Ama-swifts esundu (i-Cypsiurus) angokomndeni osheshayo (i-Apodidae), i-oda elifana ne-Swift.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zesundu esheshayo
Ijubane lesundu lifana nondlunkulu osayizi womzimba, ubude bomzimba benyoni endala bungamasentimitha ayi-15. Isisindo singama-gramu ayi-14. Umzimba unomusa.
Umbala wezimpaphe ubunsundu ngokukhanyayo. Izici ezihlukile zincane, zinde, zinamaphiko amise okwesikela nomsila obumbene. Ikhanda linsundu, umphimbo umpunga. Uqhwaku lumnyama. Imilenze imifushane, inombala onsomi ngezinzipho ezibukhali. Ziyadingeka ukugcina inyoni imile. Isundu esisheshayo sinezindlala eziningi zomlomo emlonyeni, okukhipha into enamathelayo edingekayo ekwakheni isidleke.
Abesilisa nabesifazane banombala ofanayo wezimpaphe.
Izinyoni ezincane ziyehluka kubantu abadala ngomsila wazo omfushane.
I-African Palm Swift
I-African palm swift (Cypsiurus parvus) itholakala kulo lonke izwekazi lase-Afrika eliseningizimu yeSahara, ngaphandle kwasezindaweni eziwugwadule. Ukubukwa okuvamile emathafeni avulekile nasemathafeni, izindawo ezisemadolobheni ezinokutshalwa kwezihlahla zesundu ezihlakazekile. Izindawo zokuhlala zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1100 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ijubane lase-Afrika lithanda izintende zeBorassus futhi livame ukundiza lifuna izitshalo ezimila ngasemifuleni nasemizimbeni yamanzi. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-swifts ahlala ezihlahleni zikakhukhunathi ezindaweni zokuhlala.
Kusatshalaliswe eMauritania, Mali, Niger, Sudan, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Chad. Uhlala eziqhingini zeGulf of Guinea, iComoros neMadagascar. Kutholakala eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeNhlonhlo yase-Arabia. Ububanzi buya ngasenyakatho eNyakatho yeNamibia, buqhubeke eNyakatho naseMpumalanga yeBotswana, eZimbabwe, empumalanga yeNingizimu Afrika.
Ayitholakali e-Djibouti. Izimpukane zivamise ukuya eningizimu yeGibhithe.
I-Palm Asian Swift
I-Asiatic Palm Swift (i-Cypsiurus balasiensis) itholakala emathafeni avulekile phakathi kwezihlahla eziminyene. Indawo enamagquma ihlala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1500 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, ivela endaweni yasemadolobheni. IHabitat ifaka iNdiya neSri Lanka. Ububanzi buya ngasempumalanga kuya eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeChina. Iyaqhubeka eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia futhi ihlanganisa iziqhingi zaseSumatra, Bali, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi nasePhilippines.
Izici zokuziphatha kwe-swift yesundu
Ama-swifts wesundu ahlangana emihlambini eminingi nasendlini ezihlahleni. Izinyoni nazo zidla ngamaqembu wonke, zibamba izinambuzane ezingekho phezulu ngenhla komhlaba, imvamisa ezingeni lomqhele wezihlahla. Ukushintshwa kwesundu akuhlali ekuphumuleni. Zinamaphiko amade kakhulu nemilenze emifushane, ngakho-ke izinyoni azikwazi ukusunduza zisuke phansi futhi zijike ngokugcwele ukuze zikhuphukele emoyeni.
Ukudla kwePalm Swift
Ama-swifts esundu adla cishe izinambuzane ezindizayo kuphela. Imvamisa zizingela ngenhla kancane kombhede wehlathi. Izinyoni zivame ukuzondla ngemihlambi, zigwinya inyoni. Umdlandla, amabhungane, ama-hoverflies, nezintuthwane kudla kakhulu ekudleni.
Ukukhiqizwa kwesundu esheshayo
Ukushintshwa kwesundu kuyizinhlobo zezinyoni ezizodwa. Zakha ngazimbili noma zakha amakoloni anezimbangi ezifika ezi-100 ezizalanayo. Owesifazane nowesilisa babamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwesidleke. Izimpaphe ezincane, i-detritus, i-plant fluff enanyathiselwe ndawonye namathe isebenza njengezinto zokwakha. Isidleke sibukeka njenge-calyx encane eyisicaba futhi sibekwe ohlangothini oluqondile lweqabunga lesundu. Izinyoni nazo zingakha izidleke ezakhiweni noma emabhulohweni.
E-clutch kunamaqanda ayi-1-2, insikazi enamathela phansi esidlekeni ngemfihlo enamathelayo.
Imilenze yePalm Swift ilungele ukubambelela phezulu, ngenxa yezinzwane ezibekwe ngokukhethekile.
Zombili izinyoni ezindala ziyafukamela izinsuku eziyi-18-22. I-Palm swift "ingahlala" eqandeni elilodwa kuphela, elichonywe ohlangothini lwayo, kuyilapho inyoni ibambelela kupuleti elime mpo leqabunga lesundu elizulazula njalo ngezinzipho zalo. Lapho ifukamela, isundu elinejubane ligcina liqondile futhi lingawi ngisho naphakathi komoya onamandla, lapho umoya uphephuka ophahleni lwamaqhugwane.
Amachwane aphuma emaqandeni kuqala kunamathela esidlekeni sawo esigingqayo futhi awazidedeli izinzipho zawo. Kulokhu, isifuba siphendukele eshidini, futhi ikhanda liqondiswe phezulu. Amachwane awuhlobo lokushutheka, kepha maduzane ambozwe phansi. Zilenga kulesi sikhundla zize zincike futhi zikwazi ukundiza. Abesilisa nabesifazane bondla izingane. Zibamba inyamazane yezimpukane bese zinamathisela izinambuzane ngamathe ndawonye zibe yinhlama, bese zindiza ziye esidlekeni bese zinika amaphuphu ukudla. Ukushintshwa kwesundu okuncane kuzimele ngemuva kuka-29-33.
Izinhlobo ezincane nokusatshalaliswa
- Izinhlobo ezingaphansi C. b. i-balasiensis isatshalaliswa ngaphezulu kwe-Indian Subcontinent, kufaka phakathi i-Himalaya esenyakatho, i-mpumalanga ye-India (i-Assam Hills), iBangladesh neSri Lanka.
- C. infumatus itholakala eNdiya (Assam Hills). Indawo yokuhlala inqamula eHainan naseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia iye enhlonhlweni yaseMalacca, eBorneo naseSumatra. Ama-swifts esundu ale subspecies ahlukaniswa ngombala omnyama wezimpaphe kunamanye ama-subspecies. Izinyoni zinamaphiko nomsila ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka - umnyama omuhle omnyama. Umsila ubanzi futhi mfushane, imfologo yomsila ayijulile. Izinyoni ezisencane ezinemingcele ephaphatheka kakhulu emaphikweni nasemsileni.
- Ama-subspecies C. bartelsorum ahlala eJava naseBali, C. pallidior asatshalaliswa ePhilippines.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kwesundu esheshayo
Ukushintshwa kwesundu akusongelwa yizinombolo zazo. Endaweni ejwayelekile impela kumuntu ophansi. Kungenzeka kungabikho ezindaweni lapho izintende zesundu zehla khona. Eminyakeni engama-60-70 edlule, inani lezinyoni kulindeleke ukuba lenyuke. Inani labantu lihlala lizinzile njengoba kungekho bufakazi bokuthi kunokwehla noma izinsongo ezinkulu.
Indawo ehlala amasimu kakhukhunathi iyanda njalo, ngakho-ke ukwabiwa kwama-palm swifts, okuhlala kuwo amaqabunga esundu, kuyakhula ngokwemvelo.
ENyakatho yeThailand, lapho izintende zikakhukhunathi ziyindawo yamasiko, ama-Swifts atholakala kulezi zitshalo. EPhilippines, ama-swifts avela eduze nezindawo zokuhlala abantu, lapho abantu bendawo basebenzisa amaqabunga ezihlahla zikakhukhunathi ukumboza uphahla lwamaqhugwane. Izinyoni zize zidleke emagatsheni esundu alele ophahleni.
Kwezinye izifundazwe zaseBurma, lapho izihlahla zikakhukhunathi zingavamile, ama-palm swifts akha isidleke ezakhiweni zasemaphandleni.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXiAOjv0Asc
