I-Keklik - inyoni yokufunda, efana nokuziphatha kwayo okufunayo, intsha esebenzayo. Okungenani yilokhu okushiwo abahambi nabazingeli abaningi ngalolu hlobo lwenyoni. Kulesi sihloko ungajwayelana nencazelo yokhokho, indlela yabo yokuphila, funda kabanzi ngokuzingela nokugcina lezi zinyoni zithunjiwe.
Inyoni chuklik - umdlalo oyintandokazi wabazingeli. Yize ithandwa kakhulu ngababambisi, lolu hlobo lwenhlayiya lusatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezinkulu emakhoneni omhlaba angabonakali. Izilwane eziningi ezidla inyama azinqabi intaba yesikhonzi sasemini, kaningi zihlaselwa amakhaza nokuntuleka kokudla. Kodwa-ke, ama-chukek abhekana nabo bonke ubunzima.
Incazelo nezici
I-partridge yamatshe noma i-partridge iyinyoni encane uma iqhathaniswa nabazala bayo abadala - ama-pheasants. Ubude bomzimba abudluli ku-40cm, isisindo akuvamile ukuthi sifinyelele ku-900g, ezimeni eziningi kuyahluka cishe uhhafu wekilogremu. Ukuphakama kwamaphiko cishe kuyingxenye yemitha.
Izwi likaKeklik kungazwakala entathakusa, lapho abesilisa behlela i- "roll call". Kuzwakala ngathi "ke-ke-lik". Ibizwa ngokuthi intendele yamatshe yasentabeni ngokufana kwayo nenyoni nendawo yokuhlala ekhona.
Umhlabathi kanye nohlaza lwentaba lunquma umbala wezinhlobo. Iningi lezimpaphe ze-chuckleaf zinemibala ehlukahlukene enesihlabathi. Okumpunga kwakha izithunzi. Okuphinki nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okulula okuluhlaza kunciphisa izimpaphe ezibuthuntu. Ikhanda limibalabala kakhulu kunomzimba: izihlathi eziphuzi nomphimbo, kuhlukaniswe ulayini omnyama ocacile, izimpaphe ze-orange ezungeze izindlebe.
Iconsi elinombala wewayini lihlobisa ngaphambili kwangemuva. Amasongo abomvu agcizelela amehlo. Isisu se-partum sinemibala e-ocher elula; umsila uhlanganisa izimpaphe ezibomvu ezikhanyayo, kepha zibonakala kuphela lapho indiza. Abesilisa banezinhlwathi emilenzeni. UKeklik esithombeni ubukeka emuhle. Igcwalisa ukwakheka kwezintaba ezisezintabeni ngezimpaphe ezikhanyayo.
Izinhlobo ze-Keklik
Ipartridge iyinyoni eguquguqukayo. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 ezahlukahlukene emhlabeni wonke! Umehluko ikakhulukazi uhlobene nendawo okuhlala kuyo izinyoni. Ngaphandle, akubizwa kakhulu. Ake sicabangele ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu.
I-chukar yase-Asia
I-Asiatic Chuck yizinhlobo zezinyoni ezivame kakhulu. Imvamisa, kuyincazelo yakhe esetshenziswa njenge-canon yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, futhi ibizwa nje ngokuthi yi-chuck. I-chukarot yase-Asia inendawo enkulu yokusatshalaliswa: kusuka eCaucasus kuya ePamirs. Leli qiniso linquma ukuthandwa kwale nyoni ngokugcina ekuthunjweni.
UKeklik Przewalski
IKeklik Przewalski ibizwa ngenye indlela intaba yaseTibetan. Kulezi zinsuku, akulula ukuhlangana nekeklik eTibet. Indawo ehlala kuyo kakhulu yimifudlana esifundazweni saseQinghai. Ngeke kube nzima ukulihlukanisa ne-chukar yase-Asia: linikeza umbala wezimpaphe, awukho umugqa omnyama entanyeni.
I-Partridge yaseYurophu cishe ayihlukile ezinhlotsheni ezivame kakhulu. Ukwehlukanisa izinyoni, kuzodingeka ujuluke kakhulu, uhlolisise futhi ulalele umuntu ngamunye. Izimpaphe azikhapheli umehluko wazo kuphela, uhlobo ngalunye lunolimi lwalo.
Inhlayiya ebomvu ihlala enhlonhlweni yase-Iberia. It got igama layo ngesizathu. Kunqunywa umbala wezimpaphe. Ngo-1992, uhulumeni waseBrithani wakwenqabela ukuxutshwa kwentendele yase-Asiya kanye nengqovungqovu ebomvu ukuze kugcinwe okugcina kungumcebo wezwe.
I-chukar yase-Arabia
I-Arabia chucklik iyaphila, njengoba kushiwo igama lohlobo lwazo, e-Peninsula yase-Arabia. Igama lesibili lalesi silwane yi-chuck enamakhanda amnyama. Akuyona ingozi. Umehluko ogqame kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo zamaphaseji asezintabeni yizihlathi ezimnyama nomqhele.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Intaba chuklik - inyoni engathobeki, ngakho-ke, isatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezinkulu ukusuka eNhlonhlweni yaseBalkan kuya eChina. Lezi zinhlobo zivumelaniswa nezimo zaseMelika, eNew Zealand, eHawaii. Ngemuva kokunyamalala eCrimea, yabuyiselwa enhlonhlweni. Sishintshe i-chukar yomdlalo.
Uyakubona lokho chukar uhlala ezindaweni ezifudumele nezintaba. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi iChukhlik incamela ukuhlala ezintabeni, ezihosheni, emihosheni nasemithambekeni ehlukahlukene. Imvamisa, ama-partridges amatshe enza izindawo zokuhlala eziphakeme kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nolwandle.
Amanani angasondela ku-4500m! Ngakho-ke, ungathola ama-chukeks phezulu emaqeleni asezintabeni. Kodwa-ke, izinyoni zizama ukugwema izindawo ezinomswakama ophakeme womoya, ngakho-ke lezi zinyoni azikwazi ukutholakala kumathafa noma ezimfundeni eziphakeme eziphakeme ngokufanayo.
Indlela yokuphila yamapulangwe amatshe e-rutting ahlala phansi. Kuphela kanye ngonyaka lapho imihlambi ifuduka, futhi nalapho ibheke ngxi mpo. Izindiza zenziwa uma kwenzeka ingozi. Umhlambi wonke, uyamemeza, uyakhuphuka futhi uye egqumeni elingumakhelwane. Ama-Chuckles awabaleki njalo. Zingavikelwa yizimpaphe, ezihlangana kahle notshani obusemaqeleni, isihlabathi, ubumba, ukhuni namatshe.
Ama-Kekliks agcina uhlobo lwemihla ngemihla. Ekuseni kakhulu bayaphuma bayokondla, bahlole imithambeka. Ngasemini, zihamba ngezinyawo ziye endaweni yokuchelela nomhlambi wonke. Emahoreni emini ashisa kakhulu, aphumula ezindaweni ezinomthunzi. Ngemuva "kwehora elithulile", isikhathi sokunisela siphinde sibuye, futhi sithathelwe indawo idina, elihlala kuze kushone ilanga.
Ukudla kufaka ama-bulbs, amakhambi, amajikijolo, amacimbi, izintuthwane nezinye izinambuzane. Ebusika, ama-chukek anzima. Ukudla kwemifino kunzima ukukuthola ngaphansi kweqhwa, okudla i-chukotka ukugcwalisa ibhalansi yamanzi.
Njengoba wazi, izivunguvungu zeqhwa nokukhukhuleka kuvamile ezintabeni. Okwezingxenye zamatshe, umcimbi onjalo ungaba owokugcina. Izinyoni zithola indawo yokuhlala futhi zihlala kuyo izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ezimweni lapho iqhwa lishaya ngemuva kwesiphepho seqhwa, balahlekelwa ngokuphelele ukudla, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa bancipha futhi bafe. Abantu bayalulama kumasizini ambalwa ngenxa yokuhlangana okukhulu kwamaqanda.
Ama-Chuckles anezitha eziningi. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinyoni ezidla izilwane kanye nezilwane ezincelisayo zilangazelela ukuzitika ngenyoni encane okunzima kakhulu ukuyibamba ngenxa yempilo yayo yasemhlabeni. Esikhathini esiningi, ama-partridges amatshe axosha izimpungushe, ama-martens, amakati asemaqeleni, izinkozi zegolide noxhaka. Isitha sasebusika yiqhwa. Uma izinyoni zingaqoqani ndawonye ukufudunyezana, lapho-ke ngeke zisinde ebusika.
AmaKekliks athanda ukuhlala eduze nemizana. Ukhula ngokuvamile luyingxenye yokuphakelwa kokudla. Izakhiwo ezilahliwe zinikeza indawo yokukhosela emoyeni, emakhazeni nasezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.
Azihlali emagatsheni, kepha zihamba ngezinyawo noma ngokugijima emithambekeni. Lokhu kubenza babukeke njengabancanci - abafowethu emndenini wepheasant.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Okuzenzelayo keklik uhlala isikhathi eside impela - kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20. Ngokwemvelo, isikhathi sokuphila sincishiswe kakhulu ngokukhetha okunzima kwemvelo. Yize kunjalo, iningi elikhulu labamele ligcwele indoda eyodwa, okuhlukile kutholakala kwabesilisa abadala.
Isikhathi sokuzala siqala ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Ama-broods amakhulu abamba iqhaza ekusakazekeni kwalezi zinhlobo, inqobo nje uma kunokuzingelwa okungapheli kwezinyoni. Entwasahlobo, umhlambi onobungane uyaqhekeka: inyoni ngayinye ifuna ipheya. Abesilisa bahlela "imidanso" futhi bakhiphe imisindo enzima.
Zishaya amaphiko azo, zihehe abesifazane. Izidleke ze-Chuckleafs ezindaweni ezivikelwe uhlaza ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezizingelayo. Izindawo eziyintandokazi zokwakha izidleke ziseduze nemizimba yamanzi. Amanzi ayingxenye ebalulekile yokuziphilisa kwalezi zinyoni. Izidleke yimigodi emincane embiwa phansi. Ukujula kwabo kucishe kube ngu-4cm, kwesinye isikhathi kufinyelela ku-9cm, kanti ubukhulu babo bungaba ngu-30cm.
I-clutch ingaqukatha amaqanda ayi-7 kuye kwangama-21. Kukhona amacala lapho i-clutch yokuqala yesizini ifukanyelwa owesifazane, bese kuthi eyesibili ibe ngowesilisa. Izinkukhu zivame ukubumbana ngaphansi kwesandla sabesifazane, kepha zingahluka. Amacala abonwa lapho ama-broods amaningi ehlangene, hhayi ipheya elilodwa, kepha izinyoni eziningi ezindala zazinakekelwa.
Izintaba zezintaba zikhula futhi zikhule ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa kuchanyuselwe, iphuphu lingalandela ngokuzimela umuntu omdala. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-3-4, akahlukile ezihlotsheni ezindala. Ukuphakelwa kwamachwane emsakazweni kuqukethe ukudla kwamaprotheni. Izibungu, izimbungulu zibahlinzeka ngezinto ezidingekayo zokuthuthuka okusheshayo nokuzuza kwesisindo.
Ukuzalela amantshontsho ekhaya
I-Keklik empeleni iyinkukhu engeyona eyasekhaya. Ngakho-ke, ukugcinwa kwayo akunzima ngaphezu kokuhlinzeka izinkukhu. Amapulazi amaningi enza keklik ukuzalanisa... Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-partridges awahambelani nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni: uhlobo oluthile lwenkukhu noma i-pheasant luqala ukushaya olunye.
AmaKekliks asebenzisana nabantu ngenkuthalo. Azizingelwa nje kuphela. Ama-partridges asezintabeni agcinelwa ukuzijabulisa: ahlobisa izindlu noma alwa ezinkundleni zezinyoni. E-Tajikistan, i-keklik ingaba yindawo yokuhlala yonke!
Ubunzima bokuzalisa ama-chipper bulele ekutheni abesifazane abahlali emaqandeni esibayeni. Ungakhipha amaphuphu kuphela ngosizo lwe-incubator. Iqanda le-Chuckleaf ingagcinwa amasonto amathathu ukuze ifukamelwe! Ngalesi sikhathi, ungakhetha amaqanda asezingeni eliphakeme, ngaphandle kwemifantu.
Amaqanda abekwa ku-incubator izinsuku ezingaba ngu-25. Izimo zomswakama nokushisa komoya kufanele kushintshwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuchanyuselwa, amaphuphu ayasebenza, ngakho-ke avakashelwa endaweni ekhethekile, lapho kugcinwa khona izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu - cishe ngama-35C.
Izimo ezikwi-brooder zingalawulwa kalula ngokubuka ama-partridges. Njengoba abamele lolu hlobo benesimo esingesihle neze, bakhetha ukuhlala kude kude komunye nomunye. Ngakho-ke, isimo lapho amaphuphu ehlangana ndawonye kufanele avuse ukusola - lokhu kusho ukuthi amaphuphu ayabanda, kuyadingeka ukwandisa izinga lokushisa.
Njengoba bekhula, amaChukhliks avame ukulwa. Ukuze izehlakalo ezinjalo zokuphila kwezinyoni zingabangeli umonakalo, kubalulekile ukugcina umthetho wokugcina amatshwele: kubantu abayi-10 - ikota yemitha eyisikwele. Uma isikhala sivuma, ngisho nezinkukhu ezahlukahlukene zingagcinwa esibayeni esisodwa!
Ama-chickpeas amancane akhululwe ekuthunjweni, njengezihlobo zamahhala, adinga amaprotheni wezilwane. Eziqiwini, lapho izinyoni zikhuliswa khona ngenhloso yokuzalanisa okulandelayo emvelweni, amaphuphu anikezwa izinambuzane: izintethe, izimbungulu kanye nezibungu.
Emakhaya nasemapulazini ezinkukhu, lokhu akunakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, abalimi bezinkukhu bafaka ukudla kwe-broiler nokudla kwethambo ekudleni. Kusanconywa ukondla abantu ngezinambuzane, ngemuva kokukhipha zonke izingxenye ezinzima: amaphiko nemilenze.
Ukuzingela i-chukar
AmaKekliks abanjwa ikakhulu esebenzisa izingibe. Ukuzingela ngesibhamu akuvamile. Abalandeli bezibhamu basebenzisa isihlangu esikhethekile sokufihla esibizwa nge-chordak.
Idivayisi yenziwe nge-burlap yelulwe phezu kwezinti eziwele. Imibuthano emnyama idwetshwa esihlangu, izimpaphe ze-chippers nezikhumba zomunye umdlalo zinamathiselwe. I-Chordak isiza umzingeli ukuba asondele ngangokunokwenzeka kuma-chuckles. Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa idivayisi, kuphumelele chofoza ukuzingela akunakwenzeka, ngoba ama-chukots anamahloni.
Ngokufingqa, singasho ukuthi i-chukar noma intaba yentaba iyinyoni emangalisayo. Muhle, uyinkukhu, uyaqaphela futhi uhlakaniphile futhi unenyama. Ingqikithi yazo zonke izimfanelo zayo inquma indlela yokuphila nezici zokuziphatha, ngaphandle kwazo abantu abangenakuphila emvelweni, lapho izidumbu, izinyoni, abantu, nesimo sezulu kudala ubunzima obukhulu.
