Uhlobo olusebenzayo lomhlaba wonke luhehe abantu abanekhono lokusebenzela umuntu ukuxazulula izinkinga eziningi: ukuqapha impahla, ukusiza abantu abangaboni, ukwalusa izinkomo, ukusebenza emaphoyiseni, amaqembu okucinga. Inja yokwalusa isiyathandwa ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo ngezinto eziningi. Ngaphandle komthombo onamandla womvikeli, umalusi wesingisi, igcina isimo esihle, ingumngane omuhle kakhulu kumnikazi wayo.
Incazelo nezici
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezihlobene, inja yaseBrithani ayinkulu kangako. Ukuphakama okukhulu okungu-58 cm, isisindo esingu-27 kg. Abantu besifazane bancane kancane kunabesilisa ngosayizi. Inja yakhiwe ngokulingana, umzimba onamandla uhlangane kancane.
Umugqa wesifuba esehliswe kancane udlulela esiswini esishubile. Imilenze emide inemisipha, inamandla. Amapayipi ezinyaweni acindezelwe ngokuqinile. Umsila omfishane wehliswa kancane, ngothiphu ogobile. Ukubukeka okujwayelekile kuyavumelana futhi kuyalingana.
Ikhanda eliyindilinga ngezihlathi ezinemisipha. Izindlebe ezingunxantathu ziphakeme futhi ziyaguquguquka. Amehlo amnyama ansundu okwe-alimondi. Ukubuka kwenja kungena kakhulu, kuhlakaniphile. Kuthuthukiswe imihlathi enamazinyo aqinile amhlophe, okuyinto engavamile kakhulu ezinjeni.
Ijazi lenja linobude obumaphakathi, liyacwebezela. Izinwele zinde ezungeze izindlebe nasemuva kwezidladla kunenye indawo emzimbeni. Izinwele zivame ukuqonde, yize kutholakala nokuvuka. Ibhantshi elijiyile livikela isimo sezulu esibandayo. Umbala uyehluka ngokuhlangana okumnyama, okumhlophe, nokubomvu.
I-English Shepherd ingenye yezinhlobo ezihlakaniphe kakhulu zezinja
Abelusi abangamaNgisi bahlukaniswa ngesidingo esikhulu sokuvivinya umzimba. Bayakwazi ukumboza amabanga amade ezindaweni ezinzima kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu. Uhlobo lolo lukhethekile ekwaluseni izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemfuyo, ukuvikela imihlambi, nokuhamba amabanga amade.
Inja inomsindo kamalusi emapulazini amaningi, lapho bekugcinwa khona izinkukhu nezinkomo. Umndeni wonke wawuphathiswe isilwane esizinikele. Inja yayilawula izilwane ezinamaphiko ahlukanisiwe nezinamaphiko, ivikela igceke kumagundane, ibhekane nezokuphepha, ibingumngani wawo wonke amalungu omndeni ngenxa yobumnene bayo.
Izinhlobo
Umalusi oyiNgisi ayikaze ithole amazinga asemthethweni, ayaziwa yimifelandawonye ye-canine, azikho izinhlobo zohlobo. Ngokuya ngezinga leBritish Kennel Club - okuwukuphela kwayo ebhalise uhlobo eqenjini elisebenzayo - kunezinhlobo ezine ze-English Shepherd Dogs ngombala:
- umzimba omnyama onesikhumba esimhlophe (isisu, intamo, isifonyo);
- umzimba omnyama onesikhumba esibomvu;
- i-sable (ebomvu ngokubomvu);
- i-tricolor (obomvu, omnyama, omhlophe).
Umbala onombala omnyama wehluka phakathi kwemibala emithathu kusuka enhlanganisweni kufaka phakathi ama-shades amabili noma i-tricolor ephelele ngaphakathi kwezimpawu ezijwayelekile. Umelusi wesingisi omhlophe Okuhlukile okungajwayelekile okuhambisana ne-albinism.
Umlando wozalo
Umsuka we-English Shepherd Dogs uhlanganiswe izinganekwane, ngokusho kwawo amabutho aseRoma awaletha eBritish Isles. Izinja zezinkomo zasebenza ngokwethembeka ekuvikeleni imihlambi yasebukhosini kaJulius Caesar, zaqinisekisa ukuphepha komuntu siqu kwamasosha.
Ngesikhathi sokwehla, ukwehliswa kwemihlambi yezinja kwashiywa. Izakhamizi zakuleyondawo zicoshe izihambeli ezinemilenze emine. Kancane kancane, ukuwela okuzenzakalelayo nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kwenzeka. Intshisekelo yezinja yanda lapho bona, kanye nabahlali bokuqala baseBrithani ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, bezithola eNyakatho Melika.
Abalimi bendawo babedinga abasizi basemapulazini abanobuhlakani nonogada. Uhlobo lwezinhloso eziningi lwaziswa, futhi baqala ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo zokusebenza. Abafuyi bawela izinja zaseBrithani ngezinja zokwelusa i-collie kanye ne-border collie.
Ukuzala umalusi wesingisi ngesimo sayo samanje yamukelwa ngo-1934 yi-United Kennel Club. Ngaphandle kokwakheka kohlobo lohlobo lwaseMelika, leli gama ligcine izimpande zalo zaseBrithani. Ukuthandwa kwezinja kuye kwanda ngenxa yezimfanelo zazo eziguquguqukayo kanye nesimo sobungane.
Uhlamvu
Izinja ZesiNgisi Ezingabelusi zingasebenza njengesibonelo sokulalela nokuzola. Izinja ezi-Smart ziyakwazi ukuba ngabasizi abagcwele abenza lo msebenzi ngokuzimela. Uhlamvu oluqinile, izimfanelo zokusebenza zikuvumela ukuthi uzenzele izinqumo, usebenze ngenkuthalo ezimweni ezingejwayelekile.
Umsebenzi wokwelusa udinga izinga eliphakeme lokubekezela nokuqina kusuka ezilwaneni. Abelusi abangamaNgisi benza umsebenzi oncomekayo. Ikhono lokushintsha ngokushesha inkomba yokugijima, ukuhlola isimo ngokushesha, nokulawula umhlambi ongaphansi kokunakekelwa kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka komsebenzi wezinja.
Abanikazi be-English Shepherd Dogs babheka izimfanelo zabo zokusebenza njengezifanele ukwelusa nokuqapha imfuyo nezinkukhu ezahlukahlukene. Isimo saseBrithani ngezilwane ezifuywayo sisho ukuthi, bazwana namakati egceke ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Izinja ezingajwayelekile zibonwa ngokuqapha, kepha zigwema izingxabano uma zingaboni ubudlova obuzayo.
I-psyche ezinzile ikuvumela ukuba uzwane nazo zonke izingane, ngisho nezincane kakhulu. Umnikazi angashiya ingane isikhashana nomzanyana oshubile. Izinja azisoze zamcasula umntwana, ngeke ziklabalase, ngeke zethuse, zikhombisa ukubekezela okuyizingelosi uma ingane inyakazisa inja, idonsa izinwele, iphusha, ikhasa phezu kwesilwane, iyalimaza.
Izinja ezingabelusi zidlala ngentshiseko nezingane, zizozivikela njalo uma kunesidingo. Akumangalisi ukuthi ubungane obumangalisayo bezilwane bakha isisekelo sezindlela zokwelashwa ngemithi ehlukile - i-canistherapy. Ukuxhumana nezinja kusiza ukuhlangana kwezingane ezine-autism spectrum, ukuvuselelwa kwabantu asebekhulile.
Ama-English Shepherd Dogs nawo ayaphumelela ekukhonzeni abangaboni. Abanikazi bayakwazisa izimfanelo zokuvikela izinja, babanikeze ukuvikelwa kwempahla nensimu. Ubuhlakani obuthuthukisiwe buvumela ukubikezela izenzo zabantu ongabazi, behlukanisa izivakashi zendlu nabantu ongabazi.
Izinja ezingabelusi zithambisa izifiso ezimbi ngaphambi kokuba umnikazi avele, kepha futhi ziyaluma uma zizizwa zisongela ukuphepha kwazo. Okuqinile umlingisi ongumlungu we-english, ukubekezela, ukuhamba kukuvumela ukuthi ukhonze emaphoyiseni, usize emisebenzini yokucinga, ubambe iqhaza kwezemidlalo.
Enye yezinjongo ezibaluleke kakhulu zenja ukuba umngane. Bahlala bejabule ukuhlala nomnikazi, ukwenza noma imiphi imiyalo, ukubamba iqhaza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemisebenzi. Izinja zezimvu ziziboleka kahle ekuqeqesheni uma zibona umholi njengomnikazi wazo. Inja ehlakaniphile isebenza ngokwethembeka kuphela kumnikazi onegunya.
Inja ayikubekezeleli isithukuthezi, ukungasebenzi. Ukuhamba, umsebenzi udinga ukuqashwa njalo. Ukuthola i-English Shepherd yilabo bantu abangahlali emakhaya, abakulungele ukuhamba nenja, ukubamba iqhaza emincintiswaneni, nokwenza inkonzo ngokuhlanganyela.
Ngenxa yesithukuthezi, isilwane sizothola okuthile sokwenza, kepha isinqumo senja singadala ukuphazamiseka kumalungu omndeni. Ukuhamba okuvamile, imidlalo yokubonakaliswa kwejubane, ubugagu, ubuciko buzoletha injabulo esilwaneni.
I-English Shepherd iyinhlobo ethanda ukuzijabulisa futhi enenhlalo.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ukudla kwe-English Shepherd Dog kusekelwe ebudaleni nasekwenzeni kwenja. Umnikazi welulekwa ukuthi akhethe ngokuthanda ukudla okomile noma ukudla kwemvelo, bese unamathela kukho. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezinomsebenzi ophakeme womzimba zihlala zinesifiso esihle futhi zivame ukudla ngokweqile. Umnikazi udinga ukulandela usayizi wesabelo, asuse isitsha ngemuva kokuphakela, ukuze afundise inja ukuyala.
Ekudleni okwomile, kufanele ukhethe izinga le-premium, uhambisane nezincomo ezisephakeji. Ukwakheka okulinganiselayo kwama-granules kuqukethe izinto ezidingekayo zokulandela umkhondo, amavithamini. Imfuneko yokudla okuphakelayo okulungiselelwe ukufinyelela mahhala kumanzi ahlanzekile.
Lapho ukondla ngokudla kwemvelo, kufanele uqaphele ukungeniswa nsuku zonke kwamafutha, amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate. Ukudla kufanele kusekelwe enyameni ephakeme esezingeni eliphakeme, inhlanzi engekho emhlanjini, inhlanzi engenamathambo. Kufaka okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu okuhlukahlukene, imifino ebilisiwe, i-cottage shizi, izithelo ezintsha.
Kunconywa ukwenza inkambo yokwelashwa kwamavithamini njalo ngekota ngokubonisana nodokotela wezilwane. Ngokuvamile, ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba, ukukhula okusebenzayo kwenja, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa imisipha namalunga nemithi ekhethekile. Akuvunyelwe ukunikeza izinja ukudla etafuleni lenkosi, unikele inyama ebhemayo, amaqebelengwane, izitsha ezibabayo nezinosawoti, amaswidi, amathambo we-tubular wokudla.
Ukungezwani kokudla kokudla okuthile kungabeka impilo yesilwane sakho engcupheni. Uhlobo lokudla lwezinja ezindala lukabili ngosuku, ekuseni nakusihlwa. Imidlwane yondliwa kaningi - kane ngosuku, ezingxenyeni ezincane.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Imidlwane esukela onyakeni owodwa nohhafu kuye eminyakeni emibili ivunyelwe ukuqhubeka nohlobo. Abafuyi batusa ukumataniswa nesilwane esisodwa esinolwazi. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, izinja ezelusayo kumele ziqeqeshwe:
- imisebenzi yokubulala izikelemu;
- imigomo ebekiwe ngokuya ngeminyaka;
- ukwelashwa kwama-anti-mite.
Ungathola inzalo enempilo kuphela kubazali abavikelwe ezifweni. Ukukhwelwa njalo akukhuthazwa, ngoba ikhwalithi yemidlwane iyancipha. Ungahlela inzalo elandelayo kanye ngonyaka. Inja umelusi wesingisi ithwala izingane ezinezinsuku ezingama-56-72 ubudala, iletha udoti omkhulu.
Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sifushane kunenani lemidlwane. Umama onakekelayo uhlala ebuka wonke umuntu, afudumale, ondle, afudumale. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kuvumela imvuthu ukuthi ikhule ngokushesha, ikhuluphale, futhi ihlole umhlaba obazungezile. Ukugoma kokuqala imidlwane yesiNgisi etholwe eneminyaka engamasonto amathathu.
Ngesikhathi sezinyanga ezintathu, izingane sezilungiselelwa ukuthengiswa, zihlangana nabanikazi abasha. Ezinyangeni ezingama-4-5, sezikulungele ukuqeqeshwa. Isikhathi sokuphila sezinja siyiminyaka eyi-13-15, okuyinto eningi kakhulu kulolu hlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi uba ngumngane wangempela, ilungu lomndeni womnikazi wakhe.
Okufanekisiwe umdlwane ongumalusi oyiNgisi
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Kungakuhle ukuthi uthenge i-English Shepherd Inja yabantu abahlala ezindlini ezizimele, izindlu ezincane ezinendawo ehlanganayo, lapho ungahlomisa khona indawo ebanzi yesilwane. Ukugcinwa kwamafulethi akwamukelekile inja ehambayo. Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuyimvelo ngokwemvelo, isilwane sidinga ukucindezeleka kwansuku zonke ukuze sigcine isimo esihle, ukubonakaliswa kwemvelo enomusa.
Ukuzithoba, ukukhuthazela kwezilwane akudingi ukunakekelwa okuningi. Inja ihlanzekile, ukugeza kungenziwa kuphela lapho kudingeka. Ukunakwa kufanele kunikezwe ijazi lezinja ezingabelusi, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokuncibilika kwesizini. Ukuhlanganiswa njalo kuzovimbela ukwakheka kwezingqimba, ama-pellets.
Ukugcina ukuhlanzeka kwesilwane, kunconywa ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile, izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngenyanga, uhlanze amehlo nezindlebe zenja nge-swab kakotini efakwe ku-saline. Uma inja inikina ikhanda, iklwebha izindlebe zayo, kungavela i-otitis media.
Izifo eziningi zilashwa kalula uma ungaqali ukuvakashela kudokotela wezilwane. Izinzipho namazinyo kufanele kuhlolwe ukuvikela izinkinga. Impilo yesilwane ngokuvamile iqinile. Indawo esengozini ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hip dysplasia.
Intengo
Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola umdlwane wohlobo olungavamile eRussia, kungcono ukufuna isilwane esivela kubafuyi baseYurophu, e-USA. Kuyafaneleka ngaphandle kokuthungatha inja ezimakethe, kubathengisi abazimele. Ukufana kwangaphandle nenja yozalo akusona isiqinisekiso sokuthuthukiswa kwezimfanelo zokusebenza esilwaneni, ukubonakaliswa komlingiswa onomusa.
Ekheneni elikhethekile, imininingwane ngozalo, imigomo ngesikhathi sokuthengisa kufanele ilungiselelwe umdlwane ngamunye. Kunconywa ukuthi unake izinga lobudlelwano babazali, ngoba lokhu kuyimbangela yokungajwayelekile kofuzo enzalweni. Intengo yesiNgisi yoMalusi ayikwazi ukuba ngaphansi, isilinganiso sama-ruble angu-40,000.
Ukuthenga umdlwane wombukiso noma wezemidlalo kungabiza imali ephindwe kabili. Intengo ithonywe yizici eziningi, kufaka phakathi iminyaka yenja, imibala ehlukahlukene, ubumsulwa bohlobo lwabazali, isimo sempilo yomdlwane, ngisho nokuthandwa kwekennel. Izici eziyinhloko zesilwane okufanele usinake:
- uboya obuhlanzekile;
- ukudla okuhle;
- ukuhamba, umsebenzi, ilukuluku;
- amehlo acwebezelayo, ikhala elimanzi;
- ukuzwa okubucayi (ukuhlola, ungabeka okhiye eduzane).
Lapho behlangana nemidlwane, bayakujabulela ukuxhumana nanoma yimuphi umuntu. Uma inja iyigwala, lapho-ke ayisafanele ukulinda. Ukubonakaliswa okunamandla kuzodala izinkinga eziningi kamuva. Ukubukwa kwangaphambilini kokuziphatha komdlwane kunikela ngemininingwane ebalulekile.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
Izinja zaseBrithani zenzelwe ukukhuthaza abantu ukuthi basebenze. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezinamandla nezinamandla azipheli ukumangala ngamathalente azo:
- umalusi wesingisi esithombeni kubonakala kuzolile, kungakhathazeki, kepha empilweni yansuku zonke, ukuzingela intshisekelo kubonakala ngobungcweti obungakaze bubonwe yizinja - yena, njengekati, ukhwela ezihlahleni ukubamba inyoni noma ingwejeje;
- kudoti womalusi, ungabala imidlwane efinyelela ku-16 - akuzona zonke izinhlobo ezingaziqhenya ngomkhiqizo onjalo;
- ukuqonda kwemizwa yezilwane kukuvumela ukuthi ubambe ukunyakaza okucashile komphefumulo womnikazi wayo - inja isilungele ukwenza yonke imizamo yokuqeda ukudlidliza okungalungile, ukusiza umuntu.
Ukushaya okumangazayo kuhlangana nenhlanganisela yezimfanelo zobungcweti ezimangalisayo kanye nemvelo enomusa empilweni yansuku zonke. Kuwo wonke umlando wokuxhumana phakathi kwezinja ezingamaNgisi nabantu, abanikazi bezinja bakhombise ukubabaza kuphela abangane babo abangenantshisekelo nabaqotho.
