I-blue macaw (i-Cyanopsitta spixii) ingummeleli onezimpaphe womndeni wamaphara, kanye nezinhlobo kuphela zohlobo lwe-Blue macaws ezivela ku-oda le-Parrots. I-blue macaw iyinhlobo esondelene kakhulu ye-macaw ebomvu.
Incazelo ye-blue macaw
I-macaw eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingelinye lamaphara angavamile emhlabeni wethu anyamalala endle.... Okushiwo muva nje ngobukhona babantu balezi zinhlobo ezimweni zemvelo buhlehlela emuva ngonyaka ka-2000, lapho kwaxoxwa ngenkuthalo ngezinkinga zombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukubukeka
Isilinganiso sobude bomzimba sommeleli omdala womndeni wamaphara, uhlobo lweBlue Macaws kanye nokuhleleka kukaPholi, singama-55-57 cm kuphela, anesisindo esiphezulu esingu-400-450 g. Umbala wezimpaphe zale nyoni muhle kakhulu, uphuzi ngokugqamile ngombala. Indawo yekhanda ingwevu okhanyayo, kanti isisu nesifuba yi-aquamarine. Endaweni yobuso, kusuka emehlweni kuya endaweni yomlomo, inyoni ayinazimpaphe ngokuphelele, kepha kukhona umbala ompunga omnyama. Indawo engaphambili nezindlebe zale nyoni zivame ukuba lula ngokugqamile kunombala omkhulu wenhloko ye-macaw. Umsila namaphiko kungumbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ocacile. Uqhwaku lwenyoni lumnyama bhuqe.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi abantu abasha bohlobo lweBlue Macaws abavela ku-oda elifana neParrot banezindawo zesikhumba ezingenamahloni futhi ezikhanyayo ebusweni.
Iris yenyoni endala iphuzi, futhi imilenze inombala ompunga wendabuko. Amajita ahlukile ezinyoni ezindala nge-iris emnyama nokuba khona kwesiqeshana esinombala wethambo, otholakala engxenyeni emaphakathi yomlomo, kepha ngesikhathi sokuthomba umucu onjalo unyamalala ngokuphelele.
Indlela yokuphila, isimilo
Kunemininingwane embalwa kakhulu ethembekile futhi eqinisekiswe ngokwesayensi mayelana nokukhethekile kwendlela yokuphila yabamele izinhlobo zezinhlobo endle. Izinyoni ezinjalo azizange zifundwe kwaze kwaba ngawo-1970, futhi ukubonwa kwakamuva kwenziwa kuphela eqenjini elincane kakhulu lalezi zopholi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ama-macaws ahlala ezindaweni zemvelo emihlambini emikhulu kakhulu.
Abamele bohlobo lwezinhlobo ezihlala kakhulu ezindaweni ezisicaba, ezigcwele izihlahla ezinameva nezihlahla ezide ezinesizungu... Futhi, i-macaw eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yatholwa ekutshaleni, ezihlahleni zesundu, emasimini amahlathi asogwini lomfula. Izidleke zakhiwa emigodini emidala, emikhulu impela. Ama-Blue Macaws nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ahlukaniswa ngumlingiswa ozolile kakhulu, ayizidalwa ezinamaphiko ezinokuthula. Kwamukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi izinyoni ezinjalo eziqinile ngokwemvelo zidinga ukuphumula nokuthula njalo. Ukusebenza ngokweqile kungaholela ekubonakaleni kohlobo olungajwayelekile lokuziphatha okunolaka.
Kuyathakazelisa! I-macaw eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iyakwazi ukukhipha ucingo oluthile, iqale ngokuduma okuphansi esiswini bese ifinyelela amanothi kancane ngokwanele.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, indlela yokuphila kwezinyoni ezinjalo iyimfihlo, futhi umsebenzi wezinyoni wenzeka kuphela ngesikhathi sasemini. Njengomthetho, ama-macaws aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka angabonakala endiza phezulu kakhulu, ngqo ngaphezulu kwemiqhele yezitshalo. Ngesikhathi sokushisa okushisayo nasebusuku, izinyoni zaziphumula emaqabungeni esihlahla aminyene.
Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani imacaw eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Isikhathi sokuphila sabameleli balezi zinhlobo ezimweni zemvelo singaqala eminyakeni eyishumi kuya kwikota yekhulu, kanti izinhlobo ngazinye, lapho zigcinwa ekuthunjweni, zingaphila ngaphansi kwesiqingatha sekhulu leminyaka.
I-dimorphism yezocansi
Opholi besilisa cishe abakwazi ukuhlukaniswa ngokubukeka kwabesifazane, kepha ezinye izimpawu zisenza sikwazi ukucacisa kahle ubulili benyoni. Kwabesifazane, ubude bogebhezi buncane, futhi ukuhleleka kwezimpaphe emzimbeni kuqonde futhi kucocekile.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngokukhula, uqhwaku lwenyoni luthola umbala omnyama omncane, amabala anombala ompunga ngisho nokuxebuka kuvela, nombala wobuso ofanayo uyisici sabantu abancane kunabo bonke.
Kufanele futhi unake ubukhulu bomlomo, okuthi kwabesilisa ubonakale unamandla amakhulu. Umfundi omnyama uyisici esehlukile somuntu aze afike ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili ubudala. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, kuvela i-halo yesici ezungeze umfundi, eba mkhulu lapho inyoni ikhula.
Indawo yokuhlala
NgoJuni 2016, kwabonakala umuntu ofana ne-macaw eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eduze nedolobha laseBrazil iCurasa. Le nyoni ithwetshulwe ngakusasa, kepha isithombe esivelile besisezingeni eliphansi kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, ukubuka ama-ornithologists kusaphumelela ukukhomba le pholi ngocingo lwayo njenge-blue macaw. Kukholakala ukuthi le nyoni yakhululwa ekuthunjweni.
I-macaw eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yayinendawo elinganiselwe yemvelo. Abamele lolu hlobo bahlala emahlathini asogwini echibini lomfula ezindaweni ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeBrazil. Indawo encane kangaka yokwabiwa ihlobene ngqo nokuncika ngokuphelele kwalezi zinyoni ebukhoneni bezihlahla zeTabebuya (Caraiba). Emigodini yezitshalo ezinjalo, izidleke zahlelwa ngezinyoni, imbewu yasebenza njengokudla, futhi umqhele wesihlahla wasebenza njengesivikelo esithembekile nokuhlala ubusuku bonke. Imibhangqwana, kanye namaqembu amancane, ayakwazi ukuyivikela ngokungathethekiyo indawo yawo.
Ukudla okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Njengoba izinyoni ezinjalo zingabantu abahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, isilinganiso sokudla salezi zinyoni siyifanele indlela yazo yokuphila. Abamele okuwukuphela kohlobo lwe-Blue Macaws bohlobo lwe-Parrot badla zonke izinhlobo zezithelo, kanye namajikijolo e-cactus, amantongomane ahlukahlukene nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlamvu zezihlahla ezithile. IBlue Macaw ibuye isebenzise zonke izinhlobo zezimila njengokudla. Ngenxa yobukhona bomlomo onamandla amakhulu, izinyoni ezinjalo ziqhekeza kalula igobolondo eliqinile lamantongomane ngemizuzu embalwa nje. Amantongomane aseBrazil ayewusizo olukhethekile kulezi zinhlobo.
Lapho kugcinwa ekuthunjweni, ukudla kwe-macaw kufanele kufaka imifino nezithelo. Zopholi bathanda kakhulu apula kanye ithini lamapheya, ubhanana, ukhukhamba kanye izaqathe, kanye ummbila. Lezi zinyoni zidla izithelo namanye amajikijolo ngenjabulo enkulu, kufaka phakathi ama-raspberries nama-rose hips.
Ukudla kufanele kufake amantongomane nezinhlanganisela ezahlukahlukene zezinhlamvu, ezimelwe ngama-oats, amabele, imbewu ye-hemp, namabele. Ukugqoka amaminerali kungafaka ushoki, amatshe amatshe kanye nedwala lamagobolondo.
Ukuzala nenzalo
I-macaw eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ivame ukunamathela kakhulu emgodini wayo, lapho izinyoni ezinjalo zikhulisa khona inzalo yazo.... Izidleke zisetshenziswa ngabameli bezinhlobo phakathi nezikhathi zokuzalela iminyaka eminingana ilandelana. Njengomthetho, isikhathi sokukhwelana sezinyoni ezinjalo siqala ngo-Ephreli noma ngoMeyi, futhi kungalesi sikhathi lapho ubudlelwano obuthakazelisa kakhulu bezinyoni ezivuthiwe ngokocansi bungabonakala khona. Opholi bahlala egatsheni bese baphendulela imisila yabo ezinhlangothini eziphambene. Izinyoni ezindala zithinta izimpaphe entanyeni yomunye nomunye, ekhanda nangaphansi komsila.
Izenzo ezinjalo zihambisana nemisindo yokuthula, yokuthula, ngemuva kwalokho abesilisa baqala ukudansa kancane, banqekuzise ikhanda ngasikhathi sinye, bayiphonse emuva futhi bavume ngekhanda. I-clutch ngayinye imvamisa iqukethe amaqanda amabili noma amathathu, abekwa ngabesifazane ngezikhathi ezithile zezinsuku ezimbalwa. Iqanda alikho ngaphezu kuka-5 cm ubude futhi cishe liyi-3.5 cm ububanzi.
Inqubo yokufuza ihlala cishe izinsuku ezingama-24-26, futhi amaphuphu achanyuselwe awanazimpaphe futhi angaboni ngokuphelele. Inzalo iyondliwa futhi ifudunyezwe ngowesifazane. Owesilisa wondla insikazi ngalesi sikhathi, futhi futhi unesibopho sokuvikela isidleke, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi silala ngaphandle kwaso. Amachwane abamba cishe izinyanga ezine, kepha isikhathi esithile adla ngokuhlukumeza abazali bawo.
Izitha zemvelo
Izilwane ezinkulu nezidliwayo ziyizitha zemvelo ze-blue macaw ngokwemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzingela ngokungemthetho kwaba nomthelela ekubhujisweni kwezinyoni ezinjalo ezimweni zemvelo. Lezi zinyoni zabanjwa yizakhamizi zakule ndawo ukuze zithole inyama. Ukwehla kwesibalo sabantu kwakwenziwa ukwakhiwa kwedamu kusetshenziswa izingodo zeTabebuya, kanye nokucwiliswa kwamahlathi ngaphansi kwamanzi nokusikwa kwezitshalo zokubasa.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ziqinile ngendlela exakile, ziqine kakhulu, futhi ziyadlala futhi zifuna ukwazi, uma kunengozi, ziyakwazi ukuwela phansi zizenze abafileyo, okuvame ukusindisa izimpilo zazo.
Izinyoni, ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obukhulu, zikulungele kangcono ukugcinwa emapaki ezilwane nasemasekisini, hhayi kunoma yiziphi izindawo zokuhlala. Yize kunjalo, imacaw, yize inezici ezinjalo, ifunwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi abaningi bezinyoni ezingandile nezingavamile.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Abamele lezi zinhlobo abasatholakali endle, owesilisa wokugcina owayehlala endaweni yemvelo wanyamalala emuva ngonyaka ka-2000... Emuva maphakathi neminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, kwenziwa imizamo eminingi yokwethula insikazi kusuka kwelinye lamaqoqo azimele emvelweni, kepha le nyoni, ngeshwa, yafa.
Kwakuyisici sezinyoni ezikhanyayo nezinhle ukusebenzisa umzila wendiza osungulwe kahle iminyaka eminingi, owawusiza kakhulu umsebenzi wenani elikhulu labazingeli abangekho emthethweni.
Njengamanje, lincane ithemba lokuthi isibalo sezinyoni ezingandile asikatholakali kubantu endle. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kososayensi abaningi, ukuphela kwethemba lalesi silwane kuseseyizinyoni, ezigcinwa emaqoqweni ambalwa azimele. Ngokuya ngemininingwane emenyezelwe, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu elidlule, amaqoqo azimele aqukethe abantu abangaba yishumi nesikhombisa, kepha kukhona ingxenyana yamathuba okuthi ngeke kusakwazi ukuthola inzalo kuwo. Le ngozi ingenxa yemicabango mayelana nemvelaphi yabo ehlobene eduze.
Kuzothakazelisa futhi:
- Zopholi beMacaw
- I-Parrot kea
- Izipholi zothando
- Zopholi Royal
- Zopholi kakariki
Njengamanje kunohlelo oluhlose ukwethula amaphuphu achanyuselwe endle nokuwavikela kubazingeli abangekho emthethweni. Manje ngabantu abayisishiyagalolunye kuphela ababambe iqhaza ohlelweni lomsebenzi futhi bamele ama-90% walokho okubizwa ngokuhlukahluka kofuzo kubo bonke abantu bezinyoni ezingandile. Ngo-2004, eLoro Parque, basaphumelela ukuthola amaphuphu anezimpaphe ezinje ngababili futhi bakhulise kahle.
I-blue macaw yafakwa ku-CITES Isithasiselo I, maqondana nesivumelwano samazwe omhlaba ngemisebenzi yokuhweba maqondana nezinhlobo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Lesi sivumelwano senza kube semthethweni ukuhweba ngopholi abangavamile. Le nyoni ifakiwe eNcwadini Ebomvu yomhlaba namuhla.
