Izinkukhu kudala zagcinwa egcekeni lasemakhaya njengomthombo wenyama namaqanda. Izinyoni azikhuliswa kuphela ngezizathu zokudla. Kukhona abathanda ukugcina izinkukhu ezahlukahlukene zokuhlobisa. Ukulwa neqhude kuyathandwa kwezinye izifunda. Ngokuhlanganyela kuzo ukulwa nezinhlobo zezinkukhu kuyalinywa.
Kukhona nabalandeli beqhude abaculayo. Izinyoni ezikhethekile zikhuliselwa lolu hlobo lobuciko bezwi. Izinkukhu ezifuywayo kukholakala ukuthi zivela ezinkukhu zasehlathini zase-Asia iGallus bankiva. Ngemuva kokulungiswa okulandelayo kokuhlukaniswa kwezinto eziphilayo, baqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi iGallus gallus. Baye bagcina igama labo elijwayelekile - inkukhu yasebhange.
Izazi zofuzo ngo-2008 zathola okuncane: iDNA yezinkukhu ezifuywayo iqukethe izakhi zofuzo ezibolekwe kuGallus sonnerati (izinkukhu ezimpunga zehlathi). Lokho wukuthi, imvelaphi yamachwane asendlini, izendlalelo nama-brooders ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho obekucatshangwa ngaphambili.
Kunemibandela, izinkukhu zingahlukaniswa zibe izinyoni ezikhethwe kuzwelonke, zibe izinyoni ezifanelekile ezihlanzekile, kanye neziphambano - imiphumela yokuwela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nolayini, kuqoqwa izakhiwo ezavunyelwana ngaphambilini futhi kwenziwa ngokwemithetho eqinile yokuzalanisa.
Izinhlobo ezizaliswayo zezinkukhu zaqala ngekhulu le-19. Izinhlobo zezinkukhu ezizenzekelayo zithathwe njengesisekelo, esikhombise imiphumela emihle kakhulu eqandeni, enyameni nakwezinye izinkomba. Isidingo sokwenza okuthile kwavela ngenxa yokuqala kwezimboni, ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwamaqanda nenyama yenkukhu.
Kunezinhlobo zezinkukhu ezaziwayo ezingaba ngu-700 emhlabeni, kepha inani lazo lincipha njalo. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-30 zibhekwa njengeziphelile, izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-300 seziseduze nokuqothulwa ngokuphelele. Umkhuba ofanayo uyabonakala eRussia naseMpumalanga Yurophu: ezinhlotsheni eziyikhulu ezaziwayo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, akusekho ezingaphezu kwama-56.
Izinkukhu ezikhethwe kuzwelonke
Izakhamizi ezihlala kakhulu ezifundeni zasemaphandleni ziyizinkukhu, ezingabangelwa yiluphi uhlobo oluthile. Imvamisa kuyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaqanda abantu. Kwesinye isikhathi inzalo e-autochthonous ikhombisa imiphumela emihle kakhulu: ukukhiqizwa okuhle kwamaqanda, isisindo esihle nokunambitheka kwenyama.
Iphunga elivela kumhluzi ophekwe enkukhu ejwayelekile ezweni lidlula noma yini ongayilindela kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenyama yenkomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanikazi bezinkukhu bazizwa beziqhenya ngokuthula ngombala oyingqayizivele weqhude, umoya walo wokulwa nokukhala okukhulu kakhulu esifundeni sonke.
Izinhlobo zamaqanda ezinkukhu
Isisekelo sezinkukhu ezihlala emapulazini anoma iluphi usayizi amaqanda enkukhu endlini... Izinhlobo eziningi sezikhona amakhulu eminyaka, zisalokhu zingqimba ezaziwayo, azilahlekelwanga ukufaneleka kwazo.
I-Leghorn
Yaziwa futhi mhlawumbe uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lwezinkukhu zamaqanda lokuzalela ekhaya... Ukudalwa kwayo kubangelwa izakhamizi zesifundazwe sase-Italy iTuscany ngekhulu le-19. Igama lohlobo luhlotshaniswa nesikhungo sokuphatha saseTuscany - iLivorno, abaseBrithani abayibiza ngeLeghorn.
Kanye nabokufika base-Italy, amaLeghorns eza e-United States. Kuleli zwe, lo mhlobo wawuhlanganiswa ngenkuthalo nezinye izinhlobo zezinkukhu. Ngenxa yalokho, ithole idumela njengohlobo oluzalela amaqanda ngokushesha.
Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, kwaba yiSoviet Union. Lolu hlobo lwabekwa emapulazini amaningi ezinkukhu: eCrimea, esifundeni saseMoscow, eNyakatho Caucasus. Ukusuka lapho abasha beza emapulazini ezinkukhu.
Kuwo wonke amazwe kanye namapulazi okuzalanisa ngazinye lapho uLeghorn atholakele khona, lohlobo lwenzelwa ukucwengwa okukhethiwe. Njengomphumela womsebenzi wabafuyi, kwavela izinhlobo ezingama-20 zama-leghorn ezinemibala ehlukahlukene. Kodwa lezi zinyoni ziyigcinile ikhwalithi eyisisekelo.
Izimpaphe ezimhlophe zibhekwa njengezijwayelekile. AmaLeghorn yizinkukhu ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Iqhude labantu abadala lingafinyelela isisindo esingu-2.2-2.5 kg, izinkukhu zikhuluphele kuze kufike ku-2.0 kg. Iqanda lokuqala lizalelwa ezinyangeni ezi-4,5. Ukubeka amaqanda kuhle kuze kube yizicucu ezingama-250 - 280 ngonyaka. AmaLeghorn awazona izikhukhukazi zezinkukhu - awanawo umuzwa womama.
Uhlobo aluzithobeki futhi luhamba kahle emakhaya atholakala ezifundeni ezifudumele, ezipholile futhi ezipholile. AmaLeghorn avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa amaqanda emapulazini amakhulu nezinkukhu amakhulu.
Izinhlobo ezimhlophe zaseRussia
Ngokuzalela emazweni ahlukene (eDenmark, eHolland, eU.SA) kwathengwa izinkukhu zeLeghorn. Izinyoni ezafika e-USSR zaba yizinto zomsebenzi wokukhetha. Ngama-30s wekhulu elidlule, ngenxa yokuwela kwezinyoni ezihlanzekile nezinhlobo ze-autochthonous, okusha izinhlobo zamaqanda.
I-Hybridization yathatha cishe ikota yekhulu (iminyaka engama-24). Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-1953, ukuvela kweqanda elisha, uhlobo oluguquliwe "Russian White" lwaqoshwa. Izinyoni ezifuywa ezweni lakithi zihlukile kumaLeghorns ngezindlela eziningi zokuba ngcono. Manje lokhu uhlobo lwezikhukhukazi ezizalela ukuzalanisa phezulu uhlu lwezinyoni eziphelele eziye zaphumelela emapulazini asekhaya asekhaya.
Ama-Roosters athola isisindo kusuka ku-2.0 kuya ku-2.5 kg. Inkukhu isisindo esifinyelela ku-2.0 kg. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuzalela amaqanda, izinkukhu ezimhlophe zaseRussia zingakhiqiza amaqanda afinyelela kuma-300 aphakathi nendawo. Unyaka ngamunye le nyoni iphila yehlisa inani lamaqanda abekwa ngo-10%. Isisindo samaqanda, kunalokho, siyanda futhi sifinyelela kuma-60 g. Uhlobo lolo lubonakala ngokumelana okuphezulu nezifo, luhambisana kahle nezinye izinyoni. Ukungabi nengcindezi kubekezelela ukungakhululeki nokuphakelayo okuhlukahlukene.
Ukuzala kwezinkukhu ezinezindlebe
Uhlobo lweqanda lokukhethwa kukazwelonke. Isabalele e-Ukraine naseningizimu yeRussia, ngakho-ke ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi izindlebe zase-Ukraine noma zaseNingizimu Russia. Lolu hlobo lwe-autochthonous luyathandwa ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda alo kanye nesisindo somzimba esihle. Inkukhu ingabeka amaqatha angama-160 amaqanda angabi makhulu kakhulu (50 amagremu) ngonyaka. Amaqhude ohlobo lwe-Ushanka athola isisindo esikhulu se-3 kg, izinkukhu zilula ngokuphindwe kabili nengxenye - azidluli ku-2 kg.
Umzimba wezinyoni zalolu hlobo uthanjisiwe, ikhanda liphakathi, limbozwe ngesiqu esime njengeqabunga noma njenge-nut. Umbala wezimpaphe unombala onsundu ngokugqagqana okumnyama nokukhanyayo. Kukhona "intshebe" ebonakalayo esilevini, amacici abomvu acishe ambozwe ngokuphelele "ngamadevu" ezinsiba, anikeze igama lohlobo - ushanka.
Ngaphandle kwesisindo esilinganiselwe nezimfanelo zokuthwala amaqanda zezinyoni zalolu hlobo ziyathandwa phakathi kwezinkukhu. Lokhu kwenziwa ukubukeka okungajwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-earflaps yizikhukhukazi ezinhle nomama abakhathalelayo. Awudingi ukufudumeza kwezinkukhu. Ukumelana nezifo, ukungafuni ukudla. Abantu abajwayele ama-earflaps abanazinkinga nge hlobo luni lwezinkukhu okufanele uzikhethele ukuzalanisa ekhaya.
Izinkukhu zaseHamburg
Isisekelo se-hybrid sabekwa yizinkukhu, ezazigcinwa ngabalimi emiphakathini yasemakhaya yaseDashi. Abafuyi baseJalimane bakhiqize uhlobo olusebenzayo nolusebenzayo olunamagama wamahhala we-Hanseatic "Hamburg" avela ezinyonini zomdabu zase-Dutch.
Uhlobo lwakhuliswa njenge-oviparous, kepha ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo kokuzenzisa, kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlobisa. Izilinganiso zizonke ziyinkukhu ejwayelekile. Kukhona izici. Lona uphaphe olude, umsila obabazekayo nombala ongajwayelekile: amnyama, cishe amabala amnyama ahlakazekile ngasemuva jikelele omhlophe. Isizinda esivamile singaba silvery, bese izinkukhu zibizwa ngokuthi "inyanga".
Izinkomba zokubeka isisindo nokubeka amaqanda ziyahluka kancane kwezinye izinhlobo zokuma kwamaqanda. Inyoni ingathola isisindo esingu-2 kg, iqhude lisinda ngandlela thile. Baqala ukushesha kusenesikhathi, ezinyangeni ezi-4-5. Kuzalelwa amaqanda afika ku-160 ngonyaka wokuqala wokukhiqiza. Ebusika obubandayo, inani lamaqanda azalelwa isikhukhukazi saseHamburg lehla kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, lezi zinkukhu zikulungele kakhulu ukugcinwa ezifundeni ezifudumele.
Izinhlobo zenyama yenkukhu
Umthombo oyinhloko wokuthola izinhlobo ezisindayo zezinkukhu kwakuyizinyoni ezivela e-Indochina, lapho zazidlala khona indima ethile yokuhlobisa. Abafuyi abavela e-United States bathathe i-hybridization futhi bathole impumelelo emangalisayo. Ekhulwini le-19 kwavela izinhlobo zezinkukhu zokufuya epulazini noma epulazini.
Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama yenkukhu kuhlotshaniswa ngokungaqondakali negama elithi "broiler". Leli gama alisho uhlobo, kodwa indlela yokukhulisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenyama. Izinkukhu zondliwa ngokudla okunomsoco, zigcinwa ezimeni ezilungele ukukhula ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkukhu ezithengiswayo zitholakala ezinyangeni ezi-2, inyama yazo engasetshenziswa ikakhulu ukuthosa.
Uhlobo lweBrama
Igama lalolu hlobo lihlala likhulunywa kuqala lapho ziqala ukukhuluma ngezinkukhu zenyama. Izinhlobo zabomdabu baseMalay naseVietnam zidlulisele izakhi zazo zofuzo kule nyoni. Isisindo samaqhude e-brama sasondela ku-7 kg ongakholeki. Uhlobo lweBrama, ngaphezu kwaleso esisindayo, lwalunezinzuzo ezingangabazeki zezinkukhu.
Lokhu kunqume isiphetho sohlobo. Ukulwela ubuhle kwawina izimfanelo zenyama. Kancane kancane, izinkukhu ze-brama zalahlekelwa isisindo sazo futhi zaba uhlobo olukhulu lokuhlobisa. Isikhathi sokuzala amaqanda eBrama siqala sekwedlule isikhathi, ezinyangeni eziyi-7-8. Izinyoni ziletha amaqanda amakhulu angama-90 ngonyaka.
Zinomzwelo othuthuke kakhulu, kepha ngenxa yobuningi bazo (izinkukhu zinesisindo esingafinyelela ku-3 kg), amaqanda aqanduselwa avamise ukuchotshozwa. Ngakho-ke, i-brooder yasemfuleni ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukufukamela amaqanda ezinyoni ezinkulu ezifuywayo: amadada noma amahansi. Lapho kugcinwa ekhaya, umuntu kufanele acabangele ukubukeka komzimba kwalolu hlobo.
IJersey giant
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithi yizinkukhu zokudlela ezihamba phambili. Lapho kwakhiwa isigebenga, izinhlobo zeBrama, i-Orlington neLongshan zabelana ngohlobo lwazo lofuzo. Izinhlobo ze-Autochthonous zaseMpumalanga zibambe iqhaza ekwakheni izinkukhu zenyama. Isisindo senkukhu singafinyelela ku-7 kg. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinyoni zizala kahle, zikhiqiza amaqanda afinyelela kwangu-170 ngonyaka.
Imidondoshiya yaseJersey yagcina ukubukeka kwayo kwenkukhu kwendabuko yize yayinkulu. Abalimi bafuya izinkukhu ngezinhlobo ezintathu zombala: omhlophe, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomnyama. Kuwo wonke umuntu ofuna ukufuya izinkukhu zenyama egcekeni lazo, isigebenga saseJersey yisisombululo esihle kunazo zonke. Kepha ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngemuva kweminyaka emibili yokuphila, ukunambitheka kwenyama yomdondoshiya kuqala ukwehla.
Uhlobo lweCochinchin
Izinhlobo zenyama yaseMpumalanga. Yagcinwa futhi isalinywa emapulazini abalimi eVietnam. Ngokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okubuthakathaka (izingcezu eziyi-100 ezinyangeni eziyi-12), lolu hlobo lunekhwalithi ekhangayo: Ama-Cochinchins abekela amaqanda amaningi ebusika kunasehlobo.
Izinyoni zalolu hlobo azivamile ukugcinwa ngabalimi nabalimi. Kepha abalimi bavikela ama-Cochinchins njengezinto zofuzo ezibalulekile. Hhayi ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza kwamaCochinchins, amaningi asindayo futhi izinhlobo ezinkulu zezinkukhu. Igazi lalezi zinyoni ezizimele ngasempumalanga ligeleza emithanjeni cishe yazo zonke izinhlobo ezisindayo ezifuyiwe ngekhulu leminyaka elidlule nengxenye.
Izinhlobo zamaqanda nenyama
Iningi lezinhlobo ezikhona kakade zalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhethwa kwesintu bekulokhu kunezigaba ezimbili. Phakathi neminyaka embalwa yokuqala yokuphila, izinyoni zisebenzela ukuthola amaqanda. Ngokukhula, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kuyehla, ngakho inkukhu iyahlatshwa. Inyoni iguqula inhloso yayo: kusuka emthonjeni wamaqanda iphenduka ibe ngumthombo wenyama.
Izinhlobo zezinkukhu ze-Oryol
Ihlanganisa izimfanelo eziningana: isisindo esihle, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okwenelisayo, ukumelana namakhaza nesimo sengqondo sokungathobeki ekudleni nasezimeni zokuphila. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni zalolu hlobo zinombala omangalisayo nokubukeka okucacile. Amaqhude e-Oryol ezinsukwini zakudala ayengabahlanganyeli ababalulekile empini, azibonakalisa kahle eringini.
Izinhlobo zazalelwa eRussia futhi zathola isikhundla esisemthethweni ngo-1914, njengoba kufakazelwa yi-Imperial Society of Poultry Farmers. Isisindo esimaphakathi senkukhu ye-Oryol asidluli ku-2.2 kg. Ama-Roosters kwesinye isikhathi anesisindo esifinyelela ku-3 kg sesisindo esibukhoma. Isikhukhukazi esincane singazalela amaqanda afika ku-140 ngezinsuku ezingama-365, ngalinye linesisindo esingama-60 g Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inani lamaqanda liyancipha.
Isikhathi samanje esisebenzayo sishiya kancane kancane endaweni yokuzalanisa ngezinkomba ezijwayelekile. Ubuhle bezinkukhu abaziswa kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezinjenge-Orlovskaya ziyanyamalala kancane kancane, ziya ngokungajwayelekile.
Uhlobo lwe-Orlington
Ngezinye izikhathi lolu hlobo lungeqembu lenyama. Isisindo senkukhu sifinyelela ku-4,5-5.5 kg, isisindo seqhude singasondela kumaka we-7 kg. Ama-Orlingtons akhiqiza amaqanda ayi-140 kuya kwayi-150 ngonyaka okhiqizayo. Uhlobo lwakhuliswa njengenyoni ekwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga zenyama namaqanda zabalimi baseNgilandi.
Impumelelo kaWilliam Cook, umfuyi wenkukhu waseNgilandi nombhali wohlobo, yabonakala. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, izinkukhu ezisindayo zazithwala amapulazi abalimi abangamaNgisi. Ama-Orlington okuqala ayemnyama. Abafuyi baseYurophu baqala ukwakha empumelelweni yamaNgisi.
Ama-Orlingtons anemibala ehlukene eyi-11 adalwe ngokushesha. Zonke zigcine izimfanelo zenyama neqanda zama-Orlingtons okuqala. Baba yizakhamuzi zaphakade emapulazini abalimi baseYurophu. Umzimba wabo omkhulu, izimpaphe ezinamandla zibavumela ukuba babekezelele isimo sezulu esibandayo, kepha ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezinyoni kuncipha ebusika.
Izinhlobo zedwala lasePlymouth
Izinyoni zalolu hlobo zihlanganisa umzimba omkhulu nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okuhle. Amaqhude afinyelela ku-4-5 kg, izinkukhu zilula ngo-1 kg. Ngonyaka omkhulu, kuletha amaqanda afika ku-190. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zinkomba kwenza iPlymouth Rocks ibe yisakhamuzi esifiselekayo semindeni yabantu abampofu.
Lezi zinyoni zithandwa yisimo esizolile, ukuthambekela kokuchamisela, impilo enhle nokubukeka okuhle. Kusukela ngo-1911, okokuqala eMbusweni waseRussia, bese kuba yi-USSR, lezi zinyoni zaba yisisekelo sokuzalela izinhlobo ezintsha zezinkukhu.
IJubili likaBreed Kuchin
Ekhuliswe eSoviet Union epulazini lokufuya izinkukhu eKuchinskaya. Ngo-1990 imboni yagubha iminyaka engama-25 yasungulwa. Izinhlobo ezintsha zezinkukhu ezavela ngaleso sikhathi zaqanjwa ngokuthi "i-Kuchin Jubilee". I-hybrid iyinhlanganisela yama-Plymouth Rocks, ama-Leghorns nezinye izinhlobo.
Izinkukhu ezindala ze-Kuchin zinesisindo esingaphansi kuka-3 kg kancane, amaqhude azuza u-3.5-4 kg. Izinyanga eziyi-12, izinyoni zaseKuchin zizalela amaqanda angama-200 noma ngaphezulu. Okungukuthi, abalimi bakwazile ukuthola uhlobo lwezinkukhu emhlabeni jikelele.
Ubulukhuni obuhle bezempilo nobusika bukhuluma kahle ngokuzalanisa lezi zinyoni epulazini elizimele. Esigabeni sokudala uhlobo, banakekela ngokukhethekile le nkomba, befaka igazi lezinhlamvu ezifuywayo ezihamba phambili zasekhaya.
Izinhlobo zezinkukhu zaseYurlovskaya
Lezi zinkukhu zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi izinkukhu ze-Yurlov ezinamagama amakhulu. Kukholakala ukuthi lolu hlobo lwakhiwe esifundeni sase-Oryol emzaneni waseYurlovo, ngeshwa, ongekho manje. Umhlobo lo uyasinda. Amanye amaqhude anesisindo esifinyelela ku-5.5 kg, izinkukhu zifinyelela ku-3.0-3.5 kg.
Ngokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okuphakathi konyaka kwamaqanda ayi-140, ikhiqiza iqanda elikhulu (kusuka kuma-58 kuye kuma-90 g). Ngaphezu kwezwi elinomsindo, amaqhude aseYurlov anokubukeka okuvelele kokuziqhenya nesimo sokulwa. Kwakungelona ize ukuthi izinkukhu zokulwa zasempumalanga zisetshenziselwe ukuzalanisa.
Kuzalwe abamnyama baseMoscow
Lolu hlobo lwenkukhu lwatholakala e-USSR ngekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Umsebenzi wokuzalela wenziwa iminyaka eminingi ngososayensi baseTemiryazevsk Academy kanye nabasebenza epulazini lezinkukhu eBratsk, futhi kwaphela ngeminyaka yama-80s. Imithombo yezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha yizinkukhu zeLeghorn, New Hampshire neYurlovskiy.
Kwiqhude elimnyama laseMoscow, isisindo esingu-3.5 kg sithathwa njengesijwayelekile. Inkukhu ayizuzi ngaphezu kwama-2.5 kg. Kusukela eminyakeni engu-5-6 ubudala, le nyoni ingaletha amaqanda angama-200 ngonyaka. Le nyoni ihlukaniswa yimpilo yayo nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuhle ezimeni zokuphila ezahlukahlukene. Inkukhu emnyama yaseMoscow ivame ukuba yisisekelo sokuzalela izinhlobo ezintsha neziphambano.
Izinhlobo zezinkukhu ezihlobisayo
Ezinsukwini zakudala, ukuba khona kwezinkukhu ezinhle, ezingajwayelekile egcekeni kwakusho isikhundla esiphakeme somnikazi wazo. Indawo yokuqala phakathi kwezimfanelo zezinkukhu ezifunwayo isimo sabo sobuhle. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isisu sanqoba umphefumulo, izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zaba yivelakancane. Okudume kakhulu yilokhu:
- Ukuzala kwezinkukhu ze-shabo. Uhlobo lwasendulo lwakhiwa eMpumalanga. Ngaphandle, kusebenza ngempumelelo enkulu. Le nyoni ehlanganisiwe iqinile futhi ayikudingi ukudla nokunakekelwa.
- Izinkukhu zikasilika. Uhlobo lwasendulo lwamaShayina. Ihluka ngezimpaphe ezingavamile nge-shaft ebuthaka. Ngenxa yalokho ikhava yenkukhu ibonakala ingenangqondo.
- Bentamki. Iqembu lonke lezinyoni ezincane zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Zihluke kakhulu ngokubukeka.Impahla yabo ejwayelekile ukuthi abanesizotha futhi kulula ukuyinakekela.
- Uhlobo lwaseJapan phoenix. Umsila omude, ukuhlangana nombala weqhude kwenza lolu hlobo lube umholi ebuhleni benkukhu.
- Izinkukhu zePavlovsk. Ngesinye isikhathi lezi zinyoni zazithandwa kakhulu eRussia. Ukubukeka okuhlakaniphile kuhlanganiswe nokuzivumelanisa ngokuphelele nesimo sezulu saseRussia.
Izinkukhu zingumngane womuntu wesikhathi eside. Banika abantu iqanda, inyama, uphaphe. Banelise uthando lwabo nezidingo zabo zobuhle. Izinkukhu zenzele amaFulentshi okuningi kunabanye abantu. Ngenxa yezinkukhu, amandla aseYurophu, eFrance, athola uphawu lwesizwe - iqhude laseGali.
