumeli ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa yokwenziwa kwawo.
Indlela edla isikhathi esiningi, kepha ephumelelayo ukudala okwasemuva ngezandla zakho nokuxhumanisa umcabango. Ngakho-ke, isinyathelo sokuqala ukusimboza ngefilimu yombala omnyama noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ongeke unikeze ukujula kwe-aquarium kuphela, kepha futhi nokuqhathanisa.
Futhi, njengezinto ezisizayo zokwenza isithombe esiyingqayizivele, ungasebenzisa kokubili itshe nesitshalo, ngaleyo ndlela wakhe imihume ehlukahlukene ethokomele noma izindawo zokukhosela ezincane zezinhlanzi.
Ukuhlobisa i-aquarium ngamatshe, izikhubekiso
Ukwakha idamu lokufakelwa kusetshenziswa amatshe, njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni, kujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, azibukeki nje zizinhle impela, kepha futhi zingasebenza njengendawo yezinhlanzi zokuchitha isikhathi sabo sokuphumula nokuzala. Ilungele ukuhlobisa i-aquarium:
- igwadle;
- i-gneiss;
- i-basalt;
- i-porphyry.
Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, i-limestone ne-dolomite kufanele isetshenziselwe amadamu okufakelwa ngamanzi anzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi zonke izakhiwo ezinkulu ngokwanele kufanele zibekwe phansi ngopulasitiki ngaphansi kwazo, kuze kugcwale inhlabathi enkulu.
Ngokuqondene neziqubu, ukuba khona kwabo e-aquarium kuzokunikeza ukubonakala okuhlukile. Futhi akuzona nje kuphela indawo yokuzifihla oyithandayo yezinhlanzi, kepha futhi ziyindawo enhle yokwakha izixazululo ezinhle zokuqamba ngokuzihlanganisa nabo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngaphambi kokwehlisa izinkuni zokukhukhumeza ezitholakele, ngokwesibonelo, ehlathini, zingene emkhunjini, kufanele zihanjiswe ngaphambili ukuze zinciphise amandla azo. Ngakho-ke, kulokhu, i-snag kufanele ifakwe esitsheni soqweqwe lwawo bese ifafazwa ngosawoti. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uthele kuze kube yilapho usawoti ebonakala eyeka ukuncibilika. Ngemuva kwalokho, thumba ihora bese ugeza izinsalela zikasawoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okusele nje ukukubeka emanzini ahlanzekile amahora amaningi, ukuze ukuhambise echibini lokufakelwa ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi.
Ukuncoma
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zokwakhiwa kwedamu lokufakelwa ukukhethwa nokubekwa kwenhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi ubuyisele emuva ngemuva kokubeka izakhiwo ezibucayi nezikhulu e-aquarium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi ubeke ama-heater noma izihlungi ezingezansi ku-aquarium kusengaphambili. Futhi, kulezo zindawo lapho kuhlelwa khona ukubekwa kwezimila, kunconywa kakhulu ukugcwalisa isisekelo somsoco.
Ubukhulu benhlabathi obufanele buqala ku-40-50mm eduze kodonga lwangaphambili no-60-70mm eduze emuva. Futhi kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi esimweni sokutholakala okungagculisi kwenhlabathi yohlaza noma izinto zokuhlobisa, kungakuhle kakhulu ukuthi usatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke umkhumbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuhlelwe ukwakhiwa kwamathala, khona-ke atholakala kalula ngokukhululeka okuphezulu komhlaba.
Ukuhlobisa i-aquarium ngezitshalo
Lapho uhlela ukubekwa kwezimila e-aquarium, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhetha kwayo ngqo akuxhomekile esihlokweni sedamu lokufakelwa kuphela, kepha futhi nakulwazi lomuntu siqu lwasemanzini. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, abaqalayo bakhuthazwa ngokuqinile ukuthi baqale ngezitshalo ezingathobekile neziqinile ezihluke ngobude. Ngakho-ke, aphezulu abekwe eduze kodonga lwangemuva, kanti aphansi asondele ngaphambili. Kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi ugweme ukulinganisa.
Isibonelo, izitshalo eziningana ezinde ezizungezwe ngamatshe zibukeka zingezangempela, njengoba ubona esithombeni esingezansi.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ngemuva kokutshala izitshalo, ungakhohlwa ngokufutha kwazo okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kuyadingeka kulokho. ukugwema ukwengeza ulwelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokushesha nje lapho zonke izinto zokuhlobisa ezisetshenziswe esitsheni esithile zifakwa ezindaweni zazo, unganamathisela phezu kwe-algae ngendwangu kawoyela. Lokhu kuzobavikela ekuthonyweni yimisinga yamanzi.
Kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa amanzi ngaphandle kokujaha okungadingekile futhi usebenzisa ikani lokuchelela noma iladi elincane ngale njongo. Lapho nje izinga lemvelo yasemanzini yeqa uphawu lwe-150 mm. ungalinyusa kancane izinga lokugcwalisa ithangi ngamanzi. Kunconywa ukuthi kususwe indwangu kawoyela uqobo ngemuva kokuthi i-aquarium igcwaliswe ngokuphelele.
Ama-aquarists anolwazi ancoma ngokucophelela ukukhetha ukubekwa kwezitshalo emkhunjini. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke ukwakheka kwegumbi ukuze ingaphakathi le-aquarium lingabonakali kulo, kepha likugcwalise ngokuvumelanayo. Njengomthetho, isixazululo esikahle kungaba ukubeka idamu lokufakelwa eduze kwekona elingenalutho noma maphakathi negumbi.
Futhi ekugcineni, ngithanda ukuqaphela ukuthi lapho uhlela ukwakhiwa kwedamu lakho lokufakelwa, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi ukulinganisa akukho emvelweni. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka futhi kudingekile ukubeka izinto zokuhlobisa ngendlela exakile, kepha akunakudingeka ukuthi weqise futhi ushiye isikhala esincane kakhulu somhlobiso weqiniso wanoma iyiphi i-aquarium, okungukuthi izakhamuzi zayo.
