Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo i-manatee
AmaManatee - izinkomo zasolwandle, okuvame ukubizwa kanjalo ngempilo yokuzilibazisa, usayizi omkhulu nokuthandwa kokudla kwemifino. Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo zingaphansi kohlelo lwama-sireni; zikhetha ukuhlala emanzini angajulile, zidla ulwelwe olunhlobonhlobo. Ngaphezu kwezinkomo, zivame ukufaniswa nama-dugongs, yize ama-manatee anomumo ohlukile wogebhezi nomsila, kufana nokugwedla kunemfoloko njenge-dugong.
Esinye isilwane i-manatee engahlanganiswa naso yindlovu, kepha le nhlangano ayifanele ngenxa yobukhulu bazo zombili lezi zilwane ezincelisayo, kodwa futhi nezici zomzimba.
Kuma-manatee, njengezindlovu, ama-molars ayashintsha empilweni yabo yonke. Amazinyo amasha akhula ngokuqhubekayo emgqeni futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi asuse amadala. Futhi, amaphiko osimende wendlovu anezinselo ezifana nezinzipho zabazalwane basemhlabeni.
Imanatee eseyikhulile enempilo ingaba nesisindo esiphakathi kuka-400 no-550 kilograms, nobude bomzimba bube ngamamitha amathathu. Kunezimo ezimangazayo lapho i-manatee ifinyelela isisindo samakhilogremu ayi-1700 ngobude bamamitha ayi-3.5.
Imvamisa, abesifazane yibo abahlukile, ngoba bakhulu futhi basinda kunabesilisa. Lapho izalwa, i-manatee yengane isisindo esingaba ngama-30 kilograms. Ungahlangana nalesi silwane esingajwayelekile emanzini asogwini aseMelika, oLwandle lweCaribbean.
Kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-manatee: i-Afrika, i-Amazonian ne-American. Ezasolwandle zase-Afrika izinkomo — amaduna itholakala emanzini ase-Afrika, ama-Amazonia - iNingizimu Melika, iMelika - eNtshonalanga India. Isilwane esincelisayo sikhula olwandle olunosawoti kanye nasemanzini omfula ahlanzekile.
Phambilini, bekukhona ukuzingelwa okusebenzayo kwezimpawu zezindlovu ngenxa yenani elikhulu lenyama namafutha, kepha manje ukuzingela akuvunyelwe nakancane. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, i-manatee yaseMelika ithathwa njengezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa, njengoba ithonya labantu ezindaweni zalo zemvelo linciphise kakhulu inani labantu.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ama-manatees awanazo izitha zemvelo phakathi kwezinye izakhamuzi zamanzi, isitha sazo kuphela umuntu. Izimpawu zezindlovu zonakaliswa yimishini yokudoba, egwinywa yi-manatee nge-algae.
Uma sesisemgudwini wokugaya ukudla, ulayini wokudoba nokubhekana kabuhlungu nesilwane ngaphakathi. Futhi, ophephela bezikebhe baba yingozi enkulu, ukusebenza kwenjini lapho isilwane singezwa khona ngokomzimba, ngoba singabona kuphela amaza aphezulu. Kunombono wokuthi ngaphambi kokuba lolu hlobo lube nezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20, noma kunjalo, umuntu wesimanje ubone impilo yezintathu kuphela zazo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, inkomo kaSteller yanyamalala ngenxa yethonya lomuntu emuva ngekhulu le-18, imanatee yaseMelika isengozini yokuqothulwa ngokuphelele, njenge-dugong, ngeshwa, engathola isimo esifanayo maduze.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithonya lomuntu ezimpilweni zalezi zilwane liyishintshe kakhulu inqubo yokufuduka kwaminyaka yonke kwezinye izindawo. Isibonelo, ejwayele amanzi afudumele njalo eduze kwezitshalo zamandla, ama-manatee olwandle wayeka ukufuduka ukuze asinde ngenkathi ebandayo.
Kungabonakala ukuthi lokhu akuyona inkinga enkulu, ngoba umsebenzi weziteshi amaduna ungaphazamisi, noma kunjalo, muva nje izikhungo zamandla kagesi eziningi zivaliwe, futhi nemizila yokufuduka yemvelo yezimpawu zezindlovu isikhohliwe. I-US Wildlife Service ilungisa le nkinga ngokuhlola izinketho zokufudumeza amanzi ikakhulukazi ama-manatees.
Kukhona inganekwane okuthi lapho uqala ukuyibona i-manatee icula iculo, okungukuthi, ukukhipha imisindo ebambezelayo kuye, izihambi zasolwandle zamthatha njenge-mermaid enhle.
Isimo kanye nendlela yokuphila ye-manatee
Kungabonakala, ukwahlulela nge pictures, bongwe - isilwane esikhulu esisabekayo sasolwandle, kepha lezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu aziyona ingozi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-manatees anomlingiswa onelukuluku kakhulu, omnene futhi othembayo. Zibuye zivumelane kalula nokuthunjwa futhi zithanjiswa kalula.
Ekufuneni ukudla, okudingwa wuphawu lwezindlovu nsuku zonke, isilwane sikwazi ukunqoba amabanga amade, sisuka emanzini olwandle anosawoti siye emilonyeni yemifula nasemuva. I-manatee izizwa ikhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-1-5; njengomthetho, isilwane asihli sijule, ngaphandle uma izimo ezinzima zikudinga.
Umbala womuntu omdala i-manatee esithombeni ihlukile kumbala wezingane, ezizalwa zimnyama kakhulu kunabazali bazo, mpunga noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umzimba omude wesilwane esincelisayo ugcwele izinwele ezinhle, ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesikhumba luvuselelwa kancane kancane ngaso sonke isikhathi ukugwema ukuqoqeka kolwelwe.
UManatee ngobuchule uphethe izidladla ezinkulu, ethumela ulwelwe nokunye ukudla ngosizo lwabo emlonyeni wakhe. Njengomthetho, ama-manatees ahlala wedwa, kwesinye isikhathi enza amaqembu. Kwenzeka phakathi nemidlalo yokukhwelana, lapho abesilisa abaningana bekwazi ukunakekela insikazi eyodwa. Izimpawu zezindlovu ezinokuthula azilweli indawo nesimo senhlalo.
Ukudla kwemanatee
IManatee ithatha cishe ama-kilograms angama-30 algae nsuku zonke ukugcina isisindo esikhulu. Imvamisa kufanele ubheke ukudla, ubhukude amabanga amade futhi ungene nasemanzini ahlanzekile emifula. Noma iziphi izinhlobo ze-algae zinentshisekelo kwi-manatee; kwesinye isikhathi, ukudla okudla imifino kuhlanjululwa ngezinhlanzi ezincane nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-invertebrate.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Abesilisa bamaManatee bakulungela ukukhwelwa kokuqala kuphela lapho befika eminyakeni eyi-10 ubudala, abesifazane bavuthwa ngokushesha - bayakwazi ukuzala abantwana kusukela eminyakeni engu-4-5 ubudala. Abesilisa abaningana bangakwazi ukunakekela insikazi eyodwa ngasikhathi sinye kuze kube yilapho bekhetha enye yazo. Izikhathi zokukhulelwa ziyahlukahluka kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kuye kwezingu-14.
Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa, i-baby manatee ingafinyelela imitha eli-1 ubude futhi ibe nesisindo esingama-30 kilogram. Izinyanga eziyi-18 kuya kwezingama-20, umama ulifunza ngokucophelela ithole ngobisi, yize ingane ingakwazi ukuzimela ifune futhi imunce ukudla kusuka emasontweni amathathu ubudala.
Ososayensi abaningi bachaza lokhu kuziphatha ngokuthi iqiniso lokuthi isibopho phakathi kukamama ne-cub kuma-manatee sinamandla ngokumangazayo kubamele umhlaba wezilwane futhi singahlala iminyaka eminingi, ngisho nempilo yonke. Umuntu omdala onempilo angaphila iminyaka engama-55-60.
