I-Ukraine ingelinye lamazwe acebe kakhulu emhlabeni ngezitshalo nezilwane. Insimu yalo inabula amahlathi amakhulu, amathafa angapheli nezimfunda, izintaba ezinhle nezindawo zokugcina amanzi ezinhle.
Emlandweni onjalo we-chic futhi ohlukahlukene, izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-45,000 zitholakala kalula izilwane zase-Ukraine. Ungabona wonke umuntu lapha. Abaningi izinhlobo zezilwane zase-Ukraine ingatholakala ezindaweni zemvelo emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukuba khona kwe-Ukraine, ukwahlulela ngokumba, nakho kwakukhona ngaphambi kwenkathi yethu. Ngalezo zinsuku, izilwane ezifana nezingulube zazihlala endaweni yalo, umuntu angahlangana nobhejane, izindlulamithi, imvubu nezinkabi, okwakukhona uphawu lwesilwane sase-Ukraine.
Izinguquko emvelweni yangaphandle ezenzekile eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane zaphoqa umhlaba wezitshalo ukuthi ushintshe. Ezilwaneni, umzwelo wokuzivikela wasebenza, nabo kwakudingeka bashintshe futhi bavumelane nempilo entsha.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane kwakudingeka zithuthele endaweni efanelekayo nenhle kuzo, kanti ezinye kwakudingeka zithuthukise amakhono athile futhi ziphile ngokuya ngemithetho emisha. Mayelana, yiziphi izilwane ezihlala e-Ukraine, ungakhuluma ngokungapheli ngoba kumane kunenani elikhulu lazo.
Kulula kakhulu, kunabantu abangaba ngu-1200. Izikelemu isigaba kuhlanganisa abameleli 1400. Ama-arthropods - 39,000, izinhlanzi - 270, izinyoni - 344, nezilwane ezincelisayo - cishe u-108. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mininingwane ayilona iqiniso ngoba emvelweni kunokushintshwa okungaguquki enanini lezinhlobo zezilwane zomhlaba.
Izinguquko ezithi, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, zenzeke emvelweni, ziholela eqinisweni lokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zimane zanyamalala futhi azikwazi ukubonakala endaweni yase-Ukraine. Sikhuluma ngama-kulans, amabhubesi, ama-saigas, ama-ptarmigan, ama-hares amhlophe, ama-tarlans, ama-aurochs, i-bison.
Izilwane zase-Ukraine ezindaweni ezahlukene kubuye kwehluke. Indawo ngayinye yemvelo inabamele bayo. Ngoba izincazelo zezilwane e-Ukraine ngeke kube nasikhala esanele ngaphakathi kohlaka lwendatshana eyodwa, kepha abamele babo abavelele kusamele bakhulume kabanzi.
Impungushe
Lokhu kungenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu izilwane ezivamile e-Ukraine. Lesi sidalwa esinobuqili sishintsha umbala woboya baso kuye ngesizini nendawo okuhlala kuyo. Impungushe ibomvu ngokukhanyayo noma ngokusawolintshi okumnyama.
Uhlakaniphe kunabo bonke, unobuqili futhi unekhono kuzo zonke izilwane. Lezi zimfanelo zamsiza ukuba abe yi-heroine yezinganekwane eziningi, eziveza ubuhlakani nobuqili bokukhohlisa.
AmaWoodlands, imihosha ekhule ngokweqile, imihosha kanye nezindlu ezindala ezishiyiwe yizindawo zokuhlala izintandokazi. Abazijwayele ukuzihlupha futhi bangazimbela imigodi. Njengomthetho, ngalezi zinhloso basebenzisa indlu yomunye umuntu elahliwe, isibonelo, ibheji.
Isikhathi samahhala sokwindla nasebusika salezi zilwane sichithwa sifuna ukudla. Zibanjwa njalo amagundane. Ukuphela kobusika kubalulekile kubo ngokwakha ngababili nokuzalanisa izimpungushe ezincane, ngokwesilinganiso kukhona cishe abayisithupha babo.
Lapho izingane zizalwa, bobabili abazali bayazinakekela. Lapho nje izingane zikhula kancane, ubaba womndeni uyazishiya kuze kube yizinsuku zekwindla zonke izinkathazo ngenzalo zehlela kunina. Ngokufika kobusika, umndeni we-fox uyahlukana futhi wonke umuntu uqala ukuphila impilo yakhe ehlukile, eyimfihlo.
Umvundla
Ngubani ongamazi lo mmeli oyigwala izilwane zamathafa ase-Ukraine? Leli gwala elimpunga linokuzwa okuthuthuke ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, wonke ama-rustle amenza wesabe. Umuzwa wesilwane wokuhogela nokubona okuyinkinga ngokuphelele kuthuthukiswa kancane.
Izilwane zasendle zase-Ukraine zichichima ngalezi zilwane. Zitholakala yonke indawo - ezindaweni ezivulekile, umhlaba wezolimo, emaphethelweni emahlathini angavamile, izihosha ezigcwele izihlahlana, emathafeni ezikhukhula zemifula nokuhlanzwa kwamahlathi.
Unogwaja ungomunye walezo zilwane ezithwala uboya ezinejazi elihle ngokumangalisayo nelifudumele. Kwenza ukuthi isilwane singacabangi ngendawo yokuhlala futhi siphile emoyeni ovulekile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Ukondla, amahares ngokuvamile angasondela ezindaweni zokuhlala abantu. Zingadala umonakalo ongalungiseki ezingadini zemifino nezithelo zezithelo, njengoba zondla kakhulu ezihlahleni ezisencane notshani obuluhlaza.
Lesi silwane sizwa ngengozi. Ukubaleka, hares kungafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-50 km / h. Zikhiqize kakhulu futhi zingazala izingane kuze kube izikhathi ezine ngonyaka. Unogwaja nonogwaja ababona abazali abafanelekile.
Bangase bangavakasheli izingane zabo kuze kube yizinsuku ezimbalwa. Kepha kulezi zinhlobo, okungezona okwenzeka kaningi, kunomqondo wokusizana, izingane zingondliwa unogwaja wangaphandle ngokuphelele.
Ingulube yasendle
Lezi izilwane zasendle zase-Ukraine kakhulu njalo ngonyaka. Bayingozi kubantu futhi yonke imihlangano nabo ingaphenduka inhlekelele. Futhi njengoba zikhetha ukuhlala emihlambini, ingozi inganda.
Insikazi nayo yonke inzalo yayo ihlala inamathele ndawonye, futhi eyesilisa izingela ngokuhlukile kuzo. Izingulube zasendle zisebenza kakhulu kusihlwa nasebusuku. Emini, zilele ezindaweni ezingadluli kahle.
Ukudla kwalezi zilwane kubuswa ukudla kwezitshalo. Bathanda amantongomane, ama-acorn, izilimo eziyizigaxa, kepha kwesinye isikhathi bangadla izibankwa, amaxoxo, amagundane afana namagundane.
Ingulube yasendle elimele noma isilwane esibonwe emakhoneni kuyingozi enkulu kubantu. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, izingulube zasendle zimane zihambe ngaphandle kokuthinta noma ukunaka umuntu.
IBeverver
Kusebusuku ihlathi lezilwane lase-Ukraine vuka kuze kuse. Isebenza kakhulu ehlobo, lapho ama-beaver adinga ukulungisa ukudla ebusika.
Ukuze kugcinwe ukudla, ama-beaver asebenzisa amabhange asemaphepheni avikelekile, angatholwa futhi ebusika. Lezi yizidalwa ezinenkani kakhulu, zisebenzisa kuze kufike ku-20% wesisindo sazo sonke.
Bazakhela imigoqo ngaphansi kwendawo yokuhlala, okuphuma kwayo kujule ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, izilwane zizivikela ekuhlaselweni yizitha ezingaba khona.
Akukho nokukodwa ukuphuma okunjalo emgodini we-beaver. Ngokuvamile, yonke indawo yokuhlala yalesi silwane iyisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sokwakhiwa, nendawo yegumbi lokuhlala ngaphezu kwezinga lamanzi.
Njengoba izinga lamanzi echibini likhuphuka, ama-beaver kufanele akhuhlwe amabhola enhlabathi ophahleni lwendlu ukuze izinga phansi liphakame kancane. Izilwane zihlobisa izindlela zokuphuma emigodini ngamasheya akhethekile avimbela amanzi ukuba aqandeke kulezi zindawo. Uphahla lwendawo yokuhlala lunembobo yokungenisa umoya.
Lezi zilwane zinokuqapha okumangazayo. Ngaphambi kokuba bashiye lapho bacashe khona, bahlolisisa yonke into ezungezile. Wonke ama-beaver asendaweni azofunda ngengozi ngenxa yokushaywa yisilwane esisodwa ngomsila waso emanzini.
Bayizilwane eziqotho kakhulu. Uma bezikhethela izithandani, lokhu kungokokuphila. Kudoti owodwa we-beaver, ngokwesilinganiso, kunezingane ezingafika ezi-3. Kakade izinsuku ezintathu emva kokuzalwa, ziyabhukuda futhi zizondle ngokwazo.
Kuma-beavers ezithombe
I-European roe deer
Ngaphandle kwalokho, lesi silwane sibizwa nangokuthi imbuzi yasendle. Kubhekwa njengokuvamile izilwane zamahlathi e-Ukraine. Lezi zilwane ezinokuzwa okuhle nephunga zithanda utshani obumnandi, amahlumela amancane namaqabunga ezihlahla.
Zikhetha ukuhlala emihlambini yabantu ababalelwa kwabayi-12. Ngamaqembu, kulula kakhulu ukuthi izilwane zinakekele umsoco wazo nokuphepha.
Entwasahlobo, amaqembu ahlukene phakathi. Izinyamazane ze-roe ezikhulelwe zithola izindawo ezicashile, ezizimele zokubeletha izingane. Ngokushesha nje emva kokuzalwa kwabo, abesifazane kufanele bashiye ukudla. Izingane ngalesi sikhathi zilele endaweni ecashile otshanini.
Izinyamazane zeRoe azinalo neze iphunga elithile, elenza ukuthi zikwazi ukuhlala zinganakwa nhlobo ngumuntu odlayo. Lapho umhlaseli ehlasela umama nezingane, insikazi izama ngazo zonke izindlela ukuheha ukunaka kwakhe, kanti izingane ngalesi sikhathi ziwela zinganyakazi zihambe otshanini zihlale zinganakiwe.
Kuboniswe inyamazane yase-roe yaseYurophu
I-Hedgehog
Lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo sezikhona emhlabeni cishe iminyaka eyizigidi eziyi-15. Zincane ngesiqu - 25-30 cm futhi zinesisindo esingaba ngu-800 g. Ubuso obuhle besilwane buhlotshiswe ngebhathini elimnyama elimnyama, elihlala limanzi njalo. Umzimba wonke wesilwane umbozwe izinaliti ezincane, kepha ezibukhali ezisivikela ezitheni.
Lezi zilwane zihlukaniswa ngejubane lazo elimangalisayo lokuhamba, ubugagu nokuqina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hedgehogs ayabhukuda ngokuphelele, agxume futhi akhuphuke izihlahla. Abanakho ukuvikelwa kuphela ngendlela yameva, kodwa futhi banekhambi langaphakathi lokulunywa yizinyoka, i-arsenic, i-opium ngisho ne-hydrocyanic acid.
Lesi silwane esingahlonipheki sihlala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi singesabi ukukhetha izindawo eziseduze nalapho kuhlala khona abantu. Ukuze athole indawo yokukhosela, uzimbela umgodi yedwa, noma asebenzise imingxuma yezilwane ezilahliwe ukwenza lokhu. Phansi endlini ye-hedgehog kumbozwe utshani obomile, amaqabunga noma ubulembu.
Ama-Hedgehogs akhetha ukuhlala yedwa. Bangakwazi ukuhlala eduze kwezihlobo zabo, kepha abathandi lapho othile engenela ekhaya labo. Ukumvikela, bakhombisa ulaka olungakaze lubonwe. Bathola ngokushesha ulimi oluvamile nezilwane ezifuywayo. Ukushaya umlozi, ukuhogela nokukhipha imisindo kungazwakala kusuka kuma-hedgehogs athukuthele.
Lawa mazambane osofa asendaweni yawo yokucasha emini. Umbono wabo ushiya ungathandeki, kepha bangezwa kahle ngamakhala nangezindlebe zabo. Ngokufika kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ama-hedgehogs ayanyamalala, futhi isikhathi sokulala ubusika siqala.
I-Tarantula
I-tarantula ingenye yezinto eziningi kakhulu izilwane ezinobuthi zase-Ukraine. Ubude bomzimba walesi sigcawu bungafinyelela kuma-3.5 cm.Bakhetha indawo yama-steppes nama-steppes amahlathi ukuze bahlale.
Imigodi yabo iyabonakala impela emhlabathini. Akuthandeki nakancane ukuya kubo, kuphela kulokhu kungenzeka ukuthi ugweme ukulunywa okunoshevu, kwesinye isikhathi okubulalayo, uma umuntu enegciwane.
Isici esithandekayo se-tarantula ngamehlo abo, anezicucu eziyi-8 futhi enza ukuthi bakwazi ukubona ngokoqobo konke futhi kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Lesi sidalwa esidla inyama sihlala siqamekele isikhathi eside size sihlangane nesibungu, ibhere, ikhilikithi noma ibhungane.
Ngokukhuthazeka okumangazayo bavikela ikhaya labo ezivakashi ezingamenyiwe. Ngokungabikho ekhaya, izicabucabu zimaka indlela yazo ngama-cobwebs. Kwesinye isikhathi bangaya bengazi ukuthi bangaphi, sebelahlekelwe amakhanda bezifunela umlingani ofanele.
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, kwenzeka into ethakazelisa kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuvundiswa, insikazi ivuka iphango, futhi ingakudla kalula ngokuluma owesilisa. Impilo nesiphetho somlingani kuncike ngokuphelele kubuchule bakhe. Uma ekwazi ukuvika owesifazane, mhlawumbe uzohlala ephila.
Isicabucabu tarantula
I-lynx ejwayelekile
I-Lynx ibhekwa izilwane ezingavamile e-Ukraine. Kuze kube muva nje, bebehlangana ezindaweni eziningi ezweni. Kepha ngenxa yokudutshulwa kwabo, inani lezilwane lehle kakhulu. Njengamanje, ezimweni ezingavamile, ingatholakala kuphela kumaCarpathia. Ngokuphelele, ngokusho kokulinganisela, akukho abantu abangaphezu kuka-400 e-Ukraine.
Leli kati elikhulu, elidlayo lingakhula lifike ku-130 cm ubude futhi libe nesisindo esingaba ngamasentimitha angama-25. Abesilisa bavame ukuba bakhulu kunabesifazane. Izindlebe zalezi zilwane ezinhle zihlotshiswe ngamasentshana amahle. Umsila unqunywe ekugcineni. Lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo zihlala endle cishe iminyaka eyi-15-20.
U-Lynx uncamela ukuzingela ebusuku. Intandokazi yakhe ayithandayo yi-hare, i-roe deer, namagundane amancane. Ngenyanga kaMashi, izilwane zivuka zinesifiso sokuthandwa nokuthandwa.
Ngalesi sikhathi, amasoka amaningi alandela owesifazane, ukhetha okungcono kakhulu kubo futhi ngemuva kwesiko lokuqomisana, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka phakathi kwabo.
Imvamisa, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-75, kuzalwa izingane ezi-4 ezinhle, kuze kube yinyanga eyodwa ezingaphansi kokunakekelwa nokuvikelwa kwabazali bazo okuthembekile. Lesi silwane sibhalwe encwadini ebomvu futhi singaphansi kokuvikelwa okuthembekile kwabantu.
Kuboniswe i-lynx ejwayelekile
Ihhashi
Lesi yisilwane esincelisayo isilwane kuyinto uphawu lwe-Ukraine. Akunakwenzeka ukucabanga nge-Ukrainian Cossack efana nempi futhi eqinile ngaphandle komngane wakhe othembekile - ihhashi elimnyama. Isilwane sincane futhi sinomusa. Imisipha yakhe nomthethosisekelo wakheke kahle nangokufanelekile.
Ukhakhayi lwehhashi luyamangalisa ngosayizi, kodwa incane kakhulu indawo ebuchosheni kulo, engathinti neze amakhono engqondo esilwane.
Bathuthukise ngokuphelele ukuzwa, ukubona nephunga. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zalezi zilwane, ezenza ukuthi abantu bakwazi ukuzisebenzisa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yokusebenza.
Banobungane futhi bathambile, banokushesha futhi baqotho, banamandla futhi ngasikhathi sinye izidalwa ezizolile. Amahhashi asendle e-Ukraine awasekho emvelweni, wonke afuyiwe.
Amahhashi avuthwa ngokocansi ngemuva kweminyaka emibili ubudala. Ukukhulelwa kwabo kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-11. Kusuka kuye, kuzalwa izingane ezi-1 noma ezi-2, ezi-clumsy futhi ezingahambi kahle ezinyaweni.
Ngempela amahora angama-4-5 anele ukuba babuyelwe izingqondo zabo futhi bame baqinile ezingalweni. Amahhashi aphila cishe iminyaka engama-35. Kepha kunezikhathi lapho ziphila khona kuze kube yiminyaka engama-60.
Ukhozi olusegolide
Le nkosi yokhozi iyinyoni enkulu kunazo zonke kulezi zinhlobo. Isisindo sokhozi olusagolide lungafinyelela ku-6 kg. Izimpiko zayo zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-3,5. Le nyoni inombala omnyama-nsundu ngombala. Kepha lapho indiza, izindawo ezinhle ezimhlophe ziyabonakala ezimpikweni nasemsileni kusuka ngezansi. Bathi umsila wokhozi olusagolide mude kunayo yonke inzalo yokhozi.
Ukukhanya okuphezulu kokhozi olusagolide emoyeni kutholakala ngenxa yekhono lalo lokusebenzisa ngokuqonda ukugeleza komoya. Lapho ibona inyamazane, umhlaseli, ngaphandle kokungabaza, uyayishaya. Bangabanikazi abakhulu. Ukhozi ngalunye lwegolide lunendawo yalo yokuzingela, lungelula kuze kufike ku-4 km.
Imvamisa insikazi izalela ngaphezu kwamaqanda ama-2. Bobabili abazali banakekela amaphuphu achanyuselwe. Kepha ngezinga elikhulu, owesilisa kufanele athole ukudla, kuyilapho owesifazane ehlala esidlekeni nezingane.
Ukudla kwezinkozi zegolide kwenziwa ngama-partridges nama-bobak. Kunezikhathi lapho bezitika ngama-hares, ama-badger, izimpungushe kanye nama-young ungulates.
Imfashini yokuzingela ehlanganiswe nezinkozi zegolide ibilokhu ithandwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Inani lalezi zinyoni liyancipha ngokuphawulekayo ngenxa yokuhlasela kwabantu endaweni yabo. Ukhozi olwesabekayo lwegolide alushiye amaqanda esidlekeni ingunaphakade kuphela, kodwa futhi lushiya nezingane ezingenakuzisiza.
Esithombeni ukhozi lwegolide
Inyathi
Inyathi ibhekwa njengesilwane esincelisayo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Yize namuhla usayizi wabo wehle kakhulu. Izinyathi zanamuhla zinesisindo esifinyelela ku-900 kg futhi zikhula ngobude obufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-330. Ukuphakama kwesilwane ekubuneni kungafinyelela kumamitha amabili.Usayizi wesilisa uvame ukuba mkhulu kunowabesifazane.
Ingaphambili lenyathi lihluke kakhulu kunangemuva. Mkhulu, ubanzi futhi mude. Isisu siyadonswa, ngaphandle kokuxegiswa. Isilwane sigqame ngentamo ebanzi, enamandla. Izilwane zichitha cishe sonke isikhathi sasemini ekuphumuleni okungatheni. Kamuva kusihlwa, baya emgodini wokunisela.
Inyathi, eyasala emlandweni, yakhetha ukuhlala emihlambini emikhulu, lapho kwakungaba khona amakhanda angaphezu kwama-50. Njengamanje, inani lezilwane lehle kakhulu, ngakho-ke imihlambi enjalo ayikaze ibonwe isikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sezilwane siwela ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Abesilisa bahlela izimpi zangempela zendawo eseduze neyesifazane, okuvame ukuthi kube ukuphela kokulimala kanzima kuzo zombili izimbangi.
Kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-9 zokukhulelwa, kuzalwa ithole elilodwa noma amabili, okuthi ngehora bakwazi ukulandela abazali babo bebodwa. Inyathi ivuthwa ngokocansi ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Phila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-25.
Inyathi esithombeni
Izinyamazane
E-Ukraine ungathola izinyamazane zaseYurophu naseSika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwavela inani elikhulu lezinhlamvu zawo. Ubuhle balezi zilwane ezincelisayo kungaba umona wanoma yisiphi isilwane.
Lezi zimpondo, ezifana namagatsha esihlahla esikhulu, zinika ubukhulu besilwane nobuhle. Umzimba wabo unomusa futhi uzacile. Ukudla kwamadoda amahle kufaka ukudla kwezitshalo. Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo ezingasusa ukoma kwakho nangamanzi anosawoti.
Ukuziqhenya nobukhosi kungabonakala kuzo zonke izici zesilwane. Abesifazane bahlala ezindaweni ezehlukene nabesilisa futhi batholakala kuphela ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Lokhu kuwela esikhathini sekwindla.
Ngalesi sikhathi, kuvela izimpi ezinamandla phakathi kwabesilisa, njengaphakathi kwezinyathi. Izinyamazane ezinqotshiwe zibaleka, insikazi ngokufanele ihlala nenamandla kakhulu.
Entwasahlobo, ingane eyodwa noma ezimbili zizalwa ngowesifazane ongenazimpondo. Ekuqaleni, zilele zingakwazi ukuzisiza otshanini, kuyilapho insikazi idla njalo eduze, ibavikele ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Ngemuva kokuba izingane sezineminyaka emibili ubudala, zishiya unina ziye emhlambini owehlukile wabesilisa.
Ukhozi lwesitepe
Izinkozi zeSteppe ziyinyoni esengozini yomndeni wokhozi. Emuva ngekhulu le-19, zaziningi kakhulu ngokwanele. Ngekhulu lama-20, inani labantu lalincipha futhi lincane.
Kwakunezizathu eziningi zalokhu - izindawo ezingazintombi zazincipha ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu, maqondana nalokhu, ama-gopher, okhozi adla kuwo, nawo aba mancane. Izinyoni eziningi, kufaka phakathi izinkozi, zifele ezintanjeni zikagesi.
Le nyoni eyodwa iyakha izidleke zayo emhlabathini, ezimweni ezingavamile ezihlahleni. Imvamisa izalela iqanda elilodwa kuya kwamabili. Isikhathi sazo sokufukamela sithatha izinsuku ezingama-45. Izinkozi zivuthwa ngokocansi zineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala. Ama-Gopher, amanye amagundane, izinyoni zihamba phambili ekudleni kwezinkozi. Abazideleli izidumbu futhi.
Ukhozi lwesitepe
Isikhukhukazi esimpunga
Le nyoni enhle ihlale iqaphela ngokweqile. Izindwandwe ziba zinhle kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Zihlotshiswe ngezimpaphe ezinhle emakhanda azo. Ukuvela kwenyoni kungukubonakaliswa okuqhubekayo komusa nobukhosi. Umuntu omdala unesisindo esingaba ngu-2 kg, ubude obufinyelela ku-100 cm.
Okuwukuphela kwesici esibi sale nyoni ukungakwazi kwayo ukucula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umemeza ngodlame futhi engajabulisi kangangokuthi ufuna ukubalekela lo msindo onengekayo.
Indwandwe empunga ingumzingeli oshesha kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Umbono ophelele, uqhwaku olude, olubukhali kanye nokusabela kombani kuyamsiza kulokhu. Umzingeli ugwinya inyamazane yakhe ngokuphelele. Ukudla kwakhe kubandakanya izinhlanzi, i-eel kanye nama-amphibians. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uthanda izinambuzane, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo, ama-crustaceans namagundane amancane.
Inqubo yemikhosi yomshado ibukeka iheha kusuka ngaphandle. Kuwo, owesifazane kufanele adlale ngothando nowesilisa, ngaleso sikhathi onekhaya elihle futhi elinethezekile.
Ngemuva kokubonakaliswa okunjalo kokuphikelela, izinyoni zakha ama-pair, zilandelwa yinzalo, equkethe amachwane afinyelela kwangu-5. Bobabili abalingani bayamnakekela, ngokuba ngabazali abayizibonelo kakhulu.
Okufanekisiwe yikhowe elimpunga
I-Swan
Le nyoni enhle, yasebukhosini ingumfanekiso wobucwebe nemfihlakalo. Abantu bahlobanisa naye imisebenzi emihle, ukwethembeka kanye nezifiso ezinhle. Ubukhulu, umusa nokupheleliswa kukhona kuye. AmaSwans amhlophe, ampunga futhi amnyama.
Kuyo yonke imibala, awanakuqhathaniswa. Ziwumhlobiso omuhle wamachibi amaningi, lapho zichitha khona isikhathi esiningi sempilo yazo. Uma ubabheka, kunokuthula nokuzola emphefumulweni.
Lezi zinyoni zinezitha emvelweni ezibeka ingozi enkulu kuzo ngesimo sezinkozi zegolide kanye nomfula osprey. Emzamweni wokucasha kubo, leli dada lingakhula ngesivinini esimangalisayo lapho lindiza futhi lindiza, kwesinye isikhathi akunakwenzeka ukuhlangana nabo esikebheni.
Le nyoni eqhoshayo ayithandi ukusondelana, ngakho-ke ihlala emanzini acashile futhi athule. Amadoda amahle adla ukudla kwezitshalo. Wonke umuntu uyazi ngokuthembeka kwe-swan. Izinyoni zikhetha ibhangqa elilodwa impilo yonke. Izinyoni ziphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-25.
Unogolantethe omhlophe
Le nyoni e-Ukraine ibhekwa njengophawu lwenjabulo, ubuhle bomndeni nokuchuma. Izinganekwane nezinganekwane eziningi zikhuluma ngalokhu. Omunye wabo uthi uma unogolantethe ehlala endlini yomndeni osekunesikhathi eside efuna ukuba nengane, iphupho labo lizogcwaliseka ekugcineni.
Le nyoni inezinkinga ngezintambo zezwi, ngakho-ke unogolantethe cishe awenzi imisindo. Le nyoni enhle inamasayizi amakhulu. Ukuphakama kwayo kungafinyelela ku-120 cm.Amaphiko ku-span afinyelela ku-205 cm.
Ziphila ngokudla kwezilwane. Kusetshenziswa ama-vertebrate amancane nama-invertebrate. Ama-storks athanda ama-amphibians, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, inhlanzi nezinambuzane. Kwesinye isikhathi onogolantethe bangafisa ngisho unogwaja omncane. Kwakunezimo lapho babethatha izinto ezingadliwayo ukuze bazidle bazidle, lokhu kwaholela ekuvinjelweni komqala.
Inyoni ihlala eduze kwabantu. Isidleke sakhe singabonakala ophahleni lwesakhiwo esihlala abantu, esibayeni, edwaleni noma esihlahleni. Ngisho maqondana nezidleke zalezi zinyoni kukhona ukuthembeka okuyinqaba. Izinyoni zidlulisa ikhaya lazo zizukulwane ngezizukulwane.
Umbhangqwana uvame ukubeka amaqanda angaphezu kwama-5 esidlekeni. Bobabili abazali bayashintshana ngokuzibhuqa. Ngemuva kwenyanga, kuzalwa izingane ezingenakuzisiza, okuthi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili zikwazi ukuzimela ngokuphelele.
Toad
Izilwane eziphila ezweni elingenamsila zinesidalwa esingajabulisi futhi esibi - isele. Amasele avame ukudideka namaxoxo, yize empeleni eyizidalwa ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele.
Amasele, ngokungafani namaxoxo, ahamba kancane kakhulu futhi ayabhukuda ngenxa yokuthi imilenze yawo yangemuva mifushane. Ngesizathu esifanayo, ixoxo lingagxuma, kepha iselesele alikwazi.
Ukuvikela, amasele anikezwa izindlala ezinobuthi ezikhipha amafinyila, okubangela ukuzwa okuvuthayo. Ubude balesi sidalwa bungafinyelela kuma-cm 8. Umbala ungaba ngumnqumo, onsundu, ube nemibala ensundu.
Sonke isikhumba soqweqwe sigcwele izigubhu. Abesilisa banezwi elimangalisayo. Ukucula okwehlukile kwamasele kuzwakala kude kakhulu nezindikimba zamanzi. Izinswani zidla izimvemvane, iminenke, izibungu, izinambuzane nezibungu.
Ngokuzala, owesilisa ukhwela kowesifazane futhi amvundise. Ngemuva kwalokho, insikazi ingabeka amaqanda afinyelela ku-7000, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili lapho kuvela khona izibungu. Kusuka kwizibungu, kutholakala onoshobishobi abanomsila, ngemuva kwalokho - intsha yamasele.
Esithombeni kukhona iselesele
Inyoka yesitepe
Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 zezinyoka ezinobuthi e-Ukraine. Enye yazo i-steppe viper, ebisanda kuzama ukuhlala isondele kubantu. Naphezu kobuncane bayo, lenyoka iyingozi enkulu kubantu.
Akunzima ukumbona. Umzimba wayo ufinyelela ku-57 cm ubude.Owesilisa uvame ukuba mncane kunabesifazane. Isifonyo se-steppe vip side, sikhonjisiwe futhi saphakanyiswa kusuka ezinhlangothini. Inombala onsundu ngokumpunga ngamaphethini amazombezombe. Ikhanda livame ukuhlotshiswa ngephethini elimnyama, elilinganayo. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungathola izinyoka ezimnyama.
Izinyoka zifana ngokumangazayo nezinyoka ezinamanzi. Isici esivelele ama-specks aphuzi asekhanda lenyoka. Izinyoka zibonisa umsebenzi wazo kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ku-Okthoba. Isikhathi esisele bakwi-hibernation. Bangabathandi abakhulu bebhasikidi elangeni.
Izinyoka zidla izinkumbi, izintethe, izinyoni namagundane. Kwesinye isikhathi bangadla iselesele, isicabucabu noma ixoxo. Ukudla kwabantu abasha ikakhulukazi kufaka izinambuzane nezilonda ezincane. Isikhathi sokukhwelana singoMeyi-Ephreli.
Ama-Vipers izidalwa ezi-viviparous. Kusukela ekukhulelweni, okuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-90-130, kuzalwa izingane ezi-3 kuya kwezingu-30. Izinyoka ze-steppe zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engu-7.
Inyoka yesitepe
UTriton
Ama-Amphibians, angenalugobolondo, anomsila anomeleli omnandi - inewt. Akayona iselesele noma isibankwa. Kunjengokungathi, okuthile phakathi kwalokhu nalokhuya, ukuhlala emhlabeni nasemanzini.
Ubude be-newt yabantu abadala bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-20. Bayazi futhi basheshe bazi ukuthi bangagijima kanjani ngaphansi kwedamu, emhlabathini bakwenza kubi kakhulu. I-newt ine-amphibious futhi ayikwazi ukuphefumula hhayi kuphela ngamaphaphu ayo, kepha futhi nangomphetho okhethekile osemsileni, ongahlasela i-atrophy ekuhlaleni kwayo njalo phansi.
Ama-newt anamehlo angaboni kahle, kepha akhokhelwa ngokuphelele umuzwa omuhle kakhulu wephunga. Zingezwa inyamazana ngephunga ebangeni elingamamitha angama-300. Ukudla kwentsha kufaka ama-invertebrate, omiyane kanye nama-mayflies. Emhlabeni kusetshenziswa ama-slugs nezikelemu zomhlaba. Ama-newts asebenzayo ebusuku.
Ukuthola umquba, babuyela echibini, lapho kwenzeka khona. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20, kuzalwa izibungu ezincane ezinama-gill. Ehlobo, izintuthwane zikhula emanzini aze afike ku-4 cm ngosayizi.
Esithombeni i-newt
Ibhere elinsundu
Kuze kube muva nje, amabhere ansundu abhekwa njengezilwane ezingasekho ezweni lase-Ukraine. Kepha muva nje, usosayensi wase-Ukraine uSerhiy Gashchak, esebenzisa izingibe ezikhethekile zekhamera, uqaphele ukuhamba kwalezi zilwane endaweni yaseChernobyl. Inani labo labantu liyabonakala kumaCarpathia.
Kule ndawo yokukhishwa, amabhere azizwa ezolile futhi ekhululekile. Baphila impilo yabo futhi abahlangabezani nezinkinga ekuhlaselweni ngabantu. Amabhere ansundu ayizinhlobo ezivikelwe ezibalwe kuRed Book. Isilwane esingezilwane ezincelisayo ezidlayo. Njengamanje ingenye yezilwane ezidla inyama ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni.
Amabhere adla ukudla kwezitshalo - amajikijolo, amantongomane, ama-acorn, izimpande, futhi kwesinye isikhathi notshani. Bangadla izinambuzane, ama-creepers, ama-amphibian, amagundane amancane, inhlanzi nezinkomo.
Ebusika, izilwane zilala ubusuku bonke. Ngokuqondene nesikhathi sokukhwelana, kuhambisana nezimpi phakathi kwezimbangi, lapho omunye wazo angafa nokufa. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-200. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-5-6 amawundlu anesisindo esingu-600 amagremu.
Ibhere elinsundu
Isikhova
Isikhathi eside le nyoni ibiluphawu lokuhlakanipha. Uyahlonishwa, uyavikelwa futhi uyesatshwa ngasikhathi sinye. Ubuciko base-Ukraine buchaza izakhiwo ezimbi kulezi zinyoni. Kodwa ngokusho kwezinye izibikezelo, ukufika kwezikhova endlini ngaphambi komshado kuthembisa impilo yomndeni ejabule futhi ende.
Cishe izinhlobo eziyi-13 zalezi zinyoni ezimangalisayo zihlala endaweni yase-Ukraine. Abanye babo bazwana ngokuthula eduze komuntu. Bangakwazi ukuhlala emigodini, imifantu emadwaleni, ukudangala kwemvelo. Izikhova zizinakekela kakhulu izingane zazo futhi ziyazivikela ezitheni ezinokuqina okungakholeki.
Izinyoni zinokuzwa okuhle kakhulu, zibamba kalula indawo yezisulu zazo. Izikhova zisengcupheni yokuqothulwa, ngakho-ke zingaphansi kokuvikelwa kwesintu.
