Mayelana nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke eMhlabeni, kunokuncibilika okukhulu kweqhwa lasezindaweni ezibandayo, okuyisizathu sokwenyuka kwezinga lolwandle lomhlaba. Le nqubo izohlala isikhathi esingakanani akwaziwa. Eminye imithombo ithi eminyakeni engama-50 ezayo, izilwandle zomhlaba ziyojula ngamamitha amathathu. Ngakho-ke, njengamanje, izindawo eziningi ezisogwini sezivele zinezikhukhula ngesikhathi sezivunguvungu namagagasi.
Iningi locwaningo ngalolu daba lwenzelwa ukutadisha umthelela wemiphumela kubantu nakwimvelo yabo. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ezihambisana nomthelela wokukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle kuzitshalo nezilwane zasogwini azifundiswanga kahle. Ikakhulu, izimfudu zasolwandle zichitha iningi lempilo yazo emanzini, kepha kufanele ziye ngasogwini ngezikhathi ezithile zibekele amaqanda azo. Kwenzekani lapho amanzi efinyelela emaqanda ogwini olunesihlabathi?
Kube nezimo lapho amanzi olwandle agcwala izidleke zofudu noma inzalo esanda kuzalwa. Ososayensi abayazi imiphumela yokuchayeka isikhathi eside emanzini anosawoti emaqandeni. Ososayensi baseJames Cook University (eTownsville, e-Australia), beholwa nguSolwazi David Pike, baqoqa amaqanda oluluhlaza olwandle ukuze benze ucwaningo eGreat Barrier Reef Islands. Izimo zenziwa elabhoratri ukukhipha ukuvezwa kwamanzi anosawoti olwandle, futhi amaqembu okulawula amaqanda avezwa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene. Imiphumela yocwaningo ikhishwe ngoJulayi 21, 2015.
Ngemuva kokuthi amaqanda egcinwe emanzini anosawoti ihora elilodwa kuya kwamathathu, ukusebenza kwawo kwehle ngo-10%. Ukuhlala kwamahora ayisithupha kweqembu elilawulayo ezimweni ezenziwe ngokwenziwe kwehlise izinkomba zaba ngu-30%.
Ukuziphatha okuphindiwe kokuhlolwa kwamaqanda afanayo kukhulise kakhulu umphumela ongemuhle.
Enzalweni yofudu echanyuselwe, bekungekho ukuphambuka entuthukweni, noma kunjalo, ngokusho kwabaphenyi, ukuze bafinyelele eziphethweni zokugcina, isifundo kufanele siqhubeke.
Ukubuka ukusebenza nokusebenza okubalulekile kwezimfudu ezincane kuzophendula imibuzo yokuthi isimo se-hypoxia (indlala yomoya-mpilo) sizithinta kanjani izilwane nokuthi lokhu kuzokuthinta kanjani impilo yazo.
Ithimba lososayensi eliholwa nguDavid Pike lalizama ukuthola umqondo wenkinga ehambisana nokuzala okuphansi kwezimfudu zasolwandle eziluhlaza esiQhingini iRhine eGreat Barrier Reef.
Lezi zinkomba zisukela ku-12 kuye ku-36%, kanti kulolu hlobo lwezimfudu kuyinto ejwayelekile yenzalo kusuka kuma-80% amaqanda abekiwe. Ngokuya ngocwaningo olwenziwe kusukela ngonyaka wezi-2011, ososayensi baphethe ngokuthi umthelela omkhulu ekwehleni kwabantu waba nezimvula nezikhukhula, ngenxa yalokho isiqhingi saba nezikhukhula.
