Ezolimo (ezolimo) yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yezomnotho kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba, njengoba ihlinzeka abantu ngokudla, izinto zokusetshenziswa zokwenziwa kwezingubo nezinto zendwangu ezidingekayo empilweni yansuku zonke. Abantu baqala ukulima umhlaba, batshale izitshalo ezahlukahlukene futhi bafuye izilwane zasendulo ezikhathini zasendulo, ngakho-ke, ezolimo nokufuya kuyimisebenzi yendabuko yabantu.
Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo, ezolimo nazo zinomthelela othile emvelweni, futhi ngokwengxenye zimbi. Kulolu hlobo lomsebenzi, inzuzo enkulu yimithombo yomhlaba, okuwukuthi ungqimba lomhlaba oluvundile, olukwazi ukukhiqiza isivuno esikhulu. Umhlabathi ovundile uhlinzeka izitshalo ngamanzi nomoya, izinto eziwusizo nemfudumalo, okufaka isandla ekuqoqweni okunothile kwezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, ezolimo zihlinzeka ngezinto zokusetshenziswa kule mikhakha elandelayo yezomnotho:
- imboni yokudla;
- ezokwenza imithi;
- imboni yamakhemikhali;
- umkhakha okhanyayo.
Izinkinga ezinkulu zomthelela wezolimo emvelweni
Imvelo yenkimbinkimbi yezimboni zezolimo ukuthi imisebenzi yabantu ithinta imvelo, njengoba nemboni uqobo ithinta izinqubo zemvelo nempilo yabantu uqobo. Njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo kuncike ekuvundeni kwenhlabathi, kulinywa ngazo zonke izindlela, kusetshenziswa zonke izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Imvamisa lokhu kuholela ekonakaleni kwenhlabathi:
- ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi;
- ukugwaduleka;
- ukwenziwa ngosawoti;
- ubuthi;
- ukulahleka komhlaba ngenxa yentuthuko yengqalasizinda.
Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa okungenangqondo kwemithombo yomhlaba, ezolimo zinikeza ukungcoliswa kwemvelo ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane, ukubulala ukhula kanye neminye imithi yezolimo: amadamu namanzi angaphansi komhlaba, inhlabathi, umkhathi. Mningi umonakalo owenziwayo emahlathini, njengoba kugawulwa izihlahla ukuze kukhule izitshalo endaweni yazo. Konke lokhu kuholela enkingeni yemvelo yokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Njengoba kusetshenziswa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokulungisa kabusha kanye namapayipi omhlaba embonini yezolimo, umbuso wazo zonke izidumbu zamanzi eziseduze wephuliwe. Izindawo zokuhlala ezivamile zezinto eziphilayo eziningi nazo ziyabhujiswa, kanye nemvelo yonke iyashintsha.
Ngakho-ke, ezolimo ziletha ushintsho olukhulu emvelweni. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izingxenye zemvelo, kusukela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo kuya kumjikelezo wamanzi emvelweni, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ngokuqonda zonke izinsizakusebenza nokwenza izenzo zemvelo.
