Inhlanzi ye-Carp - okumnandi kwababusi baseChina
I-Carp yaziwa kakhulu ngabathandi bokudoba - iyindebe enomona yokuzingela emanzini. Ohlala echibini ubuye athandwe ngama-gourmets ngezindawo zawo zokudla okunomsoco nokunambitheka kwawo. Ngaye futhi kuzoxoxwa ngokuqhubekayo.
Ngisho eminyakeni engama-2500 eyedlule eChina, bese kuba seJapan, bafunde ukuzalanisa le nhlanzi ethelayo, akusizi ngalutho ukuthi ukuhunyushwa kwegama kusho ukuthi "isithelo". Sekungamakhulu eminyaka abantu bedoba i-carp ukuzitika ngalezi zinhlanzi ezinhle.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Inhlanzi yomfula iCarp futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, umhlali wamachibi namachibi. Ukhokho wayo yi-carp yomfula. Kepha inzalo yadlula ukhokho ngezindlela eziningi: ubungqabavu, ukukhuthazela, ukuzala. I-carp yamanzi angenasawoti ingabhekwa njengenhlanzi enhle ngezikali zayo ezinkulu namaphiko omsila obomvu.
Umbala ongemuva we-carp ejwayelekile ye-scaly ubumnyama obumnyama, isisu sikhanya kakhulu. Amaphiko ampunga. Ukufuywa kwezinhlanzi zanamuhla kukuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise umbala wombala wommeleli wakudala futhi uzuze imiphumela ehlaba umxhwele ngempela.
Isakhiwo somzimba siyehluka ezinhlotsheni: amafomu abuyiselwe emuva ahlanganiswa namachibi echibini, afana namacrubi, aminyene futhi amafushane. Izidumbu ezihlanganisiwe nezingu-cylindrical ziyisici sabakhileyo emfuleni. Zonke izidumbu zihlukaniswa ngezimpondo ezine emaphethelweni ezindebe eziphuzi, ezimfushane neziwugqinsi.
Ubukhulu bazo zonke izihlobo buyahlaba umxhwele: abancane abanonyaka owodwa cishe bangama-20 cm ubude, futhi abantu abadala bangakhula bafike ku-1 m ngisho nangaphezulu. Isisindo esiphezulu se-carp enkulu sasingaphezu kwama-37 kg. Kwakuyirekhodi lomhlaba elibekwe eRomania ngo-1997. Amakhophi ajwayelekile aya eminyangweni yokuthengisa anesisindo esingu-1 kuye ku-8 kg.
AmaShayina asendulo afunda ukuzala uhlobo lwenhlazi yohlobo lwe-carp futhi ayenza ithandwe esifundeni sase-Asia. Kancane kancane wanqoba iYurophu, kwathi ngekhulu le-19 wafika eMelika. Ukuzala nobungqabavu bezinhlanzi kube nomthelela ekusakazekeni kwayo kabanzi.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-carp ziyehluka ngombala wezikali nobukhona bekhava enesikhumba. Ukukhethwa kwamanje kokukhetha kuye kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukudala ama-subspecies angaphezu kuka-80 okuhlobisa. Ngakho-ke, emndenini omkhulu, umuntu angahlukanisa:
— i-carp yegolide, ngezikali eziminyene nezikhulu eziphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani. Isidumbu sikhulu, sihlangene, sinomhlane ophakeme, sihlome "ngamafayela" anezinhlamvu emaphikweni aso;
Kuboniswe i-carp yegolide
— isibuko carp, noma ebukhosini. Iyaziwa kalula ngezikali zayo ezimbalwa ezitholakala eceleni komugqa womzimba futhi kwesinye isikhathi zisakazeke eziqhingini ezincane kuwo wonke umzimba. Emugqeni ohlangothini kunezimbobo ezinamaseli ezinzwa, ngenxa yokuthi inhlanzi ifunda imininingwane ngendawo yokuhlala. Kunemisebe embalwa emaphikweni kunalezo ezihlotsheni, futhi lolu hlobo lungathola isisindo esikhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye;
Esithombeni kukhona i-carp yesibuko
— ukhaphethi onqunu (isikhumba), ikhiqizwa ngokungeyikho. It has a isici sombala oluhlaza;
Esithombeni nqunu (yesikhumba) carp
— koi, carps zokuhlobisa. Zazalwa kusukela ngekhulu le-14 eJapan futhi ekuqaleni zahluka ngemibala ebomvu, emnyama nephuzi, izinhlobonhlobo zakamuva zemibala engajwayelekile nemangazayo zatholakala: ukhaphethi omhlophe, imthende, inamaphethini ngemuva nezinye izinhlobo. I-koi yokuzalanisa ihlolwa hhayi kuphela indawo nokuma kwamabala akhanyayo, kepha futhi nekhwalithi yesikhumba, ukwakheka komzimba, ikhanda nobukhulu bawo.
Kuboniswe i-koi carp yokuhlobisa
Inhlanzi yomndeni we-carp bangabakhileyo abangathobekile, abakwaziyo ukuzwana ngisho nasemizimbeni yamanzi engcolile. Uthanda amanzi amile, athule noma ageleza ngokulingene, ngakho-ke uhlala emifuleni emincane, emachibini nasemachibini. Ubungqabavu bubonakala lapho imvelo ishintsha.
Ithanda ukufudumala, kepha i-scaly carp ivunwa ngisho nasemanzini abandayo eSiberia. Kwabhalwa ukuthi waphoqeleka ukuthi ahlale emanzini anosawoti ngemuva kokuphuka kwedamu, elalivimba ukungena olwandle.
Ngokuyinhloko carp uyaphila emzileni ophakathi nendawo naseningizimu yeRussia, Germany, France, Czech Republic, Australia, America. Izindawo eziyizintandokazi zezinhlanzi ezinqolobaneni ezinendawo engezansi yobumba, embozwe ungqimba olunodaka oluncane. Izikhukhula ezingaphansi kwamanzi, amahlathi kanye nomhlanga yizindawo zokuhlala ukhokho nokudla ngasikhathi sinye endaweni engama-300 m.
Ngemuva kokugawulwa kwamahlathi, lapho izindawo zigcwala amanzi, kwakheka izintaba zamagatsha abolayo nezingodo. Izindawo ezinjalo zekhaphethi kufanele zihlolwe ukuthi zihlala yini. Zihlala ikakhulu ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha ayi-5. Kunokuthandwa yizibuko zesibuko, ezingacwili ekujuleni, zihlala emanzini angajulile futhi zidinga amanzi anomoya.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Inhlanzi ye-Carp Ingabe uhlobo lokuhlangana. Abantu abancane bahlala ndawonye ngobuningi, futhi abakhulu bangahlala ngokwehlukana, bodwa futhi bathule, kepha basondele ezihlotsheni zabo. Isimo sezulu esibandayo esizayo kuphela esibashukumisela ukuba bahlangane ukuze bathole indawo ebusika efanelekayo. Bahlela ukulinda ubusika besesimweni sokulala okungatheni ngamamitha ayi-10, emigodini engezansi.
Uma kungenakho ukudangala okufanelekile, izinhlanzi ziyiswa ezindaweni eziqinile kakhulu. Ungqimba olujiyile lwamafinyila luyawavikela. Ukuvuka kuqala ngokufika kwentwasahlobo nokufudumala kwamanzi kancane kancane. Isikhathi esivamile sokuqala komsebenzi sekwephuzile ngoMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
Izinhlanzi ezilambile ziqala ukufuna ukudla futhi zishiya amakamu asebusika, zikhuphukele ekujuleni okujwayelekile kwamamitha ayi-4-6. Izinhlanzi zeCarp zihlala phansi, azenzi ukunyakaza okude noma ukufuduka. Amajuba amachibi ahlala emihlambini emahlathini omhlanga nakwezinye izimila eziminyene, kuyilapho abantu abakhulu behlala ngokujula, baphuma ezindlini zokudla ukuze bazondle.
Izindawo ezivulekile ezinelanga akuzona ezabo, imvelo ye-carp ingukuhlwa futhi inomthunzi. Azihambi ngomhlambi ominyene, kepha zilandelana, zixuba abantu bobudala obuhlukile, njengomndeni wangempela. Baziphatha ngokuthula, ngaphandle kolaka. Ukubonakaliswa okumangazayo kobukhona be-carp ukweqa kwayo okuphezulu kwamanzi.
Abadobi bavame ukubona lesi senzakalo ekuseni kakhulu noma ntambama. Ukugxuma kuphakeme kakhulu, kubukhali, kuyindodana lapho iwela phansi emanzini. Umphumela wendiza enjalo negagasi elenziwe ekuweni liba sobala kakhulu kangangokuba umbono walokho akubona uhlala isikhathi eside.
Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuyisibonakaliso somhlambi oqonde ekuphakeleni, futhi ukweqa njalo kuyisimo sezulu esiya siba sibi. Abadobi baphawula ubukhona bamandla, ukuqapha kanye nobuhlakani obuthile ezinhlanzini ze-carp. Ukudoba isakhamuzi esinjalo sasemanzini kuyajabulisa futhi kubudedengu, kudinga ukukhuthazela nobuhlakani.
Imvelo inike amandla usawoti wamanzi angenasawoti inkumbulo yezinhlanzi ngephunga nokunambitheka kokuphakelayo. Uma ubamba inhlanzi ngesithiyelo, bese uyidedela, khona-ke ngeke ibuyele ekulungeni okufanayo, wazi ukuthi kuyingozi kangakanani.
Umuzwa omuhle kakhulu wephunga kanye nama-receptors athuthukisiwe asebenza ukuze izidumbu zikwazi ukuhogela iphunga amamitha ambalwa ukusuka kude, futhi ukutholwa kokunambitha kukuvumela ukuthi uhlunge ukudla, ucindezele izinhlayiya zokudla ezingadingekile ngemigodi. Uthathwa njengomuntu omnivorous, kepha ikhono lakhe ekukhetheni limenza acishe abe yigourmet.
Esinye isici esibalulekile se-carp yikhono lokubona i-360 ° nokuhlukanisa imibala. Angahamba ebumnyameni, alandele ingozi ezungezile, ngoba ubona konke emsileni wakhe. Iyinhlanzi ye-carp eqaphelayo futhi enamandla, ama-anglers azi kahle, ngoba akulula neze ukudoba isifanekiso esikhulu.
Ukudla
Ngeqiniso idlani i-carp konke nokuningi, uthathwa njengomuntu ominzile futhi omnivorous. Ukudla kufaka ukudla kwezilwane ngendlela yezinhlanzi ezincane, amaqanda, amaxoxo, izikelemu, iminenke, izinambuzane, zonke izinhlobo zezibungu, ama-molluscs.
I-cannibalism nayo inemvelo kubo, abayideleli eyabo gazinga. Umuzwa omuhle wokuhogela kukusiza ukuthi uthole isisulu sakho. Ngenxa ye-voracity yabo nokukhula okusheshayo, ama-carps abizwa ngokuthi izingulube zamanzi.
Ukudla kwezilwane kugqame ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla, kanti ehlobo, lapho kuvela uhlaza oluluhlaza, ukudla kwemifino kudlangile: umhlanga omncane, iziqu namaqabunga ezitshalo ngaphansi kwamanzi. Emahlozini omhlanga ungezwa isici sokushaywa kwezinhlanzi. Amahlumela alunywa kalula ngamazinyo e-pharyngeal of carp, ikwazi ukuchoboza amagobolondo alukhuni e-crayfish neminenke.
Lapho kufika isikhathi sezinhlanzi, I-carp iyadla amafinyila ngeziqu zezitshalo, emigodini yokuchelela imfuyo ifakwa umquba. Emapulazini e-carp, okuphakelayo okhethekile kulungiselelwe ukwandisa ngokushesha isisindo sezinhlanzi.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ngesikhukhula sasentwasahlobo, izinhlanzi zishiya izindawo zazo zokuhlala zasebusika bese ziya ezifundeni zemifula. Umsebenzi wezakhamizi uqala lapho amanzi efudumala aze afike kwali-10° C. Cishe cishe inyanga, inhlanzi ibuthana lapho izalela khona phakathi kwamahlathi aminyene angaphansi kwamanzi.
Kuboniswe i-carp encane
Izinga lokushisa kwamanzi kufanele libe ngu-18 - 28° C, futhi ukujula akudluli kumamitha ama-2. Kwesinye isikhathi izinhlanzi zizalela eduze nemichilo yasogwini, emanzini angajulile. Amaqanda abekwa emaqabungeni ezitshalo noma kulwelwe oluyindilinga. Ukuzalela kwenzeka ebusuku.
Amachibi anomsindo kuze kuse. Indawo ngayinye yokuzalanisa isetshenziswa futhi. Ukuvuthwa kwe-Caviar kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-3-4. Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwe-carp kwenzeka ngeminyaka eyi-3-5, kunqunywa ngosayizi wenhlanzi, ofinyelele kuma-29-35 cm.Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa. Akuwona wonke amafry asindayo, hhayi wonke afinyelela ekuvuthweni.
Kepha i-carp eye yanqoba imingcele yokukhula ihlala isikhathi eside, uma umdobi onolwazi engayidobi. Ukudoba uhlobo lwenhlazi yasemfuleni - umsebenzi womuntu oneminyaka eyikhulu. Kukholakala ukuthi isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwabantu singafika eminyakeni engama-30. Kepha imidondoshiya ebanjiwe ineminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ubudala. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka nokuthi lokhu akuyona umkhawulo weminyaka.
Ungayipheka kanjani i-carp
I-Carp iyinhlanzi emnandi ecebile ngezinto zokulandela umkhondo. Izazi zokudla okunomsoco zeluleka ukuthi kudliwe inyama njalo ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuncane kwekhalori nokunotha ngamavithamini. Phakathi kwezinye izinhlanzi intengo ye-carp itholakale kumthengi.
Abapheki abanolwazi batusa ukulungiselela izitsha kusuka kuzinhlanzi eziphilayo ezithengiwe. I-Carp ine-flavour ekhethekile engaqina futhi ingathandeki ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa. Imvamisa kulungiselelwe ukucubungula i-carp:
- kubhakwe kuhhavini. Ngenxa yalokhu, isidumbu sinosawoti futhi sihlikiwe ngezinongo. Ngemuva kwalokho ibekwe emakhazeni e-pickling. Ngemuva kwehora, usakaze ku-foil, usike inyama ngemuva bese ufaka i-lemon wedges. Ngaphakathi kwesidumbu, indawo igcwele u-anyanisi oqoshiwe. Thela ukhilimu omuncu bese ubeka ebhodini lokubhaka kuhhavini. Engxenyeni yehora, izinhlanzi sezilungile.
- othosiwe epanini. Izingcezu eziqoshiwe zifakwe ubisi olunosawoti imizuzu eyi-10. Bese bekhipha, bahlikihle izinongo bese begoqa ufulawa. Inhlanzi ithosiwe emafutheni we-sunflower ngokufakwa kwebhotela ukuze kutholakale uqweqwe oluhehayo. Noma ngubani okwaziyo ukupheka inhlanzi ye-carp uzohlala ejabulisa izivakashi ngesidlo esinempilo nesinomsoco.
