Isilwane esincane kunazo zonke sohlobo lwe-llama yi-vicuña. Izilwane ezincelisayo zingezomndeni wakwaCamelidae futhi zivame ukutholakala ezwenikazi laseNingizimu Melika. AmaVicua angama-ruminants futhi ngaphandle athwala ukufana okuningi ngama-alpaca, ama-guanacos ngisho namakamela. Ukusuka kokugcina, izilwane ezincelisayo ziyehluka ngokungabi khona kwe-hump yesici nosayizi. Izimo zokuphila zabantu bomndeni wakwaCamelidae zibucayi - zitholakala ebangeni elingamakhilomitha ama-5.5. Isilwane sihlukaniswa ngomzimba waso omncane, umusa nesimilo.
Incazelo nohlamvu lwe-vicuna
Izilwane zikhula zifike ku-1.5 m ubude, ngesisindo esilinganiselwa ku-50 kg. Ama-Vicua anejazi elifinywe elithambile ukuthinta futhi lijiyile impela. Uboya bezinwele obusindisa izilwane esimweni sezulu esibi, kufaka phakathi umoya nemvula, amakhaza nezinye izimo zezulu ezimbi.
Ama-vicua anekhanda elifushane, izindlebe ezinde, nentamo yemisipha ebavumela ukuthi babone izitha kude kakhulu. Esiswini, njengomthetho, umbala wejazi ucishe ube mhlophe, kanti ngemuva unombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo. Amazinyo acijile amiswe okwe-incisors yizona zinto ezihlukanisayo zama-vicunas kusuka kwamanye ama-ungulates. Ngosizo lwabo, isilwane sisika kalula utshani futhi sijabulele ukudla.
Izilwane ezifuywayo zikhetha ukuzigcina zingamaqembu abantu abayi-5-15. Umhlambi ngamunye unomholi wesilisa obhekele ukuphepha “komndeni” futhi awulalele ngokulalela. "Imisebenzi" yakhe ifaka phakathi ngesikhathi ukuxwayisa umhlambi ngokusondela kwengozi ngokukhipha isignali ethile. Umholi wesilisa angaxoshwa ephaketheni, amlahle ngempilo enesizungu.
Ama-Artiodactyls aphumula ebusuku futhi ahola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo emini. Ngokuvamile, ama-vicua azolile futhi anokuthula, kepha kwesinye isikhathi isimilo sawo asinamqondo.
Ukudla okunomsoco nokuzala kabusha
Njengoba ama-vicua ahlala ezimweni ezinzima, konke angakuthola lapho kukhona ukudla kwawo. Ama-Artiodactyls adla utshani, amaqabunga, amagatsha, amahlumela futhi ahlafune kahle uhlaza. Izilwane azithandi ukudla izimpande, kepha zithanda amahlumela ezinhlamvu zasendle.
Izilwane ezincelisayo zamahhala ziyatholakala kancane kancane endle. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ama-vicunas aye azanywa ukufuywa ngokugcwele. Ngenxa yengozi yokunyamalala ebusweni beplanethi yethu, izilwane zabalwa kuRed Book.
Isikhathi sokubambisana siqala entwasahlobo. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-11, ngemuva kwalokho kuzalwa amankonyane. Izingane zisondele kunina cishe izinyanga eziyi-12 futhi zidla eduze kwakhe. Ngemuva kwesikhathi sobudala, izilwane ezincelisayo zihlala emhlambini iminyaka emibili, bese zingena ebudaleni nasempilweni ekhululekile.
Izici ze-vicuna
AmaVicua ahlukile ngohlobo lwawo futhi azikho izinhlobo zawo emhlabeni. Izilwane zithwala ukufana kwama-guanacos (futhi zingakwazi nokuhlangana nazo), ama-llamas namakamela. Kepha umehluko usele esakhiweni semihlathi namazinyo ezincelisayo.
Kukholakala ukuthi ama-alpaca aqhamuka kuma-vicunas. Namuhla sekuvele kuyinhlobo ehlukile yomndeni wakwaCamelid. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngisho nochwepheshe onolwazi ngeke akwazi ukuhlukanisa i-vicuna yowesilisa kowesifazane, ngoba i-dimorphism yezocansi ayiyona into yalesi silwane. Bonke abantu babukeka befana.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
Eminyakeni eminingi edlule, abantu baqoqa imihlambi emikhulu yama-vicuna ukuze basike uboya bezilwane. Ngemuva kwalokho, izilwane ezincelisayo zadedelwa, futhi ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezitholakele zenza izingubo ezihloselwe izicukuthwane. Bonke abazama ukuthambisa ama-vicuna bahluliwe. Namuhla uvolo luthathwa njengenye yezinto eziyivelakancane futhi ezibiza kakhulu. Ukuze zingaziqedi izilwane ezincelisayo, iziphathimandla zathatha izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwazo.
Ngokuya ngocwaningo, ama-vicuñas abonakala e-Andes ngekhulu le-XII. BC.
