Ubukhali nezimo zezulu ezihlukile ze-tundra zidinga ukukhuthazela okungakaze kubonwe kanye namandla okubekezelela konke ukumangalelwa hhayi kuphela kubantu, kepha naphakathi izilwane ze-tundra. Nsuku zonke kunomzabalazo wangempela wokuphila, odinga ukuthi bonke abahlali be-tundra babe namandla futhi bazimisele.
Kumele bakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokuhlala ezindaweni lapho kubusa khona i-permafrost, indawo yonke ishaywa umoya obandayo, ebusika yonke into imbozwe yiqhwa, nasehlobo - ngamaxhaphozi.
Umuntu ojwayelekile ojwayelekile, noma isikhashana, uyesaba ukuzicabanga kule ndima. Kepha kuwo wonke umuntu kulo mhlaba kunendawo enikeziwe futhi lapho okubonakala kungabekezeleleki ngokuphelele komunye uzizwa ethokozile ngempela kusuka endaweni ahlala kuyo.
Okufanayo kuyasebenza ku- umhlaba wezilwane we-tundra... Noma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo kuyo yonke impilo yaso sifunda ukuzivumelanisa nokuhlala lapho, kubonakala sengathi, akunakwenzeka ukuhlala.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi yize izimo ezikule ndawo yemvelo zingakhangi kangako, kusenezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezilwane, izinyoni kanye nezakhamizi zemizimba yamanzi.
Cishe bonke bahlanganiswe yikhono lokuvula imodi yezomnotho ngokwamandla omzimba futhi baqoqe amafutha angaphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe bonke banezinwele ezinde nezimpaphe, okunengqondo bakhetha izindawo zokuzalela.
Ngamunye isilwane se-tundra ne-tundra yehlathi iyathakazelisa futhi ihlukile ngendlela yayo. Akunakwenzeka ukutshela ngazo zonke izakhamizi zaleyo ndawo ngaphakathi kohlaka lwendatshana eyodwa, kepha kusafanelekile ukunaka abamele bazo abaqhakazile.
I-Reindeer
Lesi silwane esiqinile singabizwa ngokuphepha njengesinye sezakhamuzi eziyinhloko ze-tundra. Kungaba nzima kakhulu kubantu bendawo ngaphandle kwakhe. I-Reindeer ingezilwane ezincelisayo ze-artiodactyl.
Kusukela ekuveleni kwesilwane, kufanele kuhlukaniswe umzimba waso ohlangene nentamo kanye nemilenze emifushane engalingani nomzimba onjalo. Isakhiwo esinjalo senza isilwane singabi sibi, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi sihlukile. Mikhulu futhi incane kancane. Abokuqala bahlala e-North North. Lesi sakamuva singabonakala ehlathini laseSiberia.
Isici esivelele kuzo yizimpondo, ezikhona kuzo zombili izinyamazane zesilisa nezesifazane. Lesi silwane esiyimizulane sihamba yonke indawo, kuye ngezimo zezulu nesikhathi sonyaka.
Eziningi zazo seziyizilwane ezifuywayo futhi zingukuhweba okubalulekile kubantu bendawo. Izinyamazane zinezitha ezinjengezimpisi, ama-wolverine, izimpungushe ze-arctic namabhere. Izinyamazane ziphila cishe iminyaka engama-28.
Impisi yasolwandle
Lo mlungu omuhle akahlukile ngokubukeka kozakwabo, ngaphandle kombala okhanyayo wejazi ngokufakwa okukhanyayo okubomvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impisi yasemaphandleni inomsila obushelelezi ofana nempungushe.
Ngosizo lwalo mbala, impisi izifihla eqhweni futhi ingasondela kuzisulu zayo. Le mpisi ihlaba umxhwele ngosayizi, futhi abesifazane bavame ukuba bancane kunabesilisa.
Impisi yasePolar inamazinyo anamandla angama-42 akhuthaza ukwesaba ngisho nakumzingeli onesibindi kakhulu. Ngala mazinyo, isilwane singaququda ngisho namathambo amakhulu kunawo wonke ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Njengabanye izilwane ezihlala emathafeni, impisi esezindaweni ezibandayo ifunde ukusinda ezimweni ezinzima kangaka.
Isisho esithi imilenze yempisi iphakelwe siyafaneleka kuleli cala. Njengoba sinemilenze eqinile, isilwane singahamba amabanga amade sifuna ukudla noma siphishekele isisulu saso.
Izimpisi zikhetha ngokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangakwenza ngaphandle kwawo cishe izinsuku eziyi-14. Lesi silwane sokufunda sisaduma izulu kubo bonke abahlali bethimba. Ukuphila isikhathi eside, kungabi ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-7.
Impungushe yase-Arctic
Lesi silwane esihle sizizwa sisekhaya ku-tundra. Akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi izimpungushe zase-Arctic ukuzitholela ukudla, kwesinye isikhathi ziba yiqhwa esimweni sezulu esibandayo. Kepha bazizwa bekhululekile ngobukhulu be-tundra.
Isilwane yilungu elincane kunazo zonke emndenini we-canine. Izimpungushe zase-Arctic kufanele zichithe iningi lempilo yazo emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-zero. Kepha banekhono elihle kakhulu lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezinjalo zokuphila. Emininingwane yangaphandle, impungushe yase-Arctic inokufana okuningi nempungushe.
Uboya besilwane bufudumele kangangoba impungushe emhlophe ayesabi isithwathwa kuma-degree angama -50. Ukuze zizondle, ngezinye izikhathi izilwane zihamba amabanga amade ezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha. Umbala wesilwane uyashintsha kuye ngezinkathi ezahlukene zonyaka. Ebusika, impungushe yase-Arctic imhlophe; ngokufika kwentwasahlobo, kancane kancane iba nemibala empunga.
Izilwane zingenza izindlu khona kanye emseleni weqhwa. Phakathi kwezilwane, izimpungushe ezibandayo ziyesaba izimpisi, izinja ze-raccoon, izimpungushe, nezimpisi. Eziningi zazo zabhujiswa ngumuntu, njengoba isikhumba se-polar fox sinenani elikhulu lokuhweba. Izilwane aziphili iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10.
Unogwaja wase-Arctic
Lo nogwaja obandayo ubhekwa njengomkhulu kunabo bonke phakathi kwabafowabo. Kusekhona umehluko phakathi kwamahares. Ubude bezindlebe ze-Arctic bufushane kakhulu kunabo bonke abantu, lokhu kusiza umzimba wayo ukugcina ukushisa okwengeziwe.
Imilenze yabo yangaphambili ifakwe uzipho olubukhali nolugobile abamba ngalo iqhwa. Ngaphansi kweqhwa, isilwane sithola ukudla, noma ngabe sijule ngokwanele ngenxa yomuzwa waso omuhle wokuhogela. Izitha eziyinhloko zesilwane ama-ermines, izimpisi, izimpungushe ze-arctic, ama-lynx, izikhova ezimhlophe. Izimbila ezimhlophe zase-Arctic zihlala kungekho ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu.
Weasel
Leli gama alihambelani kahle nalesi silwane. U-Weasel uyisidlakela esincane, kodwa esidla ezinye, esivezwa ubugagu baso nobudlova baso. Uboya besilwane bunombala onsundu ngokubomvu.
Ebusika, i-weasel igqoka ijazi elimhlophe qhwa elinenqwaba ende. Emilenzeni eqinile, emifushane yesilwane, ungabona uzipho olubukhali, ngosizo lwaso isilwane sihamba ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezihlahleni futhi sihlephula izimbobo zamagundane. U-Weasel usebenzisa ukweqa ukunyakaza. Uqalaza emhlabathini, uvuke ngemilenze emibili yangemuva.
Kubalulekile ku-weasel ukuthi kube nokudla okuningi okuzungezile. Ngeke ahlale endaweni lapho kungekho muntu ozomzingela. Ukwehluka kokudla okuhle nangezinsuku ezimbalwa kungabhubhisa kakhulu lonke inani lamagundane.
Ebusika, isilwane sihamba ngemigudu yeqhwa. Futhi uma kuneziqhwa ezinzima, kungahle kungabonakali ebusweni isikhathi eside. Ama-Weasel akufanele ahlangane nezimpisi, izimpungushe, izimbila, ama-martens nezinyoni ezidla inyama. Lesi silwane siphila cishe iminyaka eyi-8.
Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa
Lesi silwane sithathwa njengesikhulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwabafowabo. Umzimba wakhe awubukeki futhi unama-angular. Kuzo zonke izinkathi zonyaka, isilwane sinombala ofanayo onsundu omhlophe. Isikhumba siqukethe uboya nengubo yangaphansi, esindisa amabhere kusuka emakhazeni amakhulu, futhi futhi sikwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside emanzini aneqhwa.
Ekuqaleni kungahle kubonakale sengathi ibhere lasezindaweni ezibandayo liyindida futhi liyindida. Kepha ukuqonda kuza lapho ubona ukuthi ngobuqili le nsizwa ibhukuda futhi icwile kanjani.
Linqoba ibanga elide lifuna ukudla, ibhere lizingela ngobuciko. Kuyingozi kakhulu kubantu. Umhlangano nebhere elimhlophe uthembisa inkinga enkulu.
Ukungathandi okunjalo esilwaneni mhlawumbe kuvela ekwazini kwaso. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngabantu okuyisizathu sokwehla okukhulu kwenani lamabhere ngenxa yokuzingelwa ngokungemthetho. Ibhere alinazo izitha phakathi kwezinye izakhamuzi ze-tundra. Isikhathi sokuphila kwesilwane emvelweni sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-30. Ekuthunjweni, kungakhuphuka kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-15.
Inkabi yeMusk
Lesi silwane sasaziwa cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyishumi edlule. Babonakale ekuqaleni e-Asia. Kodwa ushintsho ezimweni zezulu lwashukumisa ukuhamba kwezilwane eduze naseNyakatho.
Ngokwemvelo, ziya ngokuya zincipha ngoba ziyindaba yokuzingelwa ngabahlali bendawo. Zonke izingxenye zomzimba we-musk ox bezilokhu zisetshenziswa ngabantu.
Njengezinye izilwane eziningi ze-tundra, zinejazi elijiyile elisiza ukuphunyuka emakhazeni amakhulu. Isici esivelele yizinselo, ngosizo lwazo izinkabi ze-musk ezihamba kalula emamaki eqhwa nasemadwaleni.
Akulula ukuthi le mifino izondle nge-tundra. Bazivumelanise nokudla amajikijolo, amakhowe, ubulembu. Izinkabi zeMusk yizilwane ezifuywayo. Ama-harem abo aphethwe ngabesifazane nabesilisa abaningana. Isitha senkabi yemiski yi-wolverine, ibhere, impisi. Izilwane ziphila cishe iminyaka eyi-14, kepha kukhona ezinye zazo eziphila iminyaka engu-25.
I-Wolverine
Kukhona isilwane esidlayo emndenini we-weasel, okuwukuduma kwezilwane eziningi ze-tundra. Lokhu akusho ukuthi lesi silwane sihlaba umxhwele ngosayizi. Isisindo sayo singeqi ku-30 kg, futhi ubude bomzimba wayo kubandakanya umsila imvamisa abukho ngaphezu kwemitha.
Uma usibheka ukude, isilwane sibukeka kakhulu njengebhere noma imbila enezingqimba nezitho ezingezinhle ngokubukeka kwaso. Isidlakudla sinamazinyo abukhali ngokungavamile asisiza ukuba sibhekane ngonya nesihluku saso.
it Isilwane se-tundra yaseRussia uncamela ukuhlala yedwa cishe yonke impilo yakhe. Abesilisa bahlangana nabesifazane kuphela ngenkathi yokuzala.
I-Wolverines inoboya obubaluleke impela, ngakho-ke iyindaba yokuzingela abantu bendawo. Kwakunezimo lapho izilwane zathanjiswa ngabantu futhi zenziwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Kepha abaningi bathi ngisho nangemva kwezizukulwane ezimbalwa, ama-wolverine ahlala engalawulwa futhi ethanda inkululeko. Isikhathi sabo sokuphila endle sifinyelela eminyakeni eyishumi. Ekuthunjweni, bangaphila iminyaka engu-7 ubude.
Ukulimaza
Lesi silwane esamagundane amancane. Kunezinganekwane eziningi phakathi kwabantu bendawo mayelana nala magundane amancane. Amahemuhemu athi babulala inqwaba yabantu abazibulalayo.
Ukufuduka kwalezi zilwane zifuna ukudla kwaba izingxoxo ezinjalo. Lezi zinqubo ziqala ngobuningi obukhulu futhi kunzima ukuthi zizimise. Ungabi yisithiyo kumagundane nemifula emikhulu endleleni yayo, lapho izilwane eziningi zizofela khona. Labo abasindile bazama ukugcwalisa ngokushesha inani labantu.
Kukhona abantu abathi izici eziyimfihlakalo zifakwa ulwelwesi ngenxa yezinzipho zazo ezimise inselo nebhantshi elimhlophe. Bathi bacabanga ukuthi baphenduka izimpethu enyangeni egcwele bese bephuza igazi lezimpisi.
Kubantu abakholelwa ezeni, ukuhewula kokuzwakala kuzwakala njengesixwayiso ngebhadi elikhulu. Lezi yizilwane ezisebenza impela. Bakhombisa umsebenzi wabo imini nobusuku. Amagundane adla ngokudla kwezitshalo. Izimpungushe ze-Arctic nezinye izilwane nezinyoni ze-tundra zondla ngama-lemmings. Azihlali isikhathi eside - ezingekho ngaphezu kweminyaka emibili.
Izinja ezilengisiwe
Abantu bomdabu be-tundra babevame ukusebenzisa iSiberia ne-Eskimo Laika njengezinja ezihlwaywayo. Izimpande zalezi zinja zivela ezimpisini. Izinja zinonya futhi ziyaxabana. Kepha banemfanelo eyodwa enhle kakhulu - bahlala bethembekile enkosini yabo ingunaphakade.
Izinja ezijijile ziyakwazi ukuzulazula esikhaleni, noma ngabe kunesiphepho esikhulu. Ngezinye zezimpawu zabo zokukhomba, bangathola kalula indlela ebheke ekhaya.
Ukukhuthazela nokungakhathali kusegazini labo. Abasabi ukudla okubandayo nokunganele. Kuze kube namuhla, ukuthandwa kungabasizi ababalulekile babantu.
Isiphingi saseMelika
Le nhlobo ingeyamagundane wesikwele. Lesi silwane yisibonelo esisodwa se kanjani izilwane tundra ingashintshwa empilweni enesimo sezulu esibi. Ehlobo, bahola indlela yabo ejwayelekile yokuphila.
Ebusika, ukuze ungazihluphi ngokudla futhi ungagodoli, ama-gopher avele alala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-gopher enjalo ingazi ngokungafanele ukuthi ifile, ngoba izinga lokushisa lomzimba wayo liyancipha futhi negazi cishe alijikelezi.
Vele, ngesikhathi sokulala, izilwane zinciphisa kakhulu isisindo, kepha zihlala ziphila. Ukuhlangana nama-skuas, izikhova ezineqhwa, izimpisi nezinye izilwane ezidlayo ze-tundra kungaba yingozi kuma-gopher. Amagundane ahlala ngaphezu kweminyaka emithathu.
Ingonyama yasolwandle
Lesi silwane esincelisayo esimangalisayo sinezindlebe ezincane, amaphiko angaphambili amade nabanzi, izinwele ezimfishane neziwugqinsi. Zondla kakhulu ngezinhlanzi nama-cephalopods. Ibhubesi lasolwandle lingahlala emanzini isikhathi eside ngenxa yezindawo ezinhle zokuvikela ungqimba lwalo olujiyile lwamafutha angaphansi.
Bacwila ekujuleni kwamanzi ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ukujula kwamamitha ayi-400 akuwona umkhawulo wamakhono abo kubo. Bachitha impilo yabo yonke emanzini befuna ukudla. Bafika ngaphezulu kuphela ukuze baphumule, bacwilise ilanga, ngesikhathi sokuncibilika nokuzalanisa.
Amabhubesi olwandle awabukeki eheha kakhulu ebusweni. Kepha emanzini abanakho okulinganayo kupulasitiki kanye nokukwazi ukubhukuda kahle. Izitha zalezi zilwane ezincelisayo zingoshaka nemikhomo ebulalayo. Amabhubesi olwandle aphila iminyaka engama-20.
Uphawu
Lesi sidalwa esinobuso obuhle singesophawu. Ukudla kwakhe kufaka izinhlanzi nama-crustaceans. Sekuyisikhathi eside kubhekwa njengento ebalulekile yezentengiselwano, ngakho-ke iba ncipha minyaka yonke. Ngalesi sikhathi, uphawu lukhona umhlali we-tundra obhalwe kuRed Book.
UWalrus
Le pinniped ingenye yezinkulu ngohlobo lwayo. Lesi silwane esikhulu sasolwandle sinesikhumba esijiyile kakhulu namazinyo akhula kahle nentshebe, esibahlukanisa nabanye abahlali bemizimba yamanzi. Banamehlo amancane.
Ngokuqondene nezitho zomzimba, zakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi kube lula kuzo ukuthi zihambele phezulu kunokubhukuda. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abakhasi, njengabanye abafowabo abaningi, kepha bahamba emhlabathini.
Ngosizo lwamazinyo, kulula ukuthi ocijiwe baphume emanzini eqhweni. Njengophawu, ama-walrus athathwa njengezinto eziyigugu kakhulu kwezohwebo, ngakho wehlelwa isiphetho esifanayo. Lesi silwane esithanda ukuhlangana sinomqondo othuthukile wokuzwa, sizwa ukusondela komuntu kusengaphambili futhi singaguqula isikebhe.
Bonke abahlali bomhlambi banomuzwa onganikwa ngisho nabantu abathile - ama-walrus ahlala amelana futhi uma omunye wabo engena enkingeni bonke abanye ngokushesha baya kosiza. Akufanele besabe umuntu kuphela. Izitha zabo ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe nomkhomo obulalayo. Isikhathi sokuphila sama-walrus cishe siyiminyaka engama-45.
Umbulali whale
Lesi silwane esincelisayo okuthiwa i-cetacean sithathwa njengomkhomo obulalayo. Futhi ngimbiza kanjalo ngesizathu. Umkhomo obulalayo unesifiso esikhulu sokudla. Uma konke kuhlelekile ngokudla kwakhe, futhi udla izinhlanzi, ama-crustaceans, khona-ke azikho izinkinga.
Ngokuvivinywa okusobala kwendlala, umkhoma obulalayo uhlukile kuzihlobo zomndeni nesihawu. Isilwane esincelisayo singadla ihlengethwa, iphengwini, ngisho nokuhlasela omunye umkhomo obulalayo. Baphatha isisulu sabo ngesihluku esimangalisayo.
Uma ingeke ibulawe ngesikhathi esisodwa, umkhoma obulalayo ungabulala isisulu kancane kancane, uzilume ezingxenyeni zomzimba waso. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, kunokuhlangana okumangazayo, ukubalwa okubandayo nokuzola.
Baxhumana kahle nomuntu. Kepha kulokhu, kunzima ukuqagela ukuthi isidalwa esidlayo singaziphatha kanjani, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokuzala. Lesi sidalwa esesabekayo futhi esinonya asinazitha emvelweni. Imikhomo ebulalayo iphila cishe iminyaka engama-60. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude besilisa buvame ukuba ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-5-10.
Uphawu
Izilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle zihlukaniswa njengama-walrus. Bachitha impilo yabo yonke ezintabeni zeqhwa. Lapho bayaphumula, babuye bazalane futhi basebenzise isikhathi se-molting. Lapho befuna ukudla, bangahamba amakhilomitha angamakhulu ukusuka endaweni yabo ejwayelekile.
Abantu benze ukutholakala ukuthi izimpawu zingakhala, kuphela lokhu kwenzeka ngaphandle kokukhala. Kuze kube muva nje, ubuchopho bezimpawu babuthathwa njengesibiliboco esikhulu ngabantu bendawo. Manje isilwane esincelisayo sithathwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa komuntu ngenxa yokwehla okuphawulekayo kubantu baso.
Izimpawu azinazitha. Ngaphandle kwemikhomo ebulalayo nempungushe yase-arctic, kwesinye isikhathi ehlasela izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zalezi zilwane ezincelisayo. Izimpawu zihlala cishe iminyaka engama-30. Abesilisa kaningi abaphila kule minyaka yobudala eyi-5.
Inhlanzi emhlophe
Izinhlanzi ezivela emndenini we-salmon zibhekwa njengomkhiqizo obalulekile wezentengiselwano, ngakho-ke, njengoba kwenzeka kaningi ezimweni ezinjalo, inani le-whitefish lehle kakhulu muva nje.
Inyama yayo iqukethe inani elikhulu nje lomsoco nezakhi zokulandela ngomkhondo. Ukudla kwezinhlanzi kufaka i-plankton, izinhlanzi ezincane, izikelemu nama-crustaceans amancane. Isikhathi sokuphila sale nhlanzi ebalulekile cishe siyiminyaka eyishumi.
Uhlobo lwenhlanzi
Le salmon yase-Atlantic, kanye nezakhamizi eziningi zamanzi ayiziganga, inenani elikhulu. Inyama yayo imnandi kakhulu futhi inempilo. Izinhlanzi zingakhula zibe osayizi abahlaba umxhwele.
Ubude bomzimba wakhe kwesinye isikhathi bukhula bafike ku-1.5 m, kanti umuntu omdala unesisindo okungenani esingu-45 kg. Usayizi ohlaba umxhwele kanjalo nokunambitheka kwenyama kudonsela ukunaka kwabadobi abakhuthele.
Izinhlanzi zondla amagobolondo, ama-crustaceans nezinhlanzi ezincane. Izinhlanzi ziqala ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kuphela lapho zineminyaka engama-5-6 ubudala. Izinhlanzi zivame ukutshalwa ngendlela engafanele. Uhlala iminyaka engaba ngu-15.
Ipartridge emhlophe
Yize ithambile nobuhle bayo, le nyoni inokukhuthazela okumangalisayo. Ubude bayo abudluli ku-40 cm, kanti inyoni inesisindo esingeqile ku-1 kg. Entanyeni emfushane yenyoni, ikhanda elincane elinamehlo amancane afanayo alitholakali ngokulingana nomzimba.
Yize imilenze yenyoni imifushane, ifakwe uzipho olucijile oluyisiza ibhalansi futhi ihlale kahle eqhweni, kanye nomgodi eqhweni ukuphumula kancane.
Impaphe yenyoni iyashintsha kuye ngesizini. Ebusika, limhlophe njengeqhwa. Phakathi nawo wonke unyaka, le nyoni ithola izithunzi ezinsundu ngokuxhunywa kwamaripple amhlophe namnyama. Yize iqiniso lokuthi ipartridge iyinyoni, ithanda ukuhola impilo yasemhlabeni, isuka ngokoqobo isikhashana ngoba kunzima kuyo ukwenza kanjalo.
Isidalwa esithule sihlala emhlambini, sondla izimbungulu, izicabucabu, izikelemu, izimpukane, izibungu zezinambuzane. Ngesikhathi lapho ukudla okunjalo kuyindlala ngenxa yezimo zezulu, amajikijolo avela ekudleni kwenhlwathi.
Izitha eziyinhloko zezimpaphe zingabazingeli. Kufanele futhi aqaphele izimpungushe zase-Arctic, ama-gyrfalcons, ama-skuas. Isikhathi sokuphila senyoni emvelweni asikho ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-4. Ekuthunjweni, amacala abonwa lapho ephila iminyaka engama-20.
I-Tundra swan
Le nyoni emangalisayo incane kakhulu uma uyiqhathanisa nabanye abafowabo. I-tundra swan incane ngokuphindwe kabili kunabo, kepha imhlophe nje, imnene futhi inomusa. Izinyoni ziya ngokuya zincipha emvelweni ngenxa yokudoba okuvulekile kuzo.
Abantu bayayithokozela inyama ye-swan emnandi kanye ne-fluff yabo enhle. Ukudoba okunjalo ngokweqile kungahle kube yingozi kule nyoni. Mhlawumbe esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, izimpaphe zizothatha indawo ohlwini lwezinyoni ezisengozini e-Red Book.
I-Loon
Izinyoni zamanzi zigqamile phakathi kwabo bonke abanye abafowabo. Cishe zilingana nehansi eliphakathi noma idada elikhulu. Izimpukane ezindizayo esibhakabhakeni ziyehluka kuzo zonke ezinye izihlobo zazo ngamaphiko amancane nezitho, njengomsila, owelulwe ngokusobala emuva.
Ukundiza kwazo kubonakala ngokutsheka kwekhanda intamo ibheke phansi, nakho okuyisici salezi zinyoni kuphela. Abesilisa nabesifazane abanakho umehluko ophawulekayo. Izinyoni zikhululekile kakhulu emanzini kunasemhlabeni, ngakho-ke ungazibona ogwini, kepha kuyaqabukela.
Sinenkosi a ezithakazelisa kakhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye esindayo gait. Izimbongolo azibonakali zihamba, kodwa zikhasa ngesisu. Ngisho nesikhathi sokulala sihambisana namanzi ezinyoni. Emhlabeni bahlala esidlekeni kuphela.
Lesi sidalwa esinomsindo singabubula futhi simemeze kakhulu, okuyinto engafani neze nezinyoni. Ama-Loon anesithembu, agcina ukwethembeka kumlingani wawo womphefumulo kukho konke ukuphila kwabo, okuyindlela, ehlala cishe iminyaka engama-20.
Isikhova Esincane
Izinhlobo ezinobuhlanya ezinhle ezinobuhlanya obukhulu obukhulu, ikhanda eliyindilinga nezimpaphe ezimhlophe. Izimpaphe ezinjalo zisiza le nyoni ukuba izifihle kalula eqhweni. Empeleni, isikhova esineqhwa siyisidalwa esisebenzayo. Ukudla kwakhe kufaka amagundane nolamula, izinyoni, izinyoni, amagundane amancane. Kwesinye isikhathi kusetshenziswa isidumbu nenhlanzi.
Le enezimpaphe izingela ihleli, kwesinye isikhathi ikwazi ukubamba izinyoni lapho zindiza. Isikhova sigwinya izisulu ezincane singashintshi, sihudula inyamazane enkulu ethe xaxa kuso bese siyidabula sibe yizicucu ngosizo lwezinzipho zaso.
Phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa, izikhova ezineqhwa zingahlukaniswa ngokukhala okukhulu ngokuzumayo nangokukhala. Kwesinye isikhathi, lapho inyoni ijabule kakhulu, ingakhipha i-trill yokukhala. Isikhathi esisele, le nyoni incamela ukuthula kakhulu. Izikhova ezibandayo ziyesaba izimpungushe, izimpungushe nama-skuas. Phila cishe iminyaka eyi-9.
Ama-Skuas
Ama-Skuas angamaCharadriiformes. Abanye bathi babangelwa ama-gulls. Izinyoni zinomlomo omkhulu ovalwe ngesikhumba. Ithiphu yayo isicabalele, futhi isisekelo sayo siyindilinga. Phezulu, uqhwaku luguqa phansi. Izimpiko zinobude obude nobude obucijile.
Umsila uyindilinga unezimpaphe eziyi-12. Izinyoni zingabantu ababhukudi abanekhono, okungeke kushiwo ngekhono lazo lokuntywila, ngakho-ke zikhetha ukuzingela izinhlanzi ezibhukuda zisondele phezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathanda amagundane amancane nama-mollusks. Lezi zinyoni cishe azinazitha emvelweni. Baphila cishe iminyaka engama-20.
UMerlin
Le nyoni ingeyekhozi futhi ithathwa njengenye yezinkulu kunazo zonke kulezi zinhlobo. Abesifazane bangaba nesisindo esingafika ku-2 kg. Abesilisa ngokuvamile bakhanya izikhathi ezimbili. Ama-Gyrfalcones anombala onsundu-mpunga ngombala nokungcola okumhlophe. Abathandi ukuntanta emoyeni. Zindiza ngokushesha, zishaye ngokushesha amaphiko azo.
Le nyoni icishe ifane nokhokho be-peregrine. Isici esihlukile ngumsila; ku-gyrfalcon yinde. Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, ungezwa i-trill ephansi ye-gyrfalcon enamanothi aphezulu. Izilwane ezincelisayo ezinamaphiko nezinyoni ezincane ziyondla.
Indlela yokubulala isisulu inesihluku. IGyrfalcon yephula imithambo yomlomo wesibeletho noma ilume ngemuva kwekhanda layo. Izimfanelo zokuzingela zama-gyrfalcons sekuyisikhathi eside zibongwa ngabantu, ngakho-ke abazingeli abaningi bayithambisa le nyoni bayenza umsizi ongenakususwa ngesikhathi sokuzingela. Izinyoni ziphila cishe iminyaka engama-20.
I-Peregrine falcon
Omunye ummeleli kakhekhozi ungumhlali we-tundra. Okhohlisi baphakathi kwezinyoni ezimajubane futhi ezisheshayo emhlabeni. Okuwukuphela kwenyoni engalethwa ukhozi endizeni evundlile iyashesha.
Izinyoni zikhetha ukuzingela amajuba, izinkanyezi, amadada, izilwane ezincelisayo. Abantu balezi zinyoni babhekwa njengokungajwayelekile ngalesi sikhathi. Ukwehla kwesibalo sabo kwaqala ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili.
Izinyoni zinamandla, ziyasebenza, zinesifuba esibanzi. Umbala wezimpaphe zama-falcons ubuswa mpunga ngemivimbo emnyama. Izimpaphe ezimnyama zibonakala ngokusobala ezincwadini zamaphiko.
Lezi zidliwayo zidla izinyoni ezincane ezahlukahlukene, izingwejeje, amalulwane, izingulube, izingwejeje ezisemhlabathini, ulamula, ama-voles. Ama-Falcons angabikwa ngokuphepha ohlotsheni lwama-livers amade, aphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-100 nangaphezulu.
