Ugwadule awusona isimo esihle kakhulu sezinto eziphilayo. Kepha, naphezu kwalokhu, kunezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezimangalisayo. Ngesikhathi sokushisa kwasemini, lokhu kuhluka akubonakali.
Ungathola izinyoni ezimbalwa noma izinambuzane, futhi unenhlanhla eningi, ngisho nezibankwa ezimbalwa. Kepha ngokufika kokuhwalala kwakusihlwa, lapho ukushisa kuncipha kancane kancane ogwadule, impilo entsha iqala, kubonakala ngathi iyaphila.
Ungabona ama-jerboas, izinyoka, izimpungushe, ama-gopher nezinye izilwane eziningi eziphuma ezindaweni zazo zokuhlala ukuze zizondle ngokudla. Ebusuku, kunezelwa izikhova namalulwane kulesi sidalwa esiphilayo, esikhuphuka emkhathini futhi sifune inyamazane yaso.
Lokhu kuyaqhubeka ubusuku bonke bogwadule. Kepha, lapho nje ilanga liqala ukushona, zonke izinto eziphilayo ziphinde zicashe ezindaweni zazo ezifihlekile, ugwadule lubukeka lulele futhi lonakalisiwe.
Abaningi banesithakazelo kulokho abakudlayo izilwane zasogwadule. Izilwane ezinjengamakhanka, izimpungushe nezimpungushe zondla izinto eziphilayo. Kepha abaningi phakathi izilwane zasogwadule izimila ezidla utshani ezikhetha ameva ekamela, izihlahlana, nembewu ehlukahlukene.
Umbuzo - bawatholaphi wonke amanzi, ashaqisayo ngokwesaba ehlane, nawo uhlale ulokhu ufanelekile. Ngokuqondene namachibi asogwadule, impilo ihlala igcwele lapho.
Kepha kwabaningi izilwane zasogwadule kunamazolo asekuseni anele noma umswakama ovela emizimbeni yezisulu zawo. Izimila ezidla utshani zinomswakama owanele, osezitshalweni ezizidlayo.
Kukhona ezinye izilwane zezingwadule nezingwadule, ezingadingi nhlobo amanzi. Banobuningi bomswakama obutholakala emzimbeni wabo ngenxa yokugaya ukudla.
Amagama ezilwane zasogwadule kuncike kakhulu ezimfanelweni nasezimfanelweni zabo. Amakamela, ngokwesibonelo, abizwa ngokuthi "imikhumbi yasogwadule" ngesizathu sokuthi aguqulelwe ngokuphelele impilo kuleyo ndawo, ngaphandle kwamanzi lezi zilwane zingakwenza isikhathi eside, zingalinganiswa ngezinsuku, kepha ngezinyanga.
Kubalulekile kuphela ukuthi ngaphambi kwezikhathi ezomile amakamela abe nethuba lokugcina amafutha ku-hump emhlane wawo. Kukulesi sitho lapho imfihlo ilele khona. Ukusuka lapho, amakamela adla ngesikhathi sesomiso, athola amandla nomswakama abawadingayo.
Izingwadule akuzona nje kuphela izimo ezishisayo ezingabekezeleleki. Insimu lapho kutholakala khona izimo zezulu ezinzima, ezisenyakatho ye-Eurasia naseNyakatho Melika, ibizwa nangokuthi ihlane, kodwa i-arctic.
Lokhu, uma ungakuqhathanisa, kuphambene ngokuphelele nezingwadule ezishisayo. Isimo sezulu nezimo zokuphila ezindaweni ezi-arctic zinzima ngamazinga okushisa aphansi njalo.
Kodwa ngisho lapha ungabona inani elikhulu kakhulu labamele umhlaba wezilwane, okuthi, noma ngabe yini, bahlala endaweni enjalo futhi bazalane. Njengoba besho - kulowo nalowo okwakhe.
Ngokwemvelo, izilwane zezingwadule zase-arctic ihluke kakhulu kubo bonke abanye. Bazivumelanise nokuhlala endaweni eneqhwa. Lokhu sekuvele kusho ukuthi izidalwa eziphilayo ezinokukhuthazela okumangalisayo nesifiso sokuphila.
Isilwane ngasinye siyathakazelisa ngendlela yaso futhi sifanele ukunakwa okufanele. Kunzima ukukhuluma ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezinjalo ngaphakathi kohlaka lwendatshana eyodwa, kepha kusenokwenzeka ukuthi unake abamele bazo abakhethekile nabathakazelisa kakhulu.
Izilwane zasogwadule kanye nezindawo ezingamahlane
Eminyakeni eminingi yokuba khona kwazo ezimweni ezinzima zesimo sezulu, izilwane zifunde ukuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi ziphile ezimeni ezinzima zokuphila. Bayakugwema ukubanda ebusuku nokushisa emini, ngenxa yemigodi engaphansi komhlaba abacasha kuyo.
Izingxenye zezitshalo ezingaphansi komhlaba ziyabasindisa endlaleni kulezi zindawo zokuhlala. Ziyini izilwane ehlane futhi i-semi-desert ayinzima ukuqagela. Into yokuqala ukuthi bangaphila kunoma iyiphi indawo. Lokhu kukhuluma ngamandla abo, ukushesha, ukukhuthazela nezinye izimfanelo eziningi.
Impungushe kaFennec
Lesi silwane esincane kade saheha ukunakwa ngabantu. Incane kunekati elijwayelekile. Impungushe enjalo inesisindo esifinyelela ku-1.5 kg, enobude bomzimba obungeqile kumasentimitha angama-40. Isici sayo esihlukile yizindlebe zayo ezinkulu nomsila ofanayo kunalokho omkhulu. Amehlo amakhulu futhi azwakalayo agqama embhedeni obukhali wesilwane. Kuyababonga ukuthi impungushe iba muhle kakhulu kunalokho eyikho.
AmaFenecs asebenza kakhulu futhi ayadlala. Ngokukhazimula okumangalisayo kwamakati, bayakwazi ukugxuma ezintweni eziphakeme. Bayakwazi ukukhonkotha, ukukhonona, ukukhononda nokububula. Zondla ngokudla kwezilwane, okubandakanya inyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda. Futhi, ukudla kwalezi zimpungushe kufaka nemifino nezithelo.
UFenech uncamela ukuzingela ngokuzihlukanisa okuhle kakhulu nasebusuku. Emini, icasha emgodini wayo ombiwe. Kwesinye isikhathi insimu ye-labyrinths enjalo engaphansi komhlaba inkulu kangangokuba imindeni eminingana yezimpungushe ingangena kuyo.
Lesi silwane senhlalo sibekezelela ukungabi namanzi ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Bayayinxephezela ngosizo lomswakama oqukethwe ekudleni. Izilwane ziyaxhumana zisebenzisa imisindo eyingqayizivele etholakala kuzo kuphela.
Esithombeni i-fennec fox
Ikati lasehlathini
Lesi yisilwane esiyingqayizivele esinobuntu nesimo saso esisikhumbuza kokubili isilwane sasendle nesilwane esihle. Ibizwa nangokuthi ixhaphozi lynx, ikati leNayile kanye nendlu.
Emuva eGibhithe lasendulo, lezi zilwane zasendle zazithanjisiwe ukusiza ukuzingela amadada. Ezinyonini, ikati lasehlathini liyisilwane esiyingozi. Ngosayizi, lesi silwane sikhulu kancane kunekati elifuywayo. Isisindo sayo sifinyelela ku-15 kg, kanti umzimba wayo ungama-80 cm ubude, umsila ubude ngu-35 cm.
Okuhlukile kula ma-kitties yimilenze namabhulashi abo anamandla, okukhumbuza amabhulashi e-lynx. Izilwane zikhetha ukucasha emahlathini aluhlaza, izihlahla eziminyene kanye nomhlanga. Abathandi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa. Bathanda ukubhukuda. Zitshuza ikakhulukazi ukubhukuda nokuthola ukudla.
Amakati aseJungle enza imisindo efana nezingcingo zama-lynxes. Zibhonga ngolaka ngesikhathi zihlaselwa. Banesibindi futhi abesabi, kepha bakulungele ukuhlehla empini nomphikisi ofanele. Zikhetha ukuzingela kusihlwa.
Isikhathi sasemini sisetshenziselwa ukuphumula. Izinyoni, izinhlanzi, ama-gopher, ama-hares, izingulube ezincane ukudla okuthandwa amakati ehlathi. Izitha zemvelo zalesi silwane izimpisi nezingwe.
Okufanekisiwe ikati lasehlathini
I-Puma
Lesi silwane esisogwadule esandile singesesibili ngobukhulu emndenini wesilwane. I-cougar inamanye amagama amaningi kangangoba yaze yafakwa kulokhu mayelana neGuinness Book of Records.
Imvamisa zibizwa nangokuthi amabhubesi asezintabeni nezingqungqulu. Lesi silwane esinciphile nesishesha sifinyelela kubude obungu-100 kuya ku-180 cm, futhi sinesisindo esisuka ku-50 siye ku-100 kg. Abesilisa bavame ukuba bakhulu kunabesifazane.
Ukusa nokuhwalala kukhethwa yi-puma ngokuzingela. Ithanda ukuba sezindaweni ezinotshani obuminyene, emihumeni, emifantwini enamadwala. Kepha futhi ingahlala ezindaweni ezivulekile. Lapho izingela, ithanda ukulinda inyamazane yayo.
Izilwane zigwema ukuhlangana nabantu, kepha muva nje, kuye kwaqashelwa amacala angaphezu kweyodwa e-cougar ehlasela abantu. Ama-ungulates athathwa njengezisulu eziyizintandokazi zama-cougars. Bangazidla nezilwane ezifuywayo uma bengena ezindaweni ezinabantu. Bancintisana namajaguar, amabhere nezimpisi.
Isilwane sePuma
I-Coyote
Leli igama lezilwane ezidla zodwa ezihhewula enyangeni futhi eziyizilwane ezingokomfanekiso zase-American Wild West. Ababodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kube khona amacala ama-coyotes azingela yonke imihlambi.
Ubude besilwane busuka ku-75 kuye ku-100 cm, isisindo sayo sisuka ku-7 kuye ku-20 kg. Bakhombisa umsebenzi wabo ebusuku. Bayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma iyiphi indawo. Ziphila ngokuncelisa izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, izidumbu, izinyamazane nezimvu. Ngokushesha lapho kuhwalala, ama-coyotes ayahamba ayofuna inyamazane yawo.
Ngokuphathelene nama-coyotes nabantu, ngabantu ababangela ukusabalala kwabo. Abancintisana nama-coyotes yizimpisi, abantu abasanda kuqala ukuzichitha ngobuningi.
Ngakho-ke, kwakungabantu abadale izimo ezikahle zokwandisa uhla lwama-coyotes. Uboya bazo bubaluleke kakhulu embonini yoboya, ngakho-ke lezi zilwane zasendle zihlala zizingelwa.
Lezi zilwane ziwusongo olusheshayo, oluqondile ezilwaneni zasemapulazini, zizithanda kakhulu izimvu. Ngalokhu bathole ukungathandwa okukhulu phakathi kwabalimi.
Kepha yonke imizamo yokuyichitha ayilethi impumelelo enkulu ngoba ama-coyotes anokuqonda, ubuhlakani obumangazayo nobuqili. Zizigwema kalula izingibe, zigwema izinhlamvu nezithiyo ezahlukahlukene. Imigodi yalezi zilwane itholakala emigedeni, emifantwini yamadwala, emihosheni yezihlahla.
I-coyote yezilwane
Ingwe
Lesi silwane esibabazekayo yisona esikhulu kunazo zonke futhi esikhulu kunazo zonke. Ubude besilwane esidala sesilisa bungafinyelela ku-3.5 m, kanti isisindo saso singama-315 kg. Kwihlosi elilambile, noma yini ehehayo ilungele ukudla.
Izinyamazane, izingulube zasendle, amabhere, izinkawu, izinyathi, ama-lynx, izinyoka, amaxoxo nezinye izakhamizi eziningi zezingwadule nezingwadule ezisetshenziswayo. Ingwe elambile ingahlasela ingwe, ingwenya ngisho nomfowabo wegazi - ingwe efanayo. Kuke kube nezimo lapho amahlosi eba ngamazimuzimu.
Izilwane zithanda ukuzingela otshanini bezindlovu kanye nezihlahlana kusihlwa. Yilapho eba yi-unobtrusive. Bancamela ukuphila impilo eyodwa, yize kunezikhathi lapho ihlosi lizingela khona kanye nentokazi yenhliziyo yalo.
Amakati amaningi awawathandi amanzi. Lokhu ngeke kushiwo ngamahlosi, ayathanda ukubhukuda. Lezi zilwane ezidla inyama ezihlanzekile zinaka kakhulu uboya bazo, obuvame ukuhlanzwa ngokucophelela ngemuva kokudla okunomsoco.
Ikamela
Umthethosisekelo wamakamela ufana kakhulu nowabantu abangasetshenziswanga. Ngalesi sizathu, abantu abangazi bacabanga ukuthi amakamela anezinselo eziphakathi. Eqinisweni, lezi zilwane azinazo izinselo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamakamela - i-humped eyodwa ne-humped ezimbili. Zombili lezi zilwane zikhulu ngokwanele. Ikamela elinomhubhe owodwa we-dromedary, ngokwesibonelo, linesisindo esisuka ku-300 kuye ku-700 kg, isihlobo salo esinama-humps amabili sikhulu - ukusuka ku-500 kuya ku-800 kg.
Umzimba wabo uvikela izilwane ekushiseni ngokweqile. Kulokhu basizwa ngokuphelele ngoboya, amakhala, futhi-ke, ama-humps, asindisa amakamela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni. Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo zifunde kahle kakhulu ukuthi zingabhekana kanjani nokushisa kwamabili ebusuku nokushisa emini.
Ugwadule i-solyanka, izihlahlana ezinameva nezihlahla ezinamaqhubu yindawo yokuhlala yemikhumbi yasogwadule. Lezi yizilwane ezihlala phansi, kepha endaweni yazo azijwayele ukuba sezindaweni, izinguquko zenziwa njalo. Bambalwa abantu abazi, kepha igama ikamela uqobo lihunyushwa ngokuthi "ohamba kakhulu."
Okwedlelo, bakhetha amahora asekuseni nakusihlwa. Emini bayaqamba amanga bahlafune ushingamu. Ebusuku ezindaweni ezifanayo bazihlelela ubusuku. Lezi zilwane zomphakathi zikhetha ukuhlala ngamaqembu abantu aba-5-8. Abesilisa babusa la maqembu. Kwenzeka ukuthi phakathi kwabesilisa kunamakamela anesizungu ayizazi.
Ekudleni, izilwane azikhethi neze. Kusetshenziswa utshani obumuncu nobusawoti, izimila ezomile nezinameva. Uma ikamela lizithela phezu komgodi wokunisela endleleni, liphuza ngokuzithandela nangamanani amaningi.
Ukuze kuvikelwe izidleke zakhe, owesilisa akenzi mzamo. Ukusabela okuzivikelayo kuqala ngokukhafula kwekamela okwaziwayo. Uma lesi siginali yesixwayiso singasebenzi, amakamela ahlangana nge-duel. Umphikisi onqotshiwe kufanele abaleke. Izitha zalezi zilwane yizimpisi, amabhubesi namahlosi.
Kubantu, bangabasizi abangenakususwa. Kepha ungacabangi njengezilwane ezingenangqondo. Banobuhlakani obumangalisayo, banomuzwa wokubaluleka kwabo.
Kuphela ngokuziphatha kahle kwabo abazosiza futhi balalele inkosi yabo kukho konke. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungalindela noma yini kubo. Bangakhumbula izikhalazo ezedlule ngomzuzu ongafanele kakhulu futhi baziphindisele kumenzi wobubi.
Inyoka enezimpondo
Lesi sidalwa sesizinze isikhathi eside endaweni yezingwadule nezingwadule. Ukuba khona kwayo kuyabethusa abantu bomdabu. Inyoka enezimpondo iyesabeka ukubheka. Izimpondo zakhe ngaphezulu kwamehlo akhe zivusa ukwesaba.
Mancane ku-reptile, kepha ayesabeka. Kusuka kubuthi balesi sidalwa kuza ingozi enkulu kubantu. Ngokuya ngobuthi bayo, ithatha enye yezindawo zokuqala phakathi kwezinyoka ezinobuthi.
Imvamisa abantu, ngenxa yokungazi, baphambanisa le nyoka nobuleza besihlahla obunamaphondo. Eqinisweni, yize beyizihlobo, banokuhluka okuningi phakathi kwabo. Ubude bomzimba benyoka enezimpondo bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-66-70. Umzimba mkhulu futhi ujiyile. Igama "Skinny" alifanele lo muntu. Emzimbeni wenyoka, izikali zombala ophuzi nowomnqumo.
Ngokunyakaza, usebenzisa inkambo eseceleni. Ibekezelela ukushisa ngokweqile nokungabi namanzi. Isikhathi sokubeletha kuphela lapho ibheka khona izindawo eziseduze lapho kukhona amadamu.
Lesi silwanyana esihuquzelayo sikhetha ukuhlala sodwa. Okuhlukile yisikhathi sokukhwelana. Uvukile ebusuku. Emini, ulala kakhulu noma athamele ilanga. Kwesinye isikhathi iyazimbela esihlabathini noma icashe emadwaleni.
Uma kungenzeka kube nengozi, akabaleki, kepha uyahlasela. Idla izinyoni, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, amagundane nezinye izilwane ezincane. Okokuqala, inyoka ihlasela isisulu, ifake ubuthi bayo kuso, bese igwinya umzimba osuvele unganyakazi.
Esithombeni kunenyoka enezimpondo
I-Gazelle Dorkas
Noma yisiphi isilwane singaba nomona ngokuqina nokukhuthazela kwakhe. Zingafinyelela isivinini esimangazayo - kufika ku-100 km / h, sincane futhi sincane ngosayizi. Ngobude bomzimba obungu-90-110 cm, izinsephe zinesisindo esingu-15-20 kg. Amakhanda abo bobabili ubulili ahlotshiswe ngezimpondo zehadi ezinhle.
Lezi zilwane zingcono kunazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo zensimbi zamahlane nezingwadule ezijwayelwe ukuphila ezimweni ezinzima. Cishe abaphuzi amanzi, ahlala entula kulezo zindawo. Bathola umswakama ezitshalweni. Kudliwa utshani, amahlumela nezimbali.
Ama-Gazelles anekhono elimangalisayo lokusinda emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu. Uma kushisa kakhulu, baphakama ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Ngengozi encane nje, ungezwa imisindo ephuma emakhaleni alezi zilwane efana nodaka oweqile. Yebo, le misindo ayiveliswa ngomlomo ojwayelekile wawo wonke umuntu, kodwa ngamakhala wesilwane.
Ama-Gazelles akha imindeni futhi adle emihlambini yabantu abangafika kwabayi-100. Kufanele baziqaphele izitha zabo ezimbi kakhulu - amabhubesi, izingulule, izimpisi nama python.
I-Gazelle-Dorcas
I-scarab engcwele
Lo mmeleli wamabhungane obulongwe ubhalwe kuRed Book. Ibhungane limnyama ngombala, lincane ngomzimba - 4 cm, libushelelezi ekuthinteni nasekulungeni. I-tibia yesilisa yehluke kancane kune-tibia yesifazane ngenxa yemiphetho yezinwele zegolide. Ama-Scarabs ahlala ogwini lolwandle nenhlabathi enesihlabathi.
Ukudla kwabo umquba wezinkomo. Bangakwazi ukugcina lomquba ukuze bazowusebenzisa esikhathini esizayo, ukugoqa ube ngamabhola kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nangaphezu kwebhungane uqobo. Azihlali isikhathi eside, cishe iminyaka emibili.
EGibhithe lasendulo, leli bhungane lingcwele. Kukholelwa ukuthi umlingo onesithombe sakhe uletha abesifazane abasha abasha, futhi usiza amadoda ukuba enze imali enhle.
Engcwele scarab ibhungane
I-Addax
Lesi silwane esesilwane esilinganayo, esishintsha umbala wejazi laso kuye ngezinkathi zonyaka. Ngenkathi yehlobo, i-addax imhlophe, ebusika iba mnyama kumathoni ansundu.
Isilwane sihlala eduze kwamanzi ahlanzekile. Idla utshani benkangala nezihlahlana. Ukuze bazitholele ukudla, ama-addaxes anganqoba amabanga amakhulu. Bangaba ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi esithile. Umswakama odingekayo uthathwe ezitshalweni.
Lezi zilwane zomphakathi zikhetha ukuhlala emihlambini, lapho kukhona khona amakhanda angafika kwangu-20 noma ngaphezulu, eholwa owesilisa. I-Addaks yenza abagijimi ababi, kubenze babe yizisulu zezilwane eziningi ezidliwayo.
Esithombeni, isilwane siyi-addax
Ufezela ophuzi
Ngenye indlela, ubizwa nangokuthi umzingeli obulalayo. Lesi sidalwa siyingozi kakhulu kubantu futhi siletha ukufa noma ukukhubazeka naso. Umzimba wofezela ufinyelela kusuka kumasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayi-13. Abesilisa bavame ukuba bancane kunabesifazane.
Zinesisindo esingu-2-3 g. Umhlobiso wazo umsila omude, ojiyile kancane futhi ophakanyisiwe. Lesi sinambuzane sondla nge-zophobas, izicabucabu namaphela. Bakhetha ukudla kakhulu kunezinye izihlobo zabo zensimbi.
Okokuhlala bakhetha izindawo ezingaphansi kwamatshe nezihosha ezincane. Zihlala ngaphandle kwezinkinga emigodini enesihlabathi ezimbelwe yodwa. Kusukela ku-yellow scorpion bite, izinambuzane ezincane zifa ngokushesha, futhi umuntu uhlangabezana ne-cerebral edema noma ukukhubazeka. Le mpahla yobuthi bezinambuzane isanda kuba lusizo kakhulu ekwelapheni umdlavuza.
Ufezela ophuzi
Intshe yase-Afrika
Le nyoni enkulu kakhulu ingafinyelela osayizi abahlaba umxhwele. Ukuphakama kwale nyoni ebabazekayo kungafika ku-2.7 m, kanti isisindo sayo singu-160 kg. Lokhu akuyona into kuphela eheha ukunaka kwawo wonke umuntu.
Izintshe azilingani ekunakekeleni abesifazane, zichanyusele inzalo kanye nasemfundweni yayo eqhubekayo. Kunzima ukuthola abantu abathembekile abaningi. Kukho konke ukuphila kwabo, bathembekile kowesifazane oyedwa ovelele. Kepha lokhu akubavimbeli, noma ngabe kuzwakala kuyindida kangakanani, ukuba babe nesithembu empilweni.
Amadube nezinyamazane angomakhelwane abahlala njalo bemindeni yentshe. Azidli ndawonye kuphela ngaphandle kwezinkinga nezingxabano, kepha futhi zenza ushintsho olude. Lapho nje intshe iqaphela ingozi encane, ngokushesha nje, ithuthukisa ijubane elimangalisayo, kuze kufike ku-70 km / h iyashesha.
Bonke abanye omakhelwane, bebona isithombe esinjalo, nabo bayahlakazeka babaleke. Indawo enhle kangaka ilungele wonke umuntu kuphela. Izintshe zinamehlo amahle kakhulu, zibona ebangeni elingaba amakhilomitha ama-5.
Yize zisindiswa ezimweni ezinkulu, kunzima ukubiza intshe ngokuthi yinyoni ebalekayo. Uma kufanele abhekane nesitha esingahle sibe khona ubuso nobuso, kwesinye isikhathi ukushaywa kwesitho esisodwa kwanele ukulimaza, noma ngisho nokubulala isitha. Ngesikhathi sokufukamela, isibindi senyoni sikhula ngokwengeziwe.
Abazi ukuthi bangandiza kanjani, lokhu kwaziwa ngisho nayizingane ezincane. Konke kufanele kusolwe ngokwakhiwa komzimba wabo okwehlukile. Kodwa konke lokhu kuvala isikhala sokugijima kwale nyoni. Intshe iyakwazi ukuwela noma ukugijima amabanga amade ngokwanele.
Amaqanda alezi zinyoni makhulu kakhulu. Zikhulu ngokuphindwe ka-24 kunamaqanda enkukhu. Ngesikhathi sasemini, owesifazane uhlala kuzo, ezama ukuzivikela ekushiseni okungakholeki. Ebusuku, owesilisa uza esikhundleni sakhe futhi manje uyabavikela kwi-hypothermia.
I-Varan
Yizimbadada ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Ubukhulu bazo kwesinye isikhathi buqhathaniswa nobukhulu bezingwenya. Ukuhlala, imvamisa ukhetha amabhange emifula, imifudlana nezinye izikhungo zamanzi. Isikhathi sabo esiningi sichithwa emanzini.
Ukuqapha izibankwa zihamba phambili futhi ziyabhukuda. Zidla izinkalankala, izinambuzane, izinyoka, amaxoxo. Kwesinye isikhathi kufanele bahambe ngaphezu kwekhilomitha elilodwa ukuze bazitholele ukudla. Lezi zidalwa azikhethi ngokudla. Ezinye izinhlobo zezibankwa eziqaphelayo nazo azikudeleli ukubola kwesidumbu.
Ukulunywa kwazo kunoshevu. Izinhlobo zazo ezinkulu azinazitha. Izibankwa ezinkulu zokuqapha zingahlaselwa izinyoka, izinyoni ezidla inyama nezingwenya. Ukuze bavikeleke, basebenzisa umsila wabo futhi balume isitha kabuhlungu.
Amaqanda, inyama nesikhumba sezibankwa eziqaphileyo zifunwa kakhulu, ngakho zihlala zizingelwa. Izinhlobo zazo eziningi okwamanje zibhalwe kuRed Book.
Esilondweni sesithombe
Izilwane zasogwadule zaseTropical
Izingwadule zaseTropical zibonakala ngesimo sezulu esinzima, esishisayo nesomile. Kepha ezilwaneni eziningi, lokhu akuyona inkinga yomhlaba wonke. Bayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma iyiphi indawo.
Izilwane zasogwadule zaseTropical bangaba nokudla isikhathi eside, futhi bahambe amabanga amade beyokufuna. Eziningi zazo zimane zilala isikhashana ukugwema imiphumela yokushisa okukhulu.
Kwabanye babo, impilo iyinsindiso ngaphansi komhlaba. Labo abangakwazi ukumelana nabo bonke ubunzima besimo sezulu sezingwadule ezishisayo ehlobo bamane bashiye izifunda ezishisayo.
Impisi
Vula izikhala zasogwadule, imiphetho yehlathi eceleni kwezindlela nemigwaqo yizindawo lapho ungahlangana khona kaningi nalesi silwane esithokozisayo. Kwabaningi, impisi yisilwane esingesihle, ngaphandle kwemizwa engemihle ayibangeli enye into.
Lesi yisimo sengqondo sabantu abacabanga ukuthi sondla izidumbu futhi siyingozi ezilwaneni eziningi ezingenacala. Eqinisweni, akukho ukuthukuthela nokukhohlisa okuningi ku-hyena kunakwabanye abamele inyamazane ehlane elishisayo.
Muva nje, bekukholelwa ukuthi izimpisi zihlobene kakhulu nezinja. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwaqedwa ukuthi bangabekati. Izitha zempisi yizinja zempisi. Ukungqubuzana kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi kwabo, okuphetha ngokunqoba komhlambi lapho kukhona abantu abaningi.
Izilwane zenza abantu abesabekayo, abesabekayo futhi ngesikhathi samanje, imisindo. Izimpisi zivame ukulahlekelwa ukudla ngenxa yokuhleka kwazo. Esikhundleni salokho, ukudla kwabo kuthathwa ngamabhubesi, aqonda ngemisindo yesilwane ukuthi kunokudla okuningi eduze kwabo. Isikhathi esiningi siba sebusuku, kuthi ngesikhathi sasemini zithathe ikhefu ezintabeni ezinde noma ekuzingeleni.
Azikwazi ukubhekwa njengezilwane ezimbi futhi ezingazweli. Iqiniso lokuthi izimpisi zidla izidumbu libanikeza ilungelo lokuthi babizwe ngokuhleleka kwangempela kwemvelo. Bayakujabulela ukuzingela zonke izilwane ezinezinselo, futhi bangahalela izilwane ezincane.
Impisi yezilwane
Izingulule
Isilwane esidliwayo esihle futhi esihle ngokubabazekayo sinombala omangalisayo, uzipho olukhulu. Uthuthukisa ijubane elingakaze libonwe futhi ngakho konke ukubukeka kwakhe uzenza ahlonishwe.
Ubude bomuntu omdala wayo bufinyelela ku-150 cm, kanti ama-cheetah anesisindo esilinganiselwe ngama-50 kg. Banamehlo abukhali, okusiza ukuzingela kahle. Yizilwane ezisheshayo.
Izindawo eziningi ezivulekile zikhethelwa impilo yonke, zigwema amahlathi. Zikhetha ukuzingela emini, okuhluke kakhulu ezilwaneni ezizingelayo eziningi ezizingela ebusuku. Abathandi ukugibela ezihlahleni.
Ama-Cheetah ahlala womabili ngababili futhi ehlukanisiwe. Ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezithandani akuvamile. Ekuzingeleni, ukubona kubasiza ngaphezu kwephunga. Bathanda izinsephe, amankonyane, izinsephe, izimpala nezingulube Inani lalezi zilwane lisanda kwehla kakhulu, ngakho-ke lifakwe ohlwini lweRed Book.
Ingulule esithombeni
UJerboa
Izilwane ezincelisayo ezinobuthi zitholakala cishe yonke indawo ngenxa yokuzivumelanisa nezimo kwazo okuhle kakhulu. Lezi zilwane zincane ngosayizi. Zinomsila omude, omude kunomzimba uqobo.
Ngenxa yemilenze yabo yangemuva ekhule kahle, ama-jerboas agijima kakhulu, kuyilapho umsila wabo usebenza njengohlobo lokuqondisa. Ebusika, ziya ebusika.
UJerboas uphila impilo esebenzayo ebusuku. Ekufuneni izinhlinzeko, bangahamba cishe amakhilomitha ama-5. Ntambama ngemuva kwalolu hambo, izilwane ziyalala.
Okwezindawo zokuhlala, ama-jerboas azimbela imigodi. Zidla ngokudla kwezitshalo - izithelo, imifino, izimpande, okusanhlamvu. Azinqabi ukuzitika ngezibungu, izinambuzane nezikelemu.
IJerboa yezilwane
Izilwane zasogwadule zase-Arctic
Ngezinga elikhulu, izinyoni kunezilwane ziyanda ezingwadule zase-arctic. Kulula kubo ukubekezelela bonke ubunzima bezindawo. Kepha kukhona nezilwane nezinhlanzi, yize kungekho kangako.
Amabhele
Ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe lingummeli oqhakazile wezindawo ezisenyakatho. Yisilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke emva kwezindlovu, izindlulamithi nemikhomo. Ukubukeka kwalesi silwane esidliwayo esimhlophe akuhlukile kakhulu ekubukekeni kwesihlobo saso esinsundu. Ubude bomzimba wamabhere we-polar bufinyelela kumamitha ama-3, futhi kwesinye isikhathi anesisindo esingaphezu kwethani.
Indawo eyintandokazi yamabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo izingwadule zase-arctic kanye ne-tundra. Lesi silwane singaphila ebusika obunzima kangako ngenxa yokuqongelelwa okukhulu kwamafutha, okuwavikela emakhazeni nasesakhiweni esikhethekile sekhava yoboya. Bahamba ngokushelela, kancane futhi bashwiba ngapha nangapha.
Ababesabi abantu. Abantu kungcono ukuhlala kude nalesi sikhondlakhondla. Izilwane zikhetha ukuphila impilo eyodwa. Phakathi kwabo bahlala ikakhulu ngokuthula, kepha kuyenzeka ukuthi kube nokushayisana phakathi kwabo, okuvame ukwenzeka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.
Amabhele ayabhukuda futhi acwilise kahle. Kusemanzini lapho bethola khona ukudla kwabo. Izisulu zabo ngama-walrus, ama-seal, ama-searded seal, nezimpawu. Isisulu sifunwa ngosizo lomuzwa othuthukile wokunuka.
Lezi zilwane ziyonga. Uma benenala yokudla, ngokuqinisekile bazokufihla endaweni ebekiwe. Obaba banemizwa yobuzali ayithuthukisiwe ngokuphelele. Abasizi kuphela ekukhuliseni izingane zabo, kepha kwesinye isikhathi bangaba yingozi kubo.
Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa
Izimpawu nezikhangiso
Lezi zilwane zithandwa kakhulu ezingwadule zase-arctic. Zimele abantu abahlukene. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphansi eziningi zezimpawu. Izidleke zasolwandle zinkulu futhi ziyingozi kakhulu kulezi. Uphawu ngummeli omncane kunabo bonke futhi ohamba phambili walaba bantu abahlala ezingwadule zase-Arctic.
AmaWalrus abhekwa njengezihlobo eziseduze zezimpawu, futhi abeka ingozi enkulu kuwo. Usayizi wazo mkhulu kakhulu, amazinyo abukhali. AmaWalrus adla izilwane ezincane, kufaka phakathi uphawu olunondliwe olungaba yisisulu sazo.
Izilwane zasogwadule zaseNingizimu Melika
Ensimini yezingwadule zaseNingizimu Melika, ungathola izilwane ezihluke kakhulu futhi ezahlukahlukene. Ngamunye wabo uthakazelisa ngendlela yakhe.
Impi yempi
Lesi silwane esincelisayo esinegobolondo elimboze iqolo sincane ngosayizi. Ubude bomzimba we-armadillo ogwadule eNingizimu Melika bufinyelela ku-12-16 cm, kanti isisindo sayo singu-90 g. Ama-Armadillos athanda amathafa anesihlabathi.
Bemba kulo mhlabathi bese bezifunela ukudla lapho. Ziphila ngokudla izikelemu, iminenke kanye nohlaza. Akuzona izilwane zomphakathi, bakhetha ukuhlala bodwa. Balala emini, kuthi ebusuku bathole okwabo ukudla.
Esithombeni, isilwane siyi-armadillo
IGuanaco
Athathwa njengamakhulu kunawo wonke ama-herbivores asehlane. Abakhethi ngokudla. Umswakama utholakala emikhiqizweni yezitshalo. Ngomzimba wayo omncane futhi okhanyayo, ama-guanacos afana kakhulu nezinyamazane noma izinhlwathi.
Isici esihlukile salezi zilwane eziheha ukunakwa ngokushesha ngamehlo azo amakhulu anezinkophe ezinde. IGuanaco ibekelwe eceleni ebusuku ukuze iphumule. Ekuseni, baqala ukuvuka. Ekuseni nakusihlwa baya emgodini wokuchelela nsuku zonke. Zihlala emihlambini, lapho kukhona khona abesifazane abaningi nezingane nowesilisa oyedwa.
I-guanaco ebonisiwe
Jaguarundi
Umndeni we-feline unabamele abaningi abathandekayo. Enye yazo yi-jaguarundi. I-cougar ibhekwa njengesihlobo sayo esiseduze. Ukuhlala, bakhetha amahlathi aminyene, amahlathi aminyene, abadlula kuwo ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwawo. Abathandi ukugibela ezihlahleni. Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu.
Leli kati lidla izilwane ezahlukahlukene, kufaka nezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, amakati akha ama-pair. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, ukulwa njalo ngaphandle kwemithetho kuyenzeka, kowesifazane oyedwa owathandwa ngabesilisa ababili. Abesifazane baseJaguarundi bangomama abahle futhi abanakekelayo.
