Komunye wemipiramidi yaseGibhithe, inani elikhulu lezidumbu zezinyoni zamaqakala ezinomlomo omude zitholakele. Lezi kube yizinsalela zama-ibise, amaGibhithe azigcina ngokucophelela kuma-urns. Izimpaphe zazikhonzwa ngoba zahlala osebeni lomfula iNayile ongcwele.
Kodwa-ke, lapho kuhlolisiswa, phakathi kokunye, kwakukhona amakhulu ezinkulungwane zezinyoni ze-ibis. Kulula ukuqonda ukuthi ezikhathini zasendulo zazithathwa ziyinyoni efanayo. Kepha ngokufana kwangaphandle nokusondelana okusondele isinkwa inezici zayo ezihlukile.
Incazelo nezici
Isinkwa - inyoni usayizi ophakathi nendawo. Umzimba ngokwesilinganiso cishe u-55-56 cm ubude, amaphiko asuka ku-85 kuye ku-105 cm, ubude bephiko uqobo buba cishe ngama-25-30 cm.Isisindo senyoni singaba kusuka ku-500 g kuye ku-1 kg.
Bona, njengawo wonke ama-ibise, banomlomo omude impela, noma kunjalo, ubukeka uzacile futhi ugobile ukwedlula ezinye izihlobo. Empeleni, igama lesiLatini UPlegadis falcinellus lisho ukuthi "isikela", futhi likhuluma nje ngokumila komlomo.
Umzimba wakhiwe kahle, ikhanda lincane, intamo yinde ngokulingene. Imilenze inesikhumba, ngaphandle kwezimpaphe, okuyinto ejwayelekile ezinyonini zikanogolantethe. Izitho zembuzi zibhekwa njengobude obuphakathi nendawo. Umehluko omkhulu kuma-ibises yisakhiwo esiphelele ngokwengeziwe. itarsus (elinye lamathambo omlenze phakathi kwesikhumba nezinzwane).
Kuyasiza ukuhlalisa phansi, njengoba kumunca ngokuphelele ukufika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yakhe, le nyoni yenza ukucindezela okuhle ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yakhe, izimpaphe ezilinganiswe ngokuqiniseka ngokwengeziwe emagatsheni ezihlahla. Uhlobo "lwentwasahlobo" lwemvelaphi yemvelo.
Amaphiko e-heroine wethu abanzi kunalawo amanye amalungu omndeni, ngaphezu kwalokho, azungezwe emaphethelweni. Umsila mfushane ngokwanele. Ekugcineni, isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisayo umbala wezimpaphe. Izimpaphe ziminyene, zitholakala emzimbeni wonke.
Entanyeni, esiswini, ezinhlangothini nasengxenyeni engenhla yamaphiko, zipendwe ngombala oyinkimbinkimbi obomvu okwe-chestnut. Ngemuva nangemuva komzimba, kufaka phakathi umsila, izimpaphe zimnyama. Mhlawumbe yile ndlela elathola ngayo igama layo. Ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, igama lesiTurkic elithi "karabaj" ("unogolantethe omnyama") selishintshile laba "isinkwa" esithandeka kakhulu futhi esijwayelene kakhulu nalo.
Elangeni, izimpaphe ziyacwebezela ngombala ocwebezelayo, zithole ubukhazikhazi bensimbi obucishe bube ngeyethusi, ngezinye izikhathi obuthiwa unezimpaphe ubizwa ngokuthi ibis ecwebezelayo. Endaweni yamehlo, kunendawo encane yesikhumba esingenalutho ngombala ompunga esimweni sonxantathu, esiboshwe emaphethelweni ngemivimbo emhlophe. Imidlwane kanye noqhwaku lomthunzi othambile obomvana ngokubomvu, amehlo ansundu.
Kusondele ekwindla isinkwa esithombeni kubukeka buhlukile. I-metallic sheen ezimpaphe iyanyamalala, kepha kuvela amachashazi amhlophe amancane entanyeni nasekhanda. Ngendlela, izinyoni ezincane zibukeka cishe zifana - wonke umzimba wazo ugcwele imichilo enjalo, futhi izimpaphe zihlukaniswa ngomthunzi onsundu we-matte. Ngokukhula, ama-specks ayanyamalala futhi izimpaphe ziba se-iridescent.
Imvamisa le nyoni ithule futhi ithule; akuvamile ukuzwakala ngaphandle kwamakholoni okwakha izidleke. Esidlekeni, benza imisindvo efana neyomgogodla omnyama noma ikhwelo. Ukucula isinkwa, kanye nemiqulu yamapigogo, ayithandeki endlebeni. Esikhundleni salokho, kubukeka njengomthamo wenqola engenamabha.
Izinhlobo
Uhlobo lwe-ibis ecwebezelayo lubandakanya izinhlobo ezintathu - ezijwayelekile, ezibabazekayo nezinamakhadi amancane.
- Isinkwa esibukekayo - isakhamuzi sezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika. Ngokuyinhloko ihlala engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-United States, eningizimu-mpumalanga yeBrazil naseBolivia, futhi ibuye ifike ezingxenyeni ezimaphakathi ze-Argentina neChile. Inezimpaphe ezifanayo ezinsomi ngokunsomi nge-sheen yensimbi. Ihlukile endaweni ejwayelekile ezungeze uqhwaku, enemibala emhlophe.
- I-Globe ekhokhisiwe emincane noma Isinkwa seRidgway - ohlala eNingizimu Melika. Akukho mehluko okhethekile wezimpaphe noma. Ihlukaniswa nommeleli ojwayelekile ngombala obomvu womlomo. Cishe uthole igama ngokubukeka kwalo okuvelele kakhulu.
Akunakwenzeka ukungazinaki izihlobo eziseduze ze-heroine yethu - i-ibises. Ngokuvamile, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30 zazo. Ama-ibise amhlophe nabomvu athathwa njengasondelene kakhulu nezinkakha.
- Ibis ebomvu inezimpaphe ezinhle kakhulu zombala obomvu klebhu. Inkudlwana ngosayizi kune-ibex ejwayelekile. Uhlala eSouth America. Ngaphambi kwenkathi yokukhwelana, izinyoni zikhula amasaka womphimbo.
- Ibis emhlophe futhi ohlala ezwenikazi laseMelika. Izimpaphe, njengoba kucacile, zimhlophe njengeqhwa, phambi kwekhanda kunezindawo zombala obomvu ngaphandle kwezimpaphe. Kuzeluleko zamaphiko kuphela lapho imiphetho emnyama ibonakala, ibonakala kuphela lapho indiza. Imilenze emide noqhwaku olugobile kancane kudwetshwe ngombala ogqamile wewolintshi cishe unyaka wonke.
- Futhi ekugcineni, edume kakhulu isihlobo sesinkwa – ibis engcwele... Lathola igama lalo eGibhithe lasendulo. Wayebhekwa njengomuntu ongunkulunkulu wokuhlakanipha, uThoth, ngakho-ke, kaningi kunezinye izinyoni, wagqunyiselwa ukugcinwa.
Izimpaphe ezinkulu zimhlophe. Ikhanda, intamo, izimpiko, uqhwaku nemilenze kumnyama. Le enezimpaphe ibukeka iyinhle kakhulu endizeni - i-glider emhlophe enomngcele omnyama. Usayizi womzimba ucishe ube ngamasentimitha angama-75. Namuhla, izinyamazane ezinjalo zingatholakala emazweni aseNyakatho Afrika, e-Australia nase-Iraq.
ERussia, ukufika kwale nyoni eKalmykia nasendaweni yase-Astrakhan kwabonwa phambilini. Ngesizathu esithile, sivame ukumshayela ucingo isinkwa esimnyama, yize lokhu kuphambene nokubukeka kwangaphandle.
Indlela yokuphila kanye nendawo yokuhlala
Isinkwa singabizwa ngokuthi inyoni ye-thermophilic. Izindawo zalo zokwakha izidleke zitholakala ezindaweni ezihlukene ezwenikazi i-Afrika, entshonalanga naseningizimu ye-Eurasia, e-Australia naseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States. ERussia, ifika emigodini yemifula ehambisa amanzi ayo olwandle olumnyama, iCaspian kanye ne-Azov. Ukufuduka kwabantu ngabanye ebusika e-Afrika nase-Indochina efanayo.
Futhi izinyoni ezimbalwa zasebusika zihlala eduze kwezidleke zokhokho bazo. Bahlala emakoloni, avame ukusondelana nezinye izinyoni ezifanayo - izindwandwe, ama-spoonbill nama-cormorants. Zivame ukugcinwa ngababili. Zonke izidleke zitholakala ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo, emagatsheni ezihlahla noma ezihlahleni okungahambeki kuzo.
Isibonelo, abameleli base-Afrika bakhetha le nhloso uhlobo olubuhlungu kakhulu lwe-mimosa, ama-Arabhu alubiza nge- "harazi" - "ukuzivikela." Kusukela emahlathini nakumahlumela, isidleke sibukeka njengesakhiwo esijule kakhulu esifana nesitsha esivulekile.
Kwenzeka ukuthi izinyamazane ezicwebezelayo zibambe izidleke zabanye abantu, ngokwesibonelo, izindwandwe zasebusuku noma ezinye izindwandwe, kodwa bese zizakha kabusha noma kunjalo. Izimo ezikhululeke kakhulu kubo amabhange emizimba yamanzi noma izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi ezinamaxhaphozi.
Indlela yokuphila ihamba kakhulu. Le nyoni ayivamile ukubonwa imi inganyakazi, imvamisa ihamba ngexhaphozi, izitholele ngokuzikhandla ukudla kwayo. Ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela uhlala phansi ukuze aphumule esihlahleni.
Ayivamile ukundiza, imvamisa ngenxa yengozi eseduze noma ubusika. Lapho indiza, le nyoni yelula intamo yayo, njenge-crane, futhi yenza ukushaya okukhulu kwamaphiko ayo, ashintshana ngokushibilika ngokushelelayo emoyeni.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Mayelana nokudla, iGlobe liyazikhethela, lisebenzisa ukudla kwemifino nezilwane. Emhlabathini, ithola izimbungulu nezibungu, izibungu, izimvemvane, imbewu yezitshalo ezithile. Futhi echibini lizingela onoshobishobi, izinhlanzi ezincane, amaxoxo, izinyoka.
Isinkwa esinomlomo omude - umhloli wezansi ophelele. Izilokotho eziyizintandokazi - ama-crustaceans. Ukudla kwezitshalo kuvezwa ulwelwe. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abesilisa basethubeni lokudla izinambuzane, kanti abesifazane bathanda iminenke.
Kwesinye isikhathi ihweba eduze nezindawo zokudoba nezindawo zokuhlala, ibamba gazinga lezinhlanzi ezifuyiwe. Imvamisa isizini ithinta ukudla - uma kuvela inani elikhulu lamaxoxo, bayanikezwa ukukhetha. Ngokubusa kwezinambuzane, njengezintethe, izinyoni ziholwa yizo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Abazali besikhathi esizayo baqala ukwakha isidleke engxenyeni yesibili kaMashi. Zombili izinyoni zibamba iqhaza kule nqubo. Izinto zokuqala zithathwa emagatsheni, emhlangeni, emaqabeni nasotshanini. Ubukhulu besakhiwo buyahlaba umxhwele - buze bufinyelele kwesigamu semitha ububanzi, nobuso obucishe bube njengesitsha obufana nesitsha.
Ukujula kwalesi sakhiwo cishe kungama-10 cm, kuvame ukutholakala endaweni ethile esihlahleni noma esihlahleni, okuvikela ngokwengeziwe ekuhlaselweni yizitha zemvelo. E bamba kukhona amaqanda ama-3-4 we-hue emnene eluhlaza okotshani. Zikhulelwa kakhulu ngunina. Umzali ngalesi sikhathi wenza ukulondeka, uthola ukudla, kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile esikhundleni sentombi yakhe ku-clutch.
Amachwane achamisela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-18-20. Ekuqaleni zimbozwe mnyama phansi futhi zinesifiso esingandile. Abazali kufanele babondle izikhathi eziyi-8-10 ngosuku. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inkanuko iyaphela, futhi ukugeleza kuyaphela, kuphenduke izimpaphe.
Benza indiza yabo yokuqala benamasonto ama-3. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa, sezivele zizindiza zodwa. Imvamisa, isikhathi sokuphila se-ibis cishe siyiminyaka eyi-15-20. Kepha lesi sikhathi sithonywe kakhulu yizimo zemvelo nokuba khona kwezitha zemvelo.
Izitha zemvelo
Ngokwemvelo, iGlobe inezitha eziningi, kepha azihlangani nayo kaningi. Ukungafinyeleleki kwendawo yokuhlala kuthinta. Imvamisa bancintisana namagwababa afakwe izigqoko. Baphanga endaweni yezinyoni zamanzi, bathatha ukudla futhi bachitha izidleke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma iyiphi inyoni edla inyama noma isilwane esinamaqhubu ingalimaza i-ibex.
Kepha umuntu ulimaza yena ngokukhethekile. Izinyoni zivame ukulahlekelwa yimizi yazo ngenxa yokunisela. Ngesikhathi sezikhukhula zasentwasahlobo, izidleke zigcwala amanzi. Ukwakhiwa kwamatshe kuvame ukubhubha lapho kushiswa umhlanga. Umuntu uzingela inyoni, ngoba inenyama emnandi impela.
Noma kunjalo, inenani elikhulu kunawo wonke ama-zoo. Le enezimpaphe isheshe ijwayele ukuthunjwa futhi ijabule ngokubukeka kwayo nobuhlakani obungavamile. Okwamanje, ama-ibis abhalwe kuRed Book of Russia, njengezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kunezimbhangqwana ezingaphansi kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi zalezi zinyoni ezinhle.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Ezinsukwini zakudala, abantu babekholelwa ukuthi i-ibex yizinyoni zomoya. Sengathi zindiza kuphela ebusuku, zishesha njengokudutshulwa kwesibhamu. Bangabonakala kuphela ngokubadubula, behlose kuwo wonke umhlambi ngokungahleliwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakukhona inganekwane yokuthi babekela amaqanda khona kanye emafwini.
- Yizibize, kufaka phakathi izinyamazane ezicwebezelayo, ezithathwa njengezimbongi zezinyoni ezikhukhula emfuleni. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, bavele osebeni lwemifula ejulile eduze kwamanzi aphezulu ayingozi. Izakhamizi zezindawo ezisogwini zazisazi kahle lesi sici, futhi zazivame ukushiya phezulu ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kanye nezinkomo nempahla.
- UHerodotus wayekholelwa ukuthi izinyoni ze-ibis zizingela izidleke zezinyoka, ziyazibulala, ngakho-ke zithandwa kakhulu eGibhithe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakukhona inganekwane yokuthi babengesabi ngisho nezilo kanye nezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokubonakala kokuqagela komcabango wakamuva, umuntu kufanele angakhohlwa ukuthi abaseGibhithe babevame ukwenza izilwane ezizuzisayo. Ngakho-ke ingemuva lale nganekwane licace bha - ama-ibise azingela ngempela izinyoka ezincane.
