Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Ingwane yizilwane ze-benthic, ziyizinhlobo zama-cephalopods, zitholakala kuphela kukholamu lamanzi, kaningi ekujuleni okukhulu. Kuzobhungwa ngaye namhlanje.
Esithombeni kukhona ingwane kungabukeka kungenasici ngenxa yomzimba omfushane othambile wesimo se-oval esingajwayelekile kanye nokungabikho ngokuphelele kwamathambo emzimbeni. Umlomo wesilwane, onemihlathi emibili enamandla, utholakala ezansi kwamatende, indunu ifihlwe ngaphansi kwengubo, ebukeka njengesikhwama sesikhumba esijiyile. Inqubo yokuhlafuna ukudla yenzeka endaweni ebizwa nge "grater" (radula) etholakala emphinjeni.
Okufanekisiwe umlomo we-octopus
Izintambo eziyisishiyagalombili zisuka ekhanda lesilwane, ezixhunywe ulwelwesi. Itende ngalinye linemigqa eminingana yamaswidi kuso. Abantu abadala izingwane ezinkulu ungaba nezinkomishi ezingaba ngu-2000 zokudonsa kuzo zonke "izandla".
Ngaphezu kwenani lezinkomishi zokudonsa, ziphinde ziphawuleke ngamandla azo amakhulu okubamba - cishe i-100 g iyinye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kutholakala hhayi ngokudonswa, njengasekusungulweni komuntu kwegama elifanayo, kodwa kuphela ngomzamo wemisipha yemollusk uqobo.
Esithombeni, i-octopus sucker
Uhlelo lwezinhliziyo nalo luyathakazelisa, ngoba i-octopus inezinhliziyo ezintathu: into esemqoka iqinisekisa ukungena kwegazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuwo wonke umzimba, lawa wesibili adudula igazi ngemigodi.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezingwane zasolwandle zinobuthi obukhulu, ukuluma kwazo kungabulala nakwabanye abamele umhlaba wezilwane kanye nabantu. Esinye isici esivelele yikhono lokushintsha ukuma komzimba (ngenxa yokushoda kwamathambo). Isibonelo, ithatha isimo se-flounder, i-octopus icasha olwandle, isebenzisa lokhu ukuzingela nokufihla.
Uma i-octopus iba bomvu, khona-ke iyathukuthela.
Futhi, ukuthamba komzimba kuvumela ingwane enkulu ukuminyanisa ngemigodi emincane (amasentimitha ambalwa ububanzi) bese uhlala endaweni evaliwe enamanani ayi-1/4 yobukhulu besilwane, ngaphandle kokuhlangabezana nokuphazamiseka.
Ingqondo ye-octopus ithuthukiswe kakhulu, iyafana nedonathi, futhi itholakala ezungeze i-esophagus. Amehlo afana nalawo abantu lapho kukhona i-retina, kepha i-retina ye-octopus iqondiswe ngaphandle, umfundi unxande.
Izintambo ze-Octopus izwela ngokwedlulele ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamahlumela okunambitha atholakala kuzo. Umuntu omdala angakhula aze afike kumamitha ama-4 ubude, kuyilapho abamele inhlobo encane kunazo zonke (i-Argonauto argo) bekhula kuze kube isentimitha elilodwa kuphela ebudaleni.
Esithombeni, i-octopus argonaut
Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngohlobo nobude, isisindo naso siyahluka - abamele abakhulu kakhulu bangaba nesisindo sama-50 kilograms. Cishe noma iyiphi i-octopus ingashintsha umbala, ivumelane nemvelo nesimo, ngoba isikhumba semollusk siqukethe amaseli ane-pigmentation ehlukile, evumelana futhi yelule ngomyalo wesistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi.
Umbala ojwayelekile onsundu, lapho wethuka - umhlophe, ngentukuthelo - ubomvu. Ama-octopus asakazeke impela - atholakala kuzo zonke izilwandle zaselwandle ezishisayo nolwandle, kusuka emanzini angajulile kuya ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-150. Ezindaweni zokuhlala unomphela, izindawo ezinamadwala ziyakhethwa, zithanda imifantu kanye nemihosha.
Ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa kwazo kabanzi, izingwane zidliwa abahlali bamazwe amaningi. Isibonelo, eJapan, lesi silwane esixakile ngumkhiqizo ojwayelekile osetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezitsha eziningi, futhi sidliwa bukhoma.
Inyama ye-octopus enosawoti isakazeke kakhulu eRussia. Futhi, ngezinjongo zasendlini, okungukuthi, ukudweba, kusetshenziswa uyinki we-mollusk, onokuqina okwedlulele nombala onsundu ongajwayelekile.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Ama-octopus akhetha ukuhlala eduze nolwandle phakathi kwe-algae namatshe. Abasha bathanda ukucasha emagobolondweni angenalutho. Ngesikhathi sasemini, ama-mollusk awasebenzi kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho kubhekwa njengezilwane zawo zasebusuku. Ebusweni obuqinile cishe noma yimuphi umthambeka, i-octopus ingahamba kalula ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuqinile.
Imvamisa, octopus basebenzisa indlela yokubhukuda lapho izintambo zingabandakanyeki khona - baqoqa amanzi emgodini ongemva kwamaphaphu futhi banyakaze, bawukhiphe ngamandla. Lapho kuhamba ngale ndlela, izintambo zifinyelela ngemuva kwe-octopus.
Kepha, noma ngabe zingaki izindlela zokubhukuda i-octopus enazo, zonke zinenkinga efanayo - isilwane sihamba kancane. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, cishe akwenzeki ukuthi abambe inyamazane, yingakho i-octopus incamela ukuzingela endaweni yokuqamekela.
Uma kungekho msele wamahhala endaweni yokuhlela "indlu", octopus bakhetha noma yiliphi elinye "igumbi", into esemqoka ukuthi ukungena kuncane, futhi kunendawo enkulu yamahhala ngaphakathi. Amabhuzu enjoloba amadala, amathayi ezimoto, amakesi nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinto ezitholakala olwandle zingasebenza njengezindlu ze-shellfish.
Kepha, noma ngabe yikuphi ukuhlala, isilwane sikugcina kuhlanzekile, sisusa udoti ngaphandle ngomsele oqondisiwe wamanzi. Uma kunengozi, octopus bafuna ukufihla ngokushesha bacashe, bakhiphe uyinki omncane ngemuva kwabo, okhiqizwa yizindlala ezikhethekile.
I-octopus noyinki wayo
Uyinki ulenga njengesigaxa esikhula kancane kancane esigezwa ngamanzi. Ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi ngale ndlela udala isitha esingalungile, ukuthola isikhathi sokucasha.
Kukhona enye indlela ephazamisayo yama-octopus ngokumelene nezitha: uma enye ye-tentacles ibanjiwe, i-mollusk ingayibuyisela emuva ngomzamo wemisipha. Isitho esinqunyiwe senza ukunyakaza okungenakuzibandakanya isikhashana, kuphazamisa isitha.
Ama-mollusk abhekana nenkathi ebandayo ekujuleni okukhulu, abuyele emanzini angajulile ngokuqala kwemfudumalo. Zikhetha impilo ecashile eduzane nezinye izingwane ezinosayizi ofanayo. Ngenxa yobuhlakani obuthuthukisiwe be-octopus, ingathanjiswa, ngaphezu kwalokho, izobona umuntu oyondla phakathi kwabanye abantu.
Ukudla
Ama-octopus adla izinhlanzi, ama-molluscs amancane, ama-crustaceans. Ingwane yaseCaribbean ubamba isisulu ngazo zonke izandla, ulume izingcezu ezincane. I-octopus paule kumunca ukudla ngokuphelele, okungukuthi, ngokuya ngohlobo, indlela yokudla nayo yehlukile.
Ingwane idla inyamazane
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Insikazi ihlela isidleke emgodini ongezansi, lapho kubekwa khona ibhande lamaqanda angaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-80. Lapho-ke isidleke simbozwe ngamagobolondo, amatshe amancane nolwelwe. Umama ubhekisisa amaqanda ngokucophelela - uyawafaka umoya, asuse imfucumfucu, uhlala eseduze, ngisho nokudla kungaphazanyiswa, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokuvela kwezingane, insikazi isuke ikhathele ngokweqile, noma ingaphili kuze kube manje. Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwabantu singu-1-3.
