Esikhathini esithile esidlule, amatilosi ayehamba emazweni ashisayo ayengaziqonda ngaphandle kwezinsimbi ukuthi zifinyelele ezindaweni ezishisayo. Kwakwanele ukubona inyoni indiza kahle emoyeni, eyayibizwa ngokuthi "ukhozi lwasolwandle" noma "indodana yelanga". Kwakwaziwa ukuthi lesi sinezimpaphe - isimbuli sebhande elishisayo lasezindaweni ezishisayo.
Ube kade i-frigate, inyoni yasolwandle ekwazi ukuhamba esibhakabhakeni kalula njengomkhumbi onegama elifanayo ezilwandle eziphakeme. Ama-frigates yizinyoni eziye zahlukaniswa zaba ngumndeni ohlukile ngamagama azo. Zihlala eduze kwamanzi emazweni ashisayo. Ezindaweni ezipholile, kungenzeka ukuhlangabezana nakho ezimweni ezihlukile.
Incazelo nezici
Ama-frigates anomzimba omncane omncane, intamo enamandla, ikhanda elincane kanye noqhwaku olude, olugobile ekugcineni. Izimpiko zinde kakhulu futhi zikhombe ngokuqinile, umsila nawo mude, unebifurcation ejulile.
Izimpaphe zezinyoni ezindala zinamalahle ansundu; ngemuva, esifubeni, ekhanda nasezinhlangothini, izimpaphe zine-sheen yensimbi, kwesinye isikhathi icwebezela ngokugqamile ngamathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza noma ansomi. Abesilisa banezikhwama ezibomvu zezikhumba ezifika ku-25 cm ububanzi. Abesifazane banomphimbo omhlophe.
Lezi zimpaphe ze-virtuoso ezinezimpaphe zithathwa abaningi njengezinyoni zasolwandle ezishesha kakhulu, ezikwazi ukudlula inkonjane noma ulwandle. Emhlabeni, zihamba kabi ngenxa yemilenze yazo emifushane ngokungalingani. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abahlali phansi.
Ama-frigates nawo awakwazi ukusuka emhlabathini, amaphiko awo awavumelaniswanga nalokhu. Batshala ezihlahleni kuphela. Futhi ukusuka lapho, izinyoni, zivula ngokushesha amaphiko azo, ziwela ezingalweni zomfudlana womoya. Zihlala ezihlahleni, zisebenzisa amaphiko nomsila wazo ukulinganisa.
I-frigate esithombeni kubukeka kumangalisa kakhulu ngesikhathi sendiza. Intanta kahle kakhulu emoyeni, njengolwandle olungapheli. Yize abanye abathwebuli bezithombe abaphumelelayo babamba ngobuciko le nyoni ngesikhathi semidlalo yokukhwelana. Isikhwama esibomvu esingavamile emphinjeni wesilisa sikhukhumala kakhulu, futhi kutholwa nezithombe ezithakazelisa kakhulu.
Izinhlobo
Ngaphambi kokuqhubekela phambili endabeni ephathelene nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamafriji, ake senze ama-arias ajwayelekile. Zonke izinyoni ezibizwa ngaleli gama zinamaphiko amade, umsila oboshiwe kanye nomlomo ogobile. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo ungokwemvelo nobukhulu.
Uhlobo lwe-frigate lubandakanya izinhlobo ezi-5.
1. I-frigate enkulu (I-Fregata encane), izinze eziqhingini zasePacific, olwandle lwase-Atlantic nolwamaNdiya endaweni eshisayo. Inkulu, ubude bomzimba busuka ku-85 kuye ku-105 cm, i-wingspan icishe ibe yi-2.1-2.3 m.Izidleke emakoloni amakhulu, ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa izama ukuziqhelelanisa nomhlaba.
Ingandiza izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokufika. Inama-subspecies ama-5, asatshalaliswa ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zazo zonke izilwandle ngaphakathi kwebhande elishisayo: i-Western Indian, i-Central-Eastern Indian, i-West-Central Pacific, i-Eastern Pacific, i-South Atlantic.
2. I-frigate enhle kakhulu (I-Fregata magnificens), efinyelela ku-1.1 m ubude, enamaphiko we-2.3 m. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isisindo sayo asikho ngaphezu kwedada, cishe i-1.5 kg. Izimpaphe zombala we-anthracite, abesifazane banendawo elula yokukhanya esiswini. Abantu abasha banezimpaphe ezikhanyayo ekhanda nasesiswini, kanti ngemuva kunombala onsundu-mnyama ngemichilo ye-beige.
I-goiter yeduna ibomvu klebhu. Wahlala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu oLwandlekazi iPacific, waze wayofika e-Ecuador, izwe lapho isitembu saso siposa isithombe sale nsiba.
3. I-Ascension frigate (I-Fregata aquilla) noma i-frigate yokhozi. Lathola igama lalo esiQhingini Sase-Ascension, lapho lahlala khona kwaze kwaba ngekhulu le-19. Kodwa-ke, amakati namagundane amxosha lapho amyisa endaweni ahlala kuyo manje - isiQhingi saseBoatswain. Le yingxenye eseningizimu ye-Atlantic Ocean. Ubude bufinyelela ku-0.9 m.
Izimpiko zifinyelela ku-2.2 m ngobubanzi.Umbala umnyama, abamele abesilisa banombala oluhlaza emakhanda abo. I-Thymus sac yombala obomvu, iyavuvukala ngesikhathi sokuqoma umngani. Futhi leyo inezimpaphe ezimnyama nsundu, isifuba esibomvu, kanye nokhololo emphinjeni. Njengamanje inabantu abalinganiselwa ku-12,000.
4. I-frigate kaKhisimusi (UFregata andrewsi). Ihlala endaweni eyodwa kuphela - eChristmas Island e-Indian Ocean. Usayizi kusuka ku-1 m, izimpaphe ezimnyama ezinombala onsundu. Izimpiko nomsila zinde, ezokuqala zinemiphetho encishisiwe kancane, ngesikhathi zifinyelela ku-2.3-2.5 m, futhi umsila ubonakala ngokucacile. Isisindo esingaba ngu-1.5 kg. Abesilisa banendawo emhlophe esiswini, isikhwama somphimbo sibomvu ngokugqamile. Manje azikho ngaphezu kuka-7200 wazo emvelweni. Kufakiwe Ohlwini Lwezilwane Ezisengozini.
5. UFrigate Ariel (UFregata ariel). Mhlawumbe omncane kunabo bonke abamele ngenhla. Ubude bomzimba bungu-0.7-0.8 m, izimpiko zifinyelela kuma-cm 193. Inyoni endala isisindo esingaba ngama-750-950 g, abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa. Umbala ngamalahle wodwa, kepha ngezikhathi ezithile ucwazimula ngemithunzi yolwandle - oluluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okotshani, kwesinye isikhathi i-burgundy.
Inezinhlobo ezintathu, ezahluka kancane ngosayizi wamaphiko nobude bomlomo: i-Indian entshonalanga, iTrinidadian neyesithathu, ezihlala eziqhingini ezisenkabeni nasempumalanga yezingxenye zoLwandlekazi i-Indian, kanye naseziqhingini ezisenkabeni nasentshonalanga yePacific Ocean. Lokhu inyoni ye-frigate kwesinye isikhathi ingajabulisa ngisho nabakhileyo eMpumalanga Ekude ngokubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile.
Izihlobo zenyoni yethu zihlanganisa ama-pelican nama-cormorant. Ngaphezu kwezimpawu ezijwayelekile zangaphandle zokufana nokunamathiselwa emanzini, zitholakala ku-niche efanayo yezinyoni zasolwandle ze-copepod.
1. AmaPelican asakazeke kakhulu, ayakwazi ukufinyelela ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile. ERussia kunezinhlobo ezi-2 - ama-pelican abomvana nabasontekile. Futhi banesaka lesikhumba endaweni yomphimbo, kuphela kunalokho liyanqoba, futhi ulisebenzisa ukubamba izinhlanzi.
2. Ama-Cormorants ayizinhlobo zezinyoni zasolwandle zomndeni we-pelican. Bacishe balingane nehansi noma idada. Izimpaphe zimnyama nomthunzi ohlaza sasolwandle, ezinye zihlotshiswe ngamabala amhlophe ekhanda nasesiswini. Bathuthukisa kabanzi izifunda zasolwandle eziseningizimu nasenyakatho, ngaphandle kwezindawo eziphakeme zomhlaba, kanye namaxhaphozi, imifula kanye nolwandle. Uqhwaku ekugcineni nalo lunengwegwe. Kunezinhlobo eziyi-6 eRussia: ezinkulu, ezaseJapane, ezi-crested, iBering, ezibukeka zibomvu nezincane.
Indlela yokuphila kanye nendawo yokuhlala
I-bird frigate ihlala khona ogwini lolwandle naseziqhingini ezisezindaweni ezishisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingabonakala ePolynesia, naseziQhingini zaseSeychelles naseGalapagos, ezindaweni ezisendaweni engaphansi komhlaba. Zonke izilwandle zomhlaba, ezinezindawo ezishisayo nezishisayo, zingaziqhayisa ngokuthi zivikele le nyoni eziqhingini zazo eziningi nasogwini.
Banobungcweti obukhulu emoyeni, basebenzisa isikhathi sabo esiningi bebaleka phezu kolwandle. Abakwazi ukubhukuda, izimpaphe ngokushesha zimunca amanzi bese ziwadonsela phansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-frigates anendlala ye-coccygeal engakhuli kahle, eyenzelwe ukufaka izimpaphe ngokwakhiwa kwamanzi, njengezinyoni eziningi zasemanzini. Ngakho-ke, balola amakhono abo okundiza ukuze bazingele izinhlanzi.
Izinyoni ezinezimpaphe zingandiza esibhakabhakeni isikhathi eside ngenxa yamaphiko azo. Azidingi ngisho nokuvayizisa, zimane "zilenga" ekusakazweni komoya. Lawa ma-glider aphilayo asemoyeni enza ukujika okubukhali nokuhlotshisiwe, agijimisane, adlale aphile impilo ephelele lapho.
Njengoba sehlele emhlabathini owomile, cishe azikwazi ukuzisiza. Uma bewela emkhakheni wombono wesitha esiyingozi, ngeke babalekele phansi. Imifushane kakhulu, imilenze ebuthakathaka kanye ne-rig ende kakhulu - amaphiko nomsila.
Yize kunemikhawulo ethile ekusondeleni phansi, lezi zinyoni azibhekani nobunzima ekubambeni inyamazane yazo, zingabazingeli abanekhono futhi abanekhono. Kodwa-ke, azinqikazi ukucasula ezinye izinyoni ezisemanzini, zithathe inyamazane yazo. Ama-frigates ajwayele ukuntshontsha nezinto zokwakha izindlu zawo ezidlekeni zabanye abantu.
Imvamisa zakha izidleke emakoloni, eziwahlela eduze kwezindawo zokwakha ama-boobies noma ezinye izinyoni. Indawo enjalo akuyona ingozi, kodwa ukuhlakanipha okukhohlisayo. Ngokuzayo, bazothatha ukudla kulabo. Imvamisa zihlala ezidlekeni ngesikhathi sokukhwelana nokufukanyiselwa kwamachwane. Esinye isikhathi abazama ukusichitha ngaphezulu kolwandle.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Inyoni yasolwandle i-Frigate, ngakho-ke idla kakhulu izinhlanzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, njenganoma yisiphi isilwane esidla ezinye, ngeke wenqabe ukubamba, kwesinye isikhathi, isilwane esincane kakhulu somgogodla, imollusk noma i-jellyfish. Izinyoni zingabuye zihlwithe i-crustacean encane emanzini ngaphandle kokuhlala phezulu. Babuka amahlengethwa nezinhlanzi ezidla ezinye isikhathi eside emoyeni lapho bejaha izinhlanzi ezindizayo. Lapho nje eyokugcina iphuma emanzini, ama-frigates ayibamba endizeni.
Umzingeli angaphonsa ephindayo into ayibambile, kodwa abuye ayibambe futhi ngaphambi kokuthi ithinte amanzi. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukubamba isisulu ngobuciko. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuzingela, wenza isenzo sokulinganisa esiyinkimbinkimbi, njengomculi wesekisi wangempela.
Emhlabeni, ahlasela izimfudu ezincane ezisanda kuchanyuselwa. Kodwa-ke, idili elinjalo akwenzeki kaningi. Ngakho-ke, izinyoni ezinobuqili ziye zafunda kahle umsebenzi we "pirates". Babamba ezinye izinyoni ezibuya ekuzingeleni okuyimpumelelo bese bezihlasela.
Baqala ukubashaya ngamaphiko abo, babaphuze ngomlomo wabo kuze kuthi labo abasebunzimeni badedele inyamazane yabo noma bahlanze. Abaphangi baze bakwazi ukuphatha lezi zingcezu zokudla endizeni. Zihlasela izinyoni ezinkulu ngamaqembu wonke.
Bangantshontsha futhi badle iphuphu esidlekeni senyoni engaziwa, ngasikhathi sinye bonakalise lesi sidleke. Ngamanye amagama, baziphatha "njengezigelekeqe zomoya". Ngaphezu kwalokho, bacosha ebusweni bolwandle hhayi kuphela ama-molluscs amancane, ama-jellyfish noma ama-crustaceans, kodwa nezicucu zokuwa.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ama-frigate wezinyoni ayedwa, khetha umlingani kanye impilo yakho yonke. Ngesikhathi sokuzalisa nokufukamela, abekho endaweni yabo ejwayelekile yasemoyeni, ngakho-ke basengozini enkulu. Ngokubona lokhu, zizalela ogwini olugwadule noma eziqhingini, lapho kungenazilwane ezizingelayo.
Abokuqala ukundizela endaweni yokwakha izidleke abafakizicelo besilisa, bahlala ezihlahleni bese beqala ukugcoba ama-thymus sacs abo ngokuhlekisa, benze imisindo yomphimbo ihehe insikazi. Isikhwama sesikhumba siba sikhulu kakhulu kangangokuba umkhongi kufanele aphakamise ikhanda lakhe liphezulu. Futhi izintombi zesikhathi esizayo zindiza phezu kwazo futhi zikhethe i-pair kusuka phezulu.
Lokhu kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ekugcineni, abesifazane bakhetha umlingani ngesikhwama somphimbo esikhulu kunazo zonke. Yile nto esebenza njengezinto zokuqinisa umshado. Isikhwama sikabani insikazi enomoya ohlikihla kuso kuzoba okhethiweyo. Eqinisweni, ulungisa ukukhetha ozakwethu ngale nhlangano emnene. Kuphela emva kwalokho bahlela indawo yokufukamela amatshwele esikhathini esizayo.
Isidleke sakhiwe emagatsheni ezihlahla eduze kwamanzi. Bangakhetha izihlahlana noma ukuphakama phansi esidlekeni, kepha kakhulu kangako. Indawo yesikhathi esizayo yokubeka amaqanda ifana nohlobo lwesikhulumi, yakhiwe ngamagatsha, amahlumela, amaqabunga nezinye izinto zezitshalo. Imvamisa iqanda elilodwa ngebhande ngalinye, noma ngabe kukhona okubonwayo ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zamafrigi zibekela amaqanda angama-3.
Abazali baqandula inzalo ngokushintshana, bashintshe ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3, 6 noma ngaphezulu. Amachwane achamisela enqunu ngokuphelele ngemuva kwamasonto ayisithupha noma ayisikhombisa. Bafudunyezwa ngomunye wabazali. Kamuva baba ne-fluff emhlophe. Bathola izimpaphe ezigcwele kuphela ngemuva kwezinyanga ezinhlanu.
Abazali bondla izingane isikhathi eside. Ngisho nangemva kokuba amaphuphu esekhulile futhi eqale ukundiza ngokuzimela, izinyoni ezindala ziyaqhubeka nokuzondla. Baqala ukuvuthwa ngokocansi eminyakeni engu-5-7. Endle, inyoni ye-frigate ingaphila iminyaka engama-25-29.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Kungenzeka ukuthi le nyoni yayibizwa nge-frigate ngenxa yodumo olwesabekayo lwalo mkhumbi. Ama-frigates yimikhumbi yempi, futhi emazweni aseMedithera, ama-corsairs-umnqobi wayevame ukuhamba ngomkhumbi, ehlasela imikhumbi yabanye abantu ngenhloso yokwenza inzuzo. Njenge "air pirate" yethu. Yize kubonakala ngathi ukuthi imikhumbi ye-frigate inekhwalithi eyodwa ephawuleka kakhulu - ingahamba olwandle isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokungena echwebeni. Azizange zibekwe ngesikhathi sokuthula, kepha zazisetshenziselwa ukujikeleza nokuhamba ngomkhumbi. Lokhu kuhlala isikhathi eside olwandle kungokwemvelo yenyoni yethu enhle.
- Namuhla, abasePolynesia basasebenzisa amafriji njengamajuba okuphatha ukuphatha imiyalezo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunzima ukubathambisa, naphezu kwemvelo engenangqondo. Ukondla izinhlanzi kuyisihluthulelo. Bakulungele okuningi ngaye.
- Amafriji anamehlo amahle kakhulu. Kusukela ekuphakameni, babona inhlanzi encane kunazo zonke, i-jellyfish noma i-crustacean, ekhuphukele phezulu ngokungazi, bese icwila kuzo.
- Izinyoni ze-Frigate zinomphumela ongajwayelekile emibala egqamile. Kwakunezimo lapho behlangana namafulegi amibalabala anemibala emikhunjini evela kuyo yonke indiza, ngokusobala ebathatha njengezisulu ezingaba khona.
- Esiqhingini saseNoiru e-Oceania, abantu bendawo basebenzisa amafriji athanjisiwe "njengezinduku zokudoba bukhoma." Izinyoni zibamba izinhlanzi, ziyilethe ogwini bese ziyilahla kubantu.
