Incazelo nezici
Idla izinyosi - inyoni encane ekhanyayo yomndeni odla izinyosi. Lo mndeni wabakhileyo wasezulwini waziwa njengomhle kunabo bonke eYurophu. Futhi hhayi ngaphandle kwesizathu. Kunzima ukungawubongi umbala walowo odla izinyosi. Izimpaphe zidwetshwe ngemibala ebomvu, eluhlaza, ephuzi, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nemibala yazo.
Uhlobo ngalunye lunezici zalo zokusatshalaliswa kombala kuzimpaphe. Ngalesi sizathu, nasendaweni yokuhlala, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-20 zezinyoni. Njengezinyoni eziningi, ezeduna zihle futhi zikhanya kunezinsikazi. Umbala wezimpaphe uyakhanya ngokukhula. Umudli wezinyosi ungena entendeni yesandla sakho. Ubude bomzimba wakhe bungamasentimitha angama-26. Inyoni enhle kunazo zonke eYurophu isisindo esisuka ku-20 kuye ku-50 gram.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingane idinga amagremu angama-40 okudla ngosuku! Isici esihlukile sokudla kwezinyosi umlomo. Yinde uma iqhathaniswa nomzimba, igobile kancane. Uqhwaku yilona thuluzi lokuzingela lezinyoni eziningi. Kungakho labo abathanda ukudla izinambuzane bakhe ithuluzi elihle kangaka labasebenzi ngenkathi yokuziphendukela kwemvelo.
Abadla izinyosi bathole igama lokukhala kwabo: "schur-schur". Izinyoni ezikhanyayo zivame ukubhekwa njengezimpawu zenhlanhla. Umudli wezinyosi akahlukile. Emazweni amaningi lapho kungathathwa njengezilwi zezidleke zezinyoni, ukuhlangana nenyoni ekhanyayo kuletha inhlanhla, ngokwenkolelo evamile.
Izwe elinjalo eYurophu yiFrance. Futhi eGibhithe nasesiqhingini saseKrethe, hhayi kuphela ukuhlangana no odla izinyosikodwa futhi ukupheka ukudla. Abantu abakwenza lokhu baphikisa ngokuthi uma futhi udla uphawu lwenhlanhla, injabulo izokwanda iye ngezinga elikhulu.
Izinhlobo
Umndeni wabantu abadla izinyosi unezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo. Izinyoni ziyahlukaniswa, ikakhulukazi ngezimpaphe nangokwemvelo.
1. Idla izinyosi ezimhlophe... Izimpaphe ziluhlaza kakhulu, isifuba singamathoni egolide. Isilevu sehlukaniswe ngomugqa omnyama. Amehlo abomvu adwetshelwe nge "mask" emnyama. Umqhele nawo umnyama. Uncamela ukuchitha ihlobo ezindaweni eziwugwadule eziseduze nasehlane laseSahara, kanti ebusika emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo. Ubude benyoni bufinyelela ku-20 cm, futhi isisindo sayo asidluli amagremu angama-30.
2. Umdli wezinyosi wegolide... Lolu hlobo lukhanya kakhulu emndenini. Ngemuva kubomvu, isifuba siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi kukhona okuchachamba okuphuzi, okubomvu, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuluhlaza emaphikweni. Isilevu siphuzi, kunomugqa omnyama emehlweni abomvu.
Umdla wezinyosi osagolide yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu emndenini. Ebusika, itholakala eNdiya. Ehlobo, indawo yayo yokuhlala iyanda kakhulu. Abaphenyi abaningi baye babona isidla izinyosi segolide ezindaweni ezipholile eziseningizimu.
3. Idla izinyosi iBemova... Lolu hlobo lwaqanjwa ngegama lomhloli wamazwe owazalelwa eJalimane uRichard Böhm, owahlola isifunda saseZanzibar ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Ngaphandle kwalokho kuthiwa le nyoni odla izinyosi oluhlaza. Idla izinyosi ubude bayo bungu-17 cm kanti inesisindo esingu-20 grams. Okuluhlaza kubusa kakhulu kuzimpaphe zakhe.
Isifuba somuntu odla izinyosi sidwetshiwe ngomthunzi ofudumele, izimpaphe eziluhlaza okomnyama no-emerald zitholakala ngemuva. Ikepisi elibomvu nomphimbo. Emehlweni, umugqa omnyama oyisici. Umdli wezinyosi kaBoehm uhlala e-Afrika. Ihlala emahlathini asenkabazwe lapho kunokukhanya okuningi. Indlela azikhethela ngayo ubukhona besihlahla semopane.
4. Umdli wezinyosi onekhanda elimnyama... Lolu hlobo lungabizwa ngokuthi olukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlobo zalo. Ubude bomzimba - 28 cm, isisindo - 54g. Abadla izinyosi babizwa ngamagama abo ngombala wabo. Ikhanda lale nyoni limnyama bhuqe, okwenza izinyoni zibukeke zisabekayo.
Ingemuva, izimpiko nomsila kudwetshwe ngemibala eluhlaza. Isifuba nesisu kuphuzi futhi kuwolintshi. Umdliwo wezinyosi onamakhanda amnyama uhlala e-Afrika, endaweni yaseNigeria, iGabon, i-Angola, iCongo nezinye izifundazwe eziseduze.
5. Idla izinyosi ezimhlophe... Impaphe yalezi zinhlobo iqukethe imibala eminingi ngokungavamile. Igama livela ezimpapheni ezimhlophe ezisekhanda ngenhla nangaphansi komugqa omnyama obonakalayo emehlweni. Isilevu sibomvu, isifuba nesisu kuphuzi. Eduze nomsila, izimpaphe ziba yi-indigo.
Umhlane nezimpiko kuluhlaza, njengamalungu amaningi omndeni. Abadla izinyosi abamhlophe ngaphambili banamaphiko ayindilinga. Ubude bomzimba bungu-23 cm, kanti isisindo asidluli ngama-40 g.I-bee-fronted-eater emhlophe ihlala ema-savanna ase-Afrika.
6. Umdli wezinyosi obomvu... Umhlobo lo ubonakala uhlanganise abadla iinyosi abasebusweni begolide nabamhlophe. Isici esihlukile yisilevu esibomvu. Ibunzi liluhlaza. I-nape iphuzi ngokusawolintshi, izimpiko, umsila nangemuva kuluhlaza okotshani, ingxenye engezansi yomsila iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okujulile. Ihlala e-Afrika ezindaweni ezisuka eSinegal ziye eCentral African Republic nase-Ethiopia ziya e-Uganda.
7. Umnyama odla izinyosi... Incazelo yezimpaphe zale nyoni ilula uma iqhathaniswa nezihlobo zayo. Umphimbo ubomvu, unezimpaphe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esiphongweni nasemsileni. Kakhulu lenyoni imnyama.
8. Idla izinyosi ezinomsila... Kusuka egameni ungaqonda ukuthi yisiphi isici esiyinhloko salolu hlobo. Umbala wangemuva, amaphiko nokhiye kuluhlaza okotshani. Umsila uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ekugcineni kunamabala amnyama. Umphimbo uphuzi. Ubude bomzimba, kuhlanganisa nomsila, bungamasentimitha angama-20. Indawo yokuhlala ikakhulukazi eningizimu yeSahara, ezindaweni ezingama-savanna ase-Afrika.
9. Umdli wezinyosi onekhanda elinsundu... Ukubukeka kwale nyoni kuqinile futhi kunesizotha ngasikhathi sinye. Izimpiko nomhlane ziluhlaza okotshani, zisondela kumnyama. Isifuba siluhlaza ngokukhanyayo, amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka avela eduze komsila. Ikepisi yi-burgundy, umphimbo uphuzi ngokugqamile, uhlukaniswe nesifuba ngomucu omncane wombala wewayini. Ubude bomzimba - 20 cm, isisindo - cishe 30g.
10. Umdli wezinyosi opinki... Le nyoni yathola igama layo lesilevu nesifuba sombala omnyama obomvana. Zonke ezinye izimpaphe zomuntu odla izinyosi zimpunga emnyama. Ngaphansi komugqa omnyama wesici, okumhlophe kudlula ngamehlo, kudale umehluko. Ihlala endaweni efanayo naleyo edla amakhanda amnyama.
11. Umdli wezinyosi onekhanda eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka... Hhayi ikhanda kuphela, kodwa izimpaphe eziningi zale nyoni ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimpiko zinombala onsundu ngokubomvu, zinezimpaphe eziningana ezibomvu ngokugqamile ngaphansi komlomo. Umugqa omnyama emehlweni nasentanyeni. Umdli wezinyosi onamakhanda aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka umele kancane umndeni. Ubude bayo bungu-19 cm kuphela kanti isisindo sayo asidluli ku-30g.
12. Umdli wezinyosi waseNubian... Ilungu lomndeni elikhanyayo ngokumangazayo neliphikisayo libizwa nangokuthi isidla-bee esinsomi noma odla izinyosi obomvu... Isiphongo nesilevu kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zonke ezinye izimpaphe zibomvana, zifakwe obomvu, oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nonsundu. Ubude bomzimba ngu-40cm. Ehlobo uhlala enyakatho naseningizimu ye-Afrika, kanti ebusika e-equator. Ithanda amathafa kanye nezigodi zemifula, futhi ayiwunaki umhlume.
13. Idla izinyosi... Isici sale nyoni akugcini nje ngobuningi bezimbali ezimpapheni, kodwa futhi nokuguquka okubushelelezi phakathi kwemithunzi. Ngemuva, kunombala ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emaphikweni, okuluhlaza esikhundleni sombala obomvu. Yonke imibala ikhona ekhanda. Abadla izinyosi zothingo bahlala e-Australia nasesiqhingini saseTasmania. Ubhekana nobusika eNew Guinea.
Ngaphezu kohlobo oluchaziwe, kukhona nezincane, amaSomalia, ama-olive, amabele aluhlaza kanye nabadla izinyosi baseMalay. Zonke zihlukile komunye nomunye ngezimpaphe nendawo yazo yokuhlala. Akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi yikuphi ukudla kwezinyosi okuhle kakhulu, ngoba uhlobo ngalunye lunezici zalo ezihlukile, ezingenakulinganiswa futhi ezimangalisayo. Abadla izinyosi esithombeni kubukeka kungakholeki endle. Kuyintokozo ukubuka izimpaphe zabo.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Izwe lezinyoni yizindawo ezishisayo nezingwadule. Yingakho-izinyosi zidla imibala. Indawo enkulu kunazo zonke yokuhlala yi-Afrika, kepha abanye abamele batholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo ezisezingeni eliphansi laseYurophu. ERussia, indawo yokuhlala yezinyoni ayinwebeki enyakatho yezifunda zaseTambov naseRyazan. Abadla izinyosi bangatholakala esiqhingini saseMadagascar naseNew Guinea, e-Australia nase-Asia.
Abadla izinyosi bandiza ngokushesha. Lokhu kuzisiza zizingele ukudla khona kanye emoyeni. Izinambuzane ukudla okuthandwa kakhulu yizinyoni ezikhanyayo. Izibungu, amacimbi, izimvemvane zikajekamanzi - zonke ziyaxwaya ngokudla izinyosi. Izinyoni ezincane azinamahloni nakancane ngesisindo esikhulu noma ubukhulu obumangalisayo besinambuzane.
Ngaphezu kwakho konke, abadla izinyosi bathanda iminyovu nezinyosi, abasusa udosi ngaphambi kokudla. Ngenxa yokulutha kwalolu hlobo lwezinambuzane, abadla izinyosi bangasongela ukuqothulwa kwezidleke zonke! Ngesikhathi seSoviet Union, kwakukhona isimemezelo sokuqothulwa kwabantu abadla izinyosi ukuze kugcinwe amapulazi okufuya izinyosi. Futhi esikhathini sethu, bazama ukugcina izinyoni kude nezidleke. Kodwa-ke, kwatholakala ukuthi abadla izinyosi abaqedi ngisho iphesenti lezinyosi ezifayo ngonyaka.
Okokuqala, ukuduma kwezinambuzane kuhlola isisulu sisendaweni ephakeme. Lokhu kungaba yinsika noma uthango, uphahla lwendlu noma igatsha lesihlahla, lapho kuvela khona umbono omuhle. Lapho indiza, le nyoni ibamba inyamazane, iyibulale ngokushaya phansi, idabule amaphiko ayo, udosi nezinye izitho eziphazamisa ukusetshenziswa.
Kwezinye izifunda, ukudla izinyosi kufakiwe kwiRed Book. Kungabonakala sengathi izinyoni ezinezimpaphe ezikhanyayo kangaka zihlala ezihlahleni. Kepha bakhetha imingxuma ezindaweni ezivulekile. Indawo yokuhlala ingaba amawa, izinkwali ezishiyiwe, amadolobhana angenabantu noma athule. Into esemqoka ukukwazi ukuhlomisa imbobo. Lokhu kwenza abadla izinyosi bafane nezinkonjane zasogwini.
Abadla izinyosi abathandi isizungu, ngakho bahlala emihlambini. Ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, imihlambi emikhulu, engaba yinkulungwane, ihlukaniswa ngababili. Nokho, lokhu akubenzi buthakathaka ubunye babo. Uma kunenkinga, izinyoni ziyasizana.
Ukwelashwa kwamanzi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwezinyoni. Ngenxa yokuthi izinyoni zihlala ezindaweni ezifudumele, izimuncagazi zingaqala ezimpapheni zazo. Kungakho abadla izinyosi bachitha isikhathi esiningi esihlabathini nasemanzini okugeza. Bathanda ukugcotshwa yilanga, bashelele izimpaphe zabo, banake ngamunye wabo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Isidleke esidla izinyosi ngumgodi omude ovundlile. Ngokuyinhloko owesilisa uyamba. Kubekwa umhubhe onobude obungu-1-1.5 m, nobubanzi obungu-cm 5. Cishe i-7 kg yenhlabathi iphonswa ngaphandle yizinyoni ngesikhathi senqubo yokumba. Umsebenzi wokwakha uthatha kuze kube amasonto amabili. Izinyoni zisebenza ngezindlela: zimba ihora noma amabili, bese zihlela ikhefu lesikhathi esifanayo.
Umgodi ombiwe yindaba yokuxabana kwezihlobo. Akuzona zonke izinyoni ezifuna ukumba umgodi onjalo, uma kunethuba lokuwuthola ngenkani. Abantu abambalwa abanquma ukudala inzalo kufanele balwe nokubuyela ekhaya.
Umbandela omkhulu lapho ukhetha owesilisa ukudala inzalo yikhono lokondla amaphuphu. Yingakho abakhongi bephatha abesifazane kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngemuva kokuba owesifazane enze ukhetho, ukukhwelana kuyenzeka. Bamba ingaqukatha amaqanda amane kuya kwayishumi. Mincane kakhulu, ekuqaleni ibomvana ngombala. Njengoba ichanyuselwa, umbala uyaphela.
Amaqanda afukanyelwa insikazi, kuthi owesilisa alethe ukudla. Kwesinye isikhathi abazali abazoba yizindima eziguqukayo. Futhi lokhu kwenzeka cishe inyanga. Amachwane azalwa enqunu ngokuphelele. Baqala ukondla kakhulu kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala, ukukhethwa kwemvelo kuyenzeka, futhi amaphuphu abuthakathaka afe lapho kunesidingo sokudla.
Ngemuva kwenyanga, amaphuphu ashiya isidleke somzali. Khulisa amatshwele abadla izinyosi siza abasha abazalwa kabusha kusuka kuma-broods adlule. Bathola ukudla kozakwabo abancane, basize ukulwa nezilwane ezidla ezinye.
Ngokungafani nabamele izinyoni, abadla izinyosi abanandaba nesembozo "sangaphansi" sesidleke. Aziphathi imicu yotshani, i-fluff namahlamvu emigodini yazo. Ngenqubo yokufukamela, insikazi ibuyisa izinsalela zezinambuzane ezingagayiwe: amaphiko, imilenze, eyakha udoti omuhle kakhulu wenzalo.
Izinyoni ezidla inyama aziyona ingozi ekubanjweni yizinyosi. Lokhu kwenziwa yimigodi ejulile, ekuhlelweni kwezinyoni ezichitha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo omkhulu. Isidleke singaphazanyiswa yizinja noma izimpungushe. Kodwa-ke, iqanda elilodwa linesisindo esingu-5-7 amagremu, futhi ne-clutch enkulu ayikwazi ukugcwalisa umhlaseli. Isikhathi sokuphila cishe iminyaka engu-4.
