Izici nendawo yokuhlala izinhlanzi ze-stingray
Izinhlanzi zeStingray yisakhamuzi sakudala kakhulu ekujuleni kwamanzi. Ama-stingray yizidalwa ezingaqondakali. Bona, kanye noshaka - izihlobo zabo eziseduze yizona ezindala kakhulu ekujuleni kwamanzi.
Lezi zidalwa zinezici eziningi ezithakazelisayo, ezenza zihluke kwabanye abamele izilwane zokubhukuda emanzini. Ososayensi basikisela ukuthi ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando, okhokho abakude boshaka nemisebe babengafani kakhulu nokwakheka, kepha izinkulungwane zeminyaka edlule azenzanga lezi zilwane ngendlela efanayo, futhi abantu bazo zombili lezi zinhlobo benze ushintsho olukhulu.
Isimanje i-cramp-fish (kuvuliwe isithombe Lokhu kubonakala ngokusobala) kubonakala ngomzimba oyisicaba ngokwedlulele nekhanda, elihlanganiswe ngokungajwayelekile namaphiko we-pectoral, okunikeza lesi sidalwa ukubukeka okuhle.
Umbala wesilwane uncike kakhulu endaweni esihlala kuyo: amanzi olwandle nemizimba yamanzi amasha. Kulezi zidalwa, umbala wesifunda esingenhla somzimba ungakhanya, ngokwesibonelo, unesihlabathi, unemibala ehlukahlukene, enemihlobiso emihle noma emnyama. Yilo mbala osiza imithambeka ukuthi ifihle ngempumelelo kusuka kubabukeli abavela phezulu, iwunike ithuba lokuhlangana nendawo ezungezile.
Ngaphansi kwalezi zidalwa eziyisicaba kuvame ukuba lula kunaphezulu. Ngasohlangothini olukhonjisiwe lwesilwane, kunezitho ezinjengomlomo namakhala, kanye nama-gill enani lamabhangqa amahlanu. Umsila walaba bantu abasemanzini unesimo esifana nesiswebhu.
Ama-stingray iqembu elikhulu kakhulu lezilwane zasemanzini ezingahlangene ngalutho izilwane ezincelisayo. I-Stingray – yinhlanzi noma ngokunembile, isidalwa esisesigabeni sezinhlanzi ze-lamellibranch cartilaginous.
Ngokuya ngosayizi wazo, lezi zakhamizi zasemanzini zibuye zehluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Kunabantu ngamasentimitha ambalwa ubude. Ezinye ziyimitha, futhi kwezinye izimo zingaphezulu (kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-7).
Umzimba wama-stingray uyisicaba futhi mude, ufana nepanekuku eligingqwe ngophini wokugingqa, ukuthi imiphetho ezinhlangothini zezidalwa ibukeke njengezimpiko, ezimele amaphiko we-pectoral. Kwezinye izimo, ubude babo bufinyelela kumamitha amabili noma ngaphezulu.
Isibonelo salokhu yi-stingray, eyilungu lomndeni wabakaki, ubude bomzimba wayo bufinyelela kwabahlanu, kanti amaphiko ohlobo lwamaphiko afinyelela kumamitha amabili nohhafu. I-Stingray – inhlanzi enesigaxa... Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingaphakathi lalo alakhiwe ngamathambo, njengakoshaka nakwezinye izilwane, kodwa lakhiwe ngoqwanga.
Umbala we-stingray uwunika amandla okufihla olwandle
Izindawo ezihlala ama-stingray zinkulu njengokuhluka kwazo. Izilwane ezinjalo zingatholakala ekujuleni kwamanzi emhlabeni wonke, ngisho nase-Arctic nase-Antarctic. Kepha ngempumelelo efanayo bahlala emanzini ashisayo.
Ukujula kwemizimba yamanzi esebenza njengezindawo zokukhosela izilwane ngokufanayo kuyehluka kakhulu. Izinhlanzi ze-Stingray zihlala futhi ikwazi ukugxila ngempumelelo emanzini angajulile, kodwa futhi ivumelanisa ngokuphelele ukuze ibekhona ekujuleni kwama-2700 m.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yezinhlanzi ze-stingray
Izici ezimangalisayo ezahlukahlukene izinhlobo zemisebe shintsha umcabango. Isibonelo, ogwini lwase-Australia ungabona "imisebe endizayo". Futhi hlangana ama-stingray ezinhlanzi kagesi.
Esithombeni, ama "stingray" ama "flying"
Futhi amandla anjalo, abawaphiwe ngokwemvelo, aba yisikhali esihle kakhulu emzabalazweni wokusinda. Izidalwa ezinjalo ziyakwazi ukukhubaza isisulu sisebenzisa ugesi waso, okhiqizwa yiyo yonke imisebe, kepha yilezi zinhlobo ezikukhiqiza ngamanani afinyelela kuma-volts angama-220.
Ukukhishwa okunjalo, okunamandla amakhulu emanzini, kwanele ukukhubaza izingxenye ezithile zomzimba womuntu, futhi kuholele nasekufeni. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu kohlobo izinhlanzi ze-stingray – i-nautical usathane. Lesi silwane sikhulu, sinesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani amabili.
Amatilosi akha izinganekwane ezingakholeki neze mayelana nalezi zidalwa, izizathu zazo okwakubonakala kungalindelekile ngosayizi omkhulu kangako zasolwandle stingray kusukela ekujuleni phambi kwamehlo abahambi ababambe ongezansi.
Zagxuma ngaphandle emanzini ngekhanda, zaze zanyamalala ekujuleni, zaluzisa ngomsila okhonjwe, obevame ukuba yimbangela yokwethuka okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukwesaba bekungenangqondo, futhi izidalwa ezinjalo azinabungozi ngokuphelele futhi zinokuthula ngokwemvelo.
Esithombeni, i-stingray "sea devil"
Futhi bekungekho neze amacala okuhlaselwa kwabantu isikhathi eside. Ngokuphambene nalokho, abantu babevame ukudla inyama yabo enomsoco futhi emnandi, okuyisithako futhi okuyingxenye yezitsha eziningi, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zokupheka ezingajwayelekile.
Kodwa inqubo yokuzingela udeveli wasolwandle ingaphenduka umsebenzi oyingozi, ngoba ubukhulu besilwane buyivumela ukuthi iphendule isikebhe nabadobi. Ingxenye eyinhloko yokuphila kwezinhlanzi ezingama-stingray idlula ezansi kwamachibi. Lezi zilwane zize ziphumule, zingcwatshwe ngodaka noma esihlabathini. Yingakho uhlelo lokuphefumula lwalezi zilwane luhlukile kwezinye izinhlanzi.
Abaphefumuli ngezifo, kepha umoya ungena emzimbeni wabo ngezinto ezibizwa ngama-squirt gill, ezisemhlane wakhe. Lezi zitho zine-valve ekhethekile esiza ukuvikela umzimba we-stingray ezinhlayiyaneni zangaphandle ezingena zivela phansi echibini. Yonke imfucumfucu engadingekile, izinhlayiya zesihlabathi nokungcola kuyasuswa kwi-sprinkler, ekhishwe ithambeka, ngomsele wamanzi.
Ama-stingray nawo ahamba ngendlela yokufuna ukwazi, angasebenzisi nhlobo umsila wawo lapho ebhukuda. Zishaya amaphiko azo njengezimvemvane, futhi ukuma komzimba okwehlukile kusiza izilwane ukuba zintante emanzini, okubenza babhukudi abahle kakhulu.
Ukudla kweStingray
I-cramp-fish - isidalwa esidlayo. Ukudla kwayo okuyinhloko izinhlanzi: i-salmon, isardadi, i-mullet noma i-capelin. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zingalingwa yizisulu ezinjengezingwane nezinkalankala. Izinhlobo ezincane ziyaneliseka nge-plankton, kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane.
Izinhlobonhlobo zama-stingray namathuba abo amangalisayo nawo akhombisa ukuthola ukudla. Ukuzingela izisulu zabo, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zalezi zidalwa ezinhle zisebenzisa izikhali imvelo ebanikeze zona.
Imisebe kagesi, ngemuva kokudlula inyamazane, iyayigcoba ngamaphiko ayo futhi iyishaye ngocingo lukagesi, ilindele ukufa kwayo. Futhi isikhali se-ray enomsila omsila ngumsila, ogcwele ameva, esiwela esitheni. Njengoba edla ama-mollusk nama-crustaceans, usebenzisa amapuleti akhethekile aphuma esikhundleni samazinyo alesi sidalwa, agaye inyamazane yakhe.
Ukukhiqizwa kanye nempilo yezinhlanzi ezingama-stingray
Amanye ama-stingray angama-viviparous, kanti amanye abekela amaqanda kuma-capsule. Kukhona nezinhlobonhlobo ezenza umsebenzi wazo wokuzala ngendlela ephakathi, ngokuba yi-ovoviviparous.
Lapho uthwala izingane, umzimba kamama wondla imibungu, uhlobo oluthile lwamabele angena emgodini womlomo. I-female sea devil ikwazi ukuzala izinyane elilodwa kuphela, kodwa ubukhulu bayo buhlaba umxhwele kakhulu, futhi isisindo sayo cishe siyi-10 kg. Kepha insikazi yemisebe kagesi, ezala amawundlu aphilayo, iyakwazi ukwandisa uhlobo lwemisebe, kwesinye isikhathi ngabantu abayi-14.
Ubungako bezinsana bungu-2 cm kuphela, kepha kusukela kumzuzu wokuqala wokuphila kwabo, bayakwazi ukukhiqiza ugesi. Isikhathi sempilo yama-stingray ngokuvamile sincike kubukhulu bawo. Izinhlobo ezincane ziphila ngokwesilinganiso kusuka eminyakeni engu-7 kuye kwengu-10. Ezinkulu ziphila isikhathi eside, kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kweyi-18.
Ezinye izinhlobo: i-stingray kagesi, kanye nezinye eziningi, ngokwesibonelo, ezihlala eduze naseziQhingini zaseCayman, lapho kunezimo ezikahle kakhulu zezilwane ezinjalo, ziphila impilo engaba yingxenye yesine yekhulu leminyaka.
