Ngokwemvelo, kunezilwane eziningi ezincelisayo esizibona ku-TV kuphela. Futhi uma ucabanga ngakho, empeleni, asazi lutho ngabo nhlobo. Bahlala kanjani futhi kuphi. Kukuziphi izimo nokuthi badlani. Izizala kanjani futhi zikhulise kanjani inzalo yazo. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, noma ngabe basongelwa yini.
Incazelo kanye nezimpawu zophawu lwendlovu
Indlovu yasolwandle, akuhlangene nakancane nendlovu yasemhlabeni. Ukufana kwabo kobulili kuphela - olwandle, ekugcineni kwesifonyo, kulenga inqubo ewugqinsi olungamasentimitha angamashumi amathathu, okuthiwa ifana nesiqu sendlovu.
Izilwane ezincelisayo zomndeni wezimpawu ezingenalutho. Yize abanye ochwepheshe kwezesayensi, izazi zezilwane, kade beyiphikisa le mbono. Futhi bathi ukhokho wabo okude, ngokumangazayo, uyibheji kanye nemarten. Izimpawu zezindlovu zinkulu ngosayizi, yize ziyizilwane ezincelisayo, ziyizilwane ezizingelayo.
Bahlala enyakatho yezwekazi laseMelika nasendaweni yase-Antarctic. AT I-Antarctica elephant seal wacasha kwabazingela ngokungemthetho. Izakhamizi zasolwandle olungaphansi kolwandle nolwandle olungaphansi komhlaba.
Laba bameleli, abaseNyakatho kanye Izimpawu zasendlovu eziseningizimu, eziningi ezifanayo ngokubukeka komunye nomunye.Izimpawu zasendlovu zasenyakatho inkudlwana ngosayizi wezihlobo zabo eziseningizimu. Amakhala abo, ngokungafani nezindlovu eziseningizimu, mancane futhi made.
Emndenini wezimpawu, uphawu lwendlovu yilona olukhulu kakhulu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ubukhulu bayo buhlaba umxhwele. Abesilisa indlovu uphawu isisindo kuze kufike kumathani amane enyakatho, namathani amathathu eningizimu. Bangamamitha amahlanu noma ayisithupha ukuphakama.
Abesifazane babo babukeka njengamasentimitha amancane antekenteke, maqondana nesizinda samadoda abo. Azinaso ngisho isisindo esifinyelela kutani. Ngaphakathi kwamakhilogremu angamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili namakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye. Yebo, futhi ngokufanele uhhafu wobude, amamitha amabili nohhafu kuphela, amamitha amathathu.
Futhi, abesilisa nabesifazane bayehluka ngombala woboya babo. Kwabesilisa, inohlelo lombala wegundane. Futhi abesifazane bagqoke amathoni amnyama, afana nawomhlaba. Ijazi labo loboya uqobo linemicu emifushane, eqinile kakhulu futhi eqinile.
Kepha uma ukude, ibukeka yinhle kakhulu. Njengemidondoshiya emikhulu ekhasa phansi ekujuleni kolwandle. Yini okungashiwo mayelana nesikhathi se-molting. Ingxenye yobusika, isilwane sisogwini.
Isikhumba sayo simbozwa ngamabhamuza, bese sislayida kuso singqimba sonke. Ngesikhathi sakho konke zasolwandle izindlovu Azidli lutho, zilele ngosizi ematsheni asogwini. Njengoba inqubo ibuhlungu futhi ingathandeki.
Isilwane sincipha emzimbeni futhi siba buthakathaka. Kepha ngemuva kokushintsha ingubo, uphawu lwendlovu lubukeka kanjani umbono omuhle. Ngawo onke amandla abo, izimvu zamanzi zendlovu ezimpunga phuthuma olwandle ukubuyisa amandla futhi ugcwalise isisu.
Izilwane ezincelisayo zesilisa zihluke kakhulu kunabesifazane bazo, ukuba khona kwesiqu okuthiwa yisiqu. Izithombe zezimpawu zezindlovu khombisa ukuthi ilenga phansi onqenqemeni lwesifonyo, imboze umlomo wayo.
Konke kuqukethe izindunduma ezinkulu, njengokungathi amatshe amatshe agxishiwe lapho. Abesifazane abanayo nhlobo. Banobuso obuhle obuhle njengamathoyizi amakhulu amakhulu. Kunezimpondo ezincane, eziqinile zokuzwela okukhulu emakhaleni.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ngezimpawu zezindlovu ukuthi ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, umboko wesilisa uyavuvukala. Igazi ligobhozela kuyo, imisipha iqala ukudlidliza, futhi kusuka enqubeni yamasentimitha angamashumi amathathu, isigamu semitha noma ngaphezulu, kuvela okuthile.
Inhloko yalezi zilwane incane ngosayizi, igeleza kahle emzimbeni. Inamehlo amancane, amnyama omnqumo. Isikhumba esisentanyeni yezimpawu zezindlovu sinzima kakhulu futhi siqinile. Uvikela isilwane ekulungeni ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.
Umzimba wabo omkhulu uphelela emsileni omkhulu, owemfoloko njengenhlanzi. Futhi ngaphambili, esikhundleni semilenze, kukhona amaphiko amabili anezinzipho ezinkulu.
Indlela yokuphila yezindlovu nezindawo zokuhlala
Ngakho-ke zihlala kuphi izimpawu zezindlovu? Ama-pinniped aseNyakatho, izakhamuzi ezihlala njalo zamanzi aseCalifornia naseMexico. Ngisho neminyaka eyikhulu edlule, babesengcupheni yokuqothulwa.
Inani labantu babo lalingeqi ngaphezu kwezilwane eziyikhulu. Babulawa ngesihluku, bagwazwa ngemikhonto, ngenxa yamafutha ezilwane ezilusizo. Ngezindlovu, ibisebenza njengongqimba oluvikelayo oyisentimitha eyishumi nanhlanu emanzini aneqhwa.
Endaweni efanayo lapho babhujiswa khona futhi bancibilika la mafutha. Inombolo yayo ifinyelele ezigidini zamakhilogremu, yingakho izinkulungwane zabantu zidinga ukubhujiswa. Kuze kube manje, kukhumbuza izikhathi ezibabayo, imikhumbi embozwe ulwelwe, ubulembu bezinyoni nokugqwala kusakazeke emabhange.
Izishoshovu zalwa kanzima ukusindisa abantu bazo. Okufanayo akunakushiwo ngezinkomo zasolwandle, ezanyamalala ngenxa yokuzingela ngokungemthetho. Futhi eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu, ngekhulu lokugcina, bazala abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanhlanu.
Isilwane esincelisayo esiseningizimu sathola isiphetho esifanayo, kwadingeka ukuba babaleke, bazinze eziqhingini ezitholakala kanzima zaseNingizimu Georgia, eMarion. Ngokufanayo, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zama-rookeries ezilwane eMacquarie naseHeard Island.
Inani labantu e-rookery eyodwa lungamashumi ezinkulungwane. Izinhlonhlo zase-Argentina zenziwe izindawo ezivikelwe, futhi sekuyiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu, konke ukuzingelwa kwezilwane kungavunyelwe.
Futhi, eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zaqala ukutadisha izindlovu zezimpawu. Yize zinemingcele yazo emikhulu, lezi zilwane zizizwa kahle emanzini. Zibhukuda kahle, zifinyelela ejubaneni lamakhilomitha angamashumi amabili ngehora.
Futhi bangabatshuzi abanjani. Ngemuva kwakho konke, indlovu, eyokuqala ngemuva kwemikhomo, izokwazi ukudonsela inyamazane ebangeni elingamakhilomitha amabili ukujula. Ukuntywila, amakhala akhe ayavaleka.
Futhi lokhu kwaziwa kuphela mayelana nezimpawu zezindlovu, balawula ukusakazwa kwawo. Icwila ijule ijule, igazi liqala ukugeleza liye enhliziyweni nasengqondweni kuphela, ngaphandle kokulimala esilwaneni.
Yini okungashiwo ngesikhathi esichithwa emhlabeni. Ngokubona kwami, lolu uvivinyo oluphelele lwesilwane esincelisayo. Ekhasa ogwini, akalokothi ahambe ngendlela ayidingayo. Ubude begxathu lakhe, amasentimitha angaphezulu kancane kwamashumi amathathu.
Ngakho-ke, njengoba ibhekane nezindaba zayo ogwini, indlovu iyakhathala ngokushesha okukhulu. Futhi into yokuqala efika emqondweni wakhe ukuthola ukulala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulala kwabo kujule kakhulu, futhi ukuhogela kunomsindo omkhulu kangangokuthi ososayensi bakwazile kaninginingi, ngaphandle kokwesaba izimpilo zabo, ukubala izinga lokuphefumula kwabo, balalele ukushaya kwemithambo yabo futhi bathathe inhliziyo yenhliziyo.
Banelinye ikhono elihlukile. Kuyamangalisa ukuthi izindlovu nazo zilala ngaphansi kwamanzi. Zijula emanzini, amakhala azo avale. Futhi imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu kuya kwengamashumi amabili isilwane silala ngokuthula.
Lapho-ke amaphaphu ayakhula, umzimba ufuthelana njengebhaluni, bese kuthi amaphinifa antante phezulu. Amakhala avuleka, isilwane siphefumula imizuzu emihlanu, bese siphinda singene ekujuleni futhi. Ulele kanjalo-ke.
Ukudla kwezindlovu
Njengoba uphawu lwendlovu luyisilwane esincelisayo. Njalo lapho ukudla kwakhe okuyinhloko kunezinhlanzi. Futhi i-squid, i-crayfish nenkalankala. Umuntu omdala angadla uhhafu wesenti wezinhlanzi ngosuku. Ukunambitha, banenyama kashaka ngaphezulu nenyama ye-stingray.
Imvamisa, amatshe amatshe atholakala esiswini sezimpawu zezindlovu. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi iyadingeka kwi-ballast, lapho indlovu icwiliswa emanzini. Abanye, ngokuphambene nalokho, basikisela ukuthi amatshe afaka isandla ekugayeni ama-crustaceans agwinyiwe.
Kepha lapho inkathi yokukhwelana iqala ezilwaneni, i-molting, izindlovu azidli lutho izinyanga, ezikhona kuphela ezinqolobaneni zamafutha eziwaqoqile ngesikhathi sokukhuluphala.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Masinyane ngemuva kokuncibilika, isikhathi sothando singena empilweni yezindlovu. Kusukela maphakathi nobusika kuya phakathi nentwasahlobo, izindlovu zihlela izimpi, bese zizala, bese zibeka inzalo yesikhathi esizayo ezinyaweni zazo.
Konke kuqala ngezindlovu ezishelelela ogwini. Owesifazane ukhulelwe kusukela ngonyaka odlule. Ngempela, ngalesi sikhathi baba nezinyanga eziyishumi nanye. Izindlovu zesilisa azihlangene nokukhulisa inzalo.
Ngemuva kokuthola indawo ethule, engaphawuleki, umama ubeletha izinyane elilodwa kuphela. Uzalwa eyimitha ubude, futhi enesisindo esifinyelela kumakhilogremu angamashumi amane. Inyanga yonke, umama wendlovu wondla ingane ngobisi lwayo kuphela.
Iphakathi kwabamele laba bantu, ikhalori eliphakeme kakhulu. Okuqukethwe kwayo ngamafutha kungamaphesenti angamashumi amahlanu. Ngesikhathi sokudla, ingane izuza isisindo kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho, umama ushiya ingane yakhe unomphela.
Inzalo yakhe ungqimba olwanele lwamafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba ukuze ikwazi ukuphila enyangeni elandelayo eguqukayo, ezimele yempilo yayo. Lapho zinezinyanga ezintathu ubudala, izingane zishiya ama-rooker futhi zingene emanzini avulekile.
Lapho nje owesifazane eshiya ingane yakhe, kuqala isikhathi sokulwa ngaphandle kwemithetho. Izindlovu ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ezindala zilwela impilo nokufa, zilwela ilungelo lokuba yinduna yezindlovukazi zazo.
Izindlovu zibhonga kakhulu zigqamane, zifuthele iziqu zazo futhi zizishwibise, ngethemba lokuthi lokhu kuzokwethusa umbangi. Bese kusetshenziswa amazinyo anamandla, abukhali. Ophumeleleyo uqoqa izintokazi eziseduze kwakhe. Abanye banabesifazane nabesifazane abangamakhulu amathathu.
Futhi isisulu, nabo bonke abalimele, baya emaphethelweni e-rookery. Usazitholela umlingani womphefumulo, ngaphandle kwegunya le-hyper-male. Kuyadabukisa, kepha ngesikhathi sokulwa okunjalo, izingane eziningi zihlupheka futhi zife, azibonwa empini, zinyathelwa ngabantu abadala.
Eseqoqe abesifazane bakhe, umholi uzikhethela yena, ngokubeka ngokusobala ingaphambili lakhe ngemuva. Ngakho ukhombisa ukuphakama kunaye. Futhi uma le ntokazi ingathandi ukuhlangana, owesilisa akanandaba nezimo ezinjalo. Ukhuphuka nawo wonke amathani akhe emhlane. Lapha, ukumelana akusizi ngalutho.
Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kuqala, esizukulwaneni esisha, ngeminyaka emine kwabesilisa. Abesifazane, kusukela eminyakeni emibili, bakulungele ukukhwelana. Sekuyiminyaka eyishumi izimvu zamanzi zezindlovu zezinsikazi zikwazi ukuzala izingane. Bese baguga. Izimpawu zezindlovu zifa zineminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, engamashumi amabili ubudala.
Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obumangazayo, izimpawu zezindlovu nazo ziba isisulu semikhomo ebulalayo. Uphawu lwengwe lusalandela izingane ezingakakhuli. Kepha izitha ezimbi kakhulu, emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, noma ngabe kuzwakala kubi kangakanani, singabantu.
