I-biosphere, igobolondo eliphezulu loMhlaba, lapho kukhona zonke izinto eziphilayo, liyisisekelo semvelo yomhlaba. Iqukethe i-hydrosphere, umoya ophansi, kanye ne-lithosphere ephezulu. Ayikho imingcele ecacile ye-biosphere, isesimweni sokuthuthuka namandla.
Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvela komuntu, umuntu kufanele akhulume ngesici se-anthropogenic sethonya ku-biosphere. Esikhathini sethu, ijubane laleli thonya likhula ikakhulukazi. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa zezenzo zabantu ezenza isimo se-biosphere sibe sibi kakhulu: ukuncipha kwemithombo yemvelo, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bamuva obungaphephile, nokugcwala ngokweqile komhlaba. Ngakho-ke, umuntu uyakwazi ukuthonya kakhulu izinguquko ku-ecosystem yomhlaba futhi akwenze kube sengozini kakhulu.
Izinkinga zokuphepha kwemvelo kwe-biosphere
Manje ake sikhulume ngezinkinga zokuphepha kwemvelo kwe-biosphere. Njengoba imisebenzi yabantu isongela igobolondo eliphilayo lomhlaba, ithonya le-anthropogenic liholela ekubhujisweni kwemvelo kanye nasekubhujisweni kwezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane, izinguquko ekukhululekeni koqweqwe lomhlaba nesimo sezulu. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakheka imifantu ku-lithosphere nezikhala ku-biosphere. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvelo ingazilimaza: ngemuva kokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, inani le-carbon dioxide emkhathini liyanda, ukuzamazama komhlaba kuguqula ukukhululeka, imililo nezikhukhula kuholela ekubhujisweni kwezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane.
Ukugcina imvelo yomhlaba, umuntu kufanele azi ngenkinga yokubhujiswa kwe-biosphere bese eqala ukusebenza ngamazinga amabili. Njengoba le nkinga isemhlabeni wonke, kufanele kubhekwane nayo ezingeni likahulumeni, ngakho-ke ibe nesisekelo somthetho. Izifundazwe zanamuhla zithuthukisa futhi zisebenzise izinqubomgomo ezihlose ukuxazulula izinkinga zomhlaba jikelele ze-biosphere. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu ngamunye angafaka isandla kulesi sizathu esivamile: ukuvikela izinsiza zemvelo nokuzisebenzisa ngokufanele, ukulahla imfucuza nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obonga izinsiza.
Ukudalwa kwezindawo ezivikelwe njengendlela yokulondolozwa kwezinto eziphilayo
Sesivele siyazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwenkinga iplanethi yethu ekuyo, nangamaphutha abantu uqobo. Futhi lokhu akulona iphutha labandulelayo, kepha izizukulwane zamanje, ngoba ukubhujiswa okukhulu kakhulu kwaqala ukwenzeka kuphela ngekhulu lamashumi amabili kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Inkinga yokulondolozwa koMhlaba yaqala ukuphakanyiswa emphakathini muva nje, kepha, yize wawubusha, izinkinga zemvelo ziheha inani elandayo labantu, phakathi kwabo kukhona abalwela ngempela imvelo nemvelo.
Ukuze ngandlela thile sithuthukise isimo semvelo futhi silondoloze imvelo ethile, kungenzeka ukuthi kwenziwe izinqolobane namapaki kazwelonke. Bagcina imvelo ngendlela yayo yasekuqaleni, akuvunyelwe ukuqothula amahlathi nokuzingela izilwane ezindaweni ezivikelwe. Ukuvikelwa kwezinto ezinjalo nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kunikezwa yizifundazwe ezikuwo umhlaba wazo.
Noma iyiphi indawo yokugcina izilwane zasendle noma ipaki kazwelonke iyindawo engokwemvelo lapho zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo zendawo zikhula ngokukhululeka. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekulondolozweni kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingandile. Izilwane zihamba zizungeza indawo ngokukhululeka. Sebephila ngendlela abebephila ngayo endle. Ngasikhathi sinye, abantu benza ukungenelela okuncane:
- ukuqapha inani labantu kanye nobudlelwano babantu;
- welapha izilwane ezilimele nezigulayo;
- ezikhathini ezinzima, phonsa ukudla;
- uvikele izilwane kubazingeli abazingela ngokungemthetho abangena ensimini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivakashi kanye nezivakashi zepaki banethuba lokubuka izilwane ezahlukahlukene zikude. Kuyasiza ukuletha abantu nezwe lemvelo ndawonye. Kuhle ukuletha izingane ezindaweni ezinjalo ukuze uhlakulele kuzo uthando lwemvelo futhi uzifundise ukuthi ngeke zonakaliswe. Ngenxa yalokhu, izitshalo nezilwane zigcinwa emapaki naseziqiwini, futhi njengoba kungekho msebenzi we-anthropogenic, akukho kungcoliswa kwe-biosphere.
