IGalapagos penguin (igama lesiLatin - uSpheniscus mendiculus) ungummeleli womndeni wakwaPenguin, uhlobo lwepenguin oluhlonishwayo.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwepenguin yaseGalapagos.
IGalapagos Penguin isatshalaliswa eziqhingini zaseGalapagos, ngasogwini olusentshonalanga ye-Ecuador. Ungumuntu ohlala unyaka wonke eziqhingini eziningi ze-19 ochungechungeni lweGalapagos. Izinyoni eziningi zitholakala eziqhingini ezimbili ezinkulu iFernandina ne-Isabela.
Indawo yokuhlala kwepenguin yaseGalapagos.
Ama-penguin aseGalapagos ahlala ezindaweni ezisogwini nasezilwandle lapho umsinga obandayo uletha khona ukudla okuningi. Lezi zinyoni zihlala ogwini olunesihlabathi nasemabhishi anamatshe. Zakha phezu kogu oluvikelekile. Ama-penguin aseGalapagos ikakhulukazi ahlala eziqhingini ezinkulu zaseFernandina nase-Isabela, lapho abeka khona amaqanda emihumeni noma emigodini. Zitholakala futhi phakathi kwamadwala entaba-mlilo esiqhingini. Zizingela izinhlanzi ezincane nama-crustaceans emanzini asogwini, zitshuza ziye ekujuleni okungaba ngamamitha angama-30.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zephengwini weGalapagos.
Ama-penguin aseGalapagos yizinyoni ezincane ezinokuphakama okuphakathi kuka-53 cm kuphela futhi zinesisindo esiphakathi kuka-1.7 no-2.6 kg. Abesilisa banosayizi abakhulu bomzimba kunabesifazane. Ama-penguin we-Galapagos angamalungu amancane kakhulu e-Spheniscus, noma iqembu lama-penguin. Lezi zinhlobo ziningi kakhulu ngombala omnyama neziqu ezimhlophe ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba nendawo enkulu engaphambili emhlophe.
Njengawo wonke ama-penguin abukiwe, izinyoni zinekhanda elimnyama elinophawu olumhlophe oluqala ngaphezu kwamehlo womabili futhi zizungeze emuva, phansi, nangaphambili entanyeni. Banekhanda elincane nomugqa omnyama ubahlukanisa nezinhlobo ezihlobene. Ngezansi kwekhanda, ama-penguin aseGalapagos anekhola elincane elimnyama elehlela emuva. Ngezansi kokhololo omnyama, kunomunye umugqa omhlophe ohamba nhlangothi zombili zomzimba nomunye umugqa omnyama ohamba nawo wonke ubude bomzimba.
Ukuzalela i-Galapagos Penguin.
Ama-penguin aseGalapagos anomkhuba wokujola oyinkimbinkimbi ngaphambi kokukhwelana. Lokhu kuziphatha kufaka phakathi ukuxubha izimpaphe, ukuphulula ngamaphiko nemilomo. Ngababili bama-penguin bakha isidleke, esivuselelwa njalo kuze kubekwe amaqanda. Ukuziphatha kokuzalela kwama-penguin aseGalapagos kuhlukile. Lapho zakha isidleke, izinyoni zisebenzisa noma yiziphi izinsiza ezikhona futhi zivame ukweba amatshe amancane, izinti nezinye izinto esidlekeni esiseduze lapho abanikazi bengekho.
Emva kokubekwa kwamaqanda, izinyoni ziqala ukufukelana ngokulandelana. Ngenkathi inyoni eyodwa ihleli emaqandeni, eyesibili ithola ukudla.
Ama-penguin aseGalapagos azala kabili noma kathathu ngonyaka, abeka amaqanda amabili, ikakhulukazi phakathi kukaMeyi noJulayi. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezikahle, ukuzala kwenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ama-penguin aseGalapagos akha izidleke emihumeni noma ezintabeni zentaba-mlilo. Ukufukamela kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-38 kuye kwezingu-42. Ngemuva kokuchanyuselwa kwamachwane, omunye umzali uvikela inzalo yakhe, kanti omunye ufuna ukudla okondla amaphuphu. Ngemuva kokubuyela esidlekeni, iphengwini likubuyisela kabusha ukudla okulethwe amaphuphu. Le nqubo ebanzi yokuqapha nokondla inzalo ihlala cishe izinsuku ezingama-30 kuye kwezingama-40, okuyilapho amaphuphu ekhula ngokuqaphelekayo, bese kuthi izinyoni ezindala zikwazi ukuzondla ngokuthula, zishiya isidleke singanakiwe. Izibopho zokuvikela inzalo zihlala isikhathi esingangenyanga, emva kwalokho amaphengwini amancane aqedela ukukhula kwawo aze abe ngosayizi womuntu omdala.
Amachwane athembela cishe ezinsukwini ezingama-60 ubudala futhi azimele ngokuphelele ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha ubudala. Izinsikazi ezincane zizala lapho zineminyaka emi-3 kuya kwengu-4 ubudala, bese kuthi ezesilisa zibe neminyaka emi-4 kuye kwengu-6 ubudala.
Ama-penguin aseGalapagos ahlala emvelweni iminyaka eyi-15 - 20.
Ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme lokufa kusuka ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, indlala, izimo zezulu kanye nezici zabantu, iningi lama-penguin aseGalapagos awahlali kule minyaka.
Izici zokuziphatha kwamaphengwini weGalapagos.
Ama-penguin aseGalapagos yizinyoni zomphakathi ezihlala emakoloni amakhulu. Le ndlela yokuphila inikeza inzuzo ebalulekile lapho uvikela ekuhlaselweni yizilwane. La maphengwini ayindida emhlabeni, futhi yimilenze emifushane namaphiko amancane okuhlinzeka ukulingana okuncane. Lapho kuhamba, ama-penguin aseGalapagos ahamba ngapha nangapha, evula amaphiko awo. Kodwa emanzini kukhona ababhukudi beshesha. Ama-penguin aseGalapagos athola ukudla emanzini asogwini lwalezi ziqhingi. Ziyizinyoni zendawo futhi zivikela indawo yazo yokwakha izidleke komakhelwane. Ubukhulu bensimu buxhomeke ekumeni kwabantu.
Izici zokudla okunempilo kwama-penguin aseGalapagos.
Ama-penguin aseGalapagos adla zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezincane (ezingekho ngaphezu kwe-15 mm ubude) nezinye izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla zasolwandle. Babamba ama-anchovies, ama-sardine, i-sprat ne-mullet. Ama-penguin amaGalapagos asebenzisa amaphiko awo amafushane ukubhukuda emanzini kanye noqhwaku lwawo oluncane, oluqinile ukubamba izinhlanzi ezincane nokunye okuphilayo kwasolwandle. Ama-penguin we-Galapagos avamise ukuzingela ngamaqembu futhi abambe inyamazane yawo ngezansi. Isikhundla seso maqondana nekhala sisiza ukuthola isisulu ngokuyinhloko sisendaweni ephansi maqondana nesilwane.
Inhlanganisela yamnyama nomhlophe isiza amaphengwini ukuzifihla ngaphansi kwamanzi. Lapho umhlaseli ebheka phezulu, ubona umbala omnyama ngemuva kwephengwini, okuhambisana namanzi amnyama, ajulile. Futhi uma ebheka iphengwini ngezansi, ubona ingaphansi elimhlophe, elihlanganiswa namanzi angaguquki ajulile.
Okusho umuntu.
Ama-penguin aseGalapagos ayindawo eheha izivakashi. Izivakashi eziningi kanye nabaqaphi bezinyoni abashisekayo bazimisele ukukhokha isamba esikhulu sokuvakashela izindawo zokuhlala amaphengwini ezingandile.
Lolu hlobo lunomthelela omkhulu enanini lezinhlanzi. Inani elincane lamaphengwini lingabhubhisa ngaphezu kwamathani ayizi-6,000 - 7,000 wezinhlanzi, ezinenani elithile lezomnotho.
Izindlela zokongiwa kwepenguin yaseGalapagos.
AmaGalapagos Penguin avikelwe eGalapagos National Park naseMarine Sanctuary. Ukutholakala kwezindawo zokuzalela izinyoni kulawulwa ngokuqinile futhi ucwaningo lungenzeka kuphela ngemvume ekhethekile.
Izimo zokuphila ezikhethekile zezilwane ezizingelayo seziqalisiwe, kanti ezinye zazo zisusiwe eziqhingini. Amaphrojekthi ocwaningo ahlose ukudala izindawo ezingcono zokwakha izidleke futhi ethule izidleke zokufakelwa ezakhiwa ngo-2010. Ukuvikela izindawo zokudla kwama-penguin, kutholwe izindawo ezintathu zokudoba lapho izinyoni zibamba khona izinhlanzi, futhi ukudoba kusuka emkhunjini akuvunyelwe. Izindawo Ezintsha Zasolwandle ezisungulwe ngo-2016 ezungeze iDarwin neWolf Islands nezindawo ezintathu ezivikelwe zePenguin.
Izinyathelo zokongiwa ezihlongozwayo zifaka phakathi: isidingo sokuqapha isikhathi eside, ukukhawulela ukudoba kanye nokuvikela indawo yasolwandle ezindaweni ezizalanayo zamaphengwini angavamile, ukuvikela ezinhlotsheni ezingabafokazi ezindaweni ezizalisayo, nokwakha iziqhingi zokuzenzela zama-penguin.
