I-Pintail ebizwa kanjalo ngenxa yomsila omise okwenaliti. Inkaba yezimpaphe zayo ezicijile iyabonakala lapho indiza nangesikhathi sokubhukuda kwedada. Kuliqiniso, abesilisa kuphela abahlukile emsileni wesitayela. Bacishe babe yikota enkulu kunabesifazane ngosayizi.
I-pintail icishe ilingane ne-mallard, kepha isongwe kamnandi ngokwengeziwe. Noma kunjalo, ukuwela kwe-interspecies kungenzeka. Ama-hybrids we-mallard ne-pintail aqoshwa, ngokwesibonelo, e-Ufa. Amadada ambalwa we-interspecific ahlangatshezwa lapho ngo-2013.
Incazelo kanye nezici zenyoni
I-pintail esithombeni ingavela ngezindlela ezimbili. Abesilisa bayahluka emzimbeni wabo ongama-75 cm nesisindo ngekhilogremu ngalinye. Ikhanda linombala onsundu, itheku elimnyama futhi isisu simhlophe. Ingemuva nangaphezulu kwamaphiko enyoni ampunga.
Umbala ofanayo onombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emlonyeni womuntu wesilisa. Cishe akukho ukubonakala kwensimbi kumbala wezinyoni. Lokhu kwehlukile kumadada amaningi. i-pintail.
UDrake Inhlobo ine "isibuko" esiluhlaza okotshani ezimpikweni zayo. Kwabesifazane kunsundu, kanti abesifazane uqobo lwabo bapendwe ngokuphelele kulo mbala. Cishe kukhona ama-shades amhlophe. Zihlanganiswe nombala onsundu onsundu. Ngenxa yalokhu, abesifazane babukeka bengafani, yize bengakhanyi, bafana nemallard ngombala. Kala i-pintail (insikazi) angadluli ku-900 amagremu.
I-pintail - idada hhayi kuphela ngomsila ohlangene nokhonjisiwe, kodwa futhi nezimpiko. Lokhu kusebenza kubo bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane. Usayizi wazo umaphakathi ngokuqhathaniswa nabesifazane nabesilisa bezinye izinhlobo zamadada.
Intamo ende futhi ezacile inika ubuhle kumaphaphu. Kukhombisa ukusondelana kwalezi zinhlobo nama swans. Bona, njengamadada, bangabakwa-Anseriformes. Intamo yensimbi yinde kunaleyo yamanye amadada.
Ikhanda entanyeni enhle yomunwe liyisiyingi, lihle. Imilenze eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yezinyoni inika ukubukeka okuhle. Ukunambitheka kwenyama yomunwe nakho kuhle. Lihle kunamanye amadada. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo zithathwa njengezentengiselwano eziwusizo. Ngakho-ke kusobala ukuthi idada pintail zasendle... Asikho isidingo sokuzingela abasekhaya.
Izinhlobo zepintail
Izinhlobo ezimbili ze-pintail: ezivamile nezindawo zokugcina izilwane. Abamele laba bamuva bachazwe ngo-1758 nguKarl Linnaeus. Ngaphandle barnacle pintail Ihlukaniswa ngokufakwa okubomvu ezinhlangothini zomlomo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noboya obomile. Lezi yizimpawu zombili zamadrake namadada.
Abesilisa bezinhlobo ezivamile ezichazwe esahlukweni sokuqala nabo banemhlophe emakhanda abo. Imigqa emincane ivela entanyeni, idlula cishe ngemuva kwekhanda.
Uhlobo lwesibili lunopende omhlophe omningi ekhanda. Umbala ugijima kusuka emlonyeni kuze kube ngaphansi kwamehlo naphakathi kwentamo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imivimbo emhlophe yehla emzimbeni, okuyinto engeyona eyepeni ejwayelekile.
Inyoni e-barnacle inombala onsundu kakhulu. Inani lempunga ligcinwa lilinganiselwe. Ukubukeka okujwayelekile kufana namadada aseningizimu, lapho imidwebo yama-barnacle ivame ukudideka.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Ngemuva kokukhetha indawo enesimo sezulu esipholile, i-pintail yakwazi ukuhlala emhlabeni wonke. Ngokwezinombolo phakathi kwamadada, i-heroine ye-athikili ingeyesibili ngemuva kwe-mallard, ifinyelela ogwini lwe-Arctic ngasenyakatho kanti ama-Afrika enabela eningizimu.
I-Afrika iyikhaya lamaphaphu ebusika. Imindeni enezimpiko iyathutha. E-Afrika, amadada ayama enyakatho yezwekazi. Ingxenye yobusika babantu eningizimu yeYurophu. Enye ingxenye ye-pintail ifudukela emazweni ase-Asia.
Ngesikhathi sokuzalisa, i-pintail itholakala kulo lonke izwekazi lase-Eurasia, ikakhulukazi entshonalanga yeRussia. Lapha amadada akhethe iSiberia, noma kunjalo, kukhona futhi ngaphandle kwawo.
Indawo yokuhlala yamadada incike ezinhlotsheni zazo. Abameleli abavamile basakazekile eRussia. Izindwangu ezinamahlathi amhlophe zihlala phesheya kwezilwandle, eNingizimu Melika. Lezi zinhlobo zibizwa nangokuthi yiBahamian, ngoba izinyoni ze-barnacle zivamile eCaribbean.
Ama-pintails aseMelika akhetha ukuhlala emizimbeni yamanzi enosawoti. Ama-pintails ajwayelekile akhethwe emasha, angenza ngezimfunda ezinesikhukhula. Izinyoni ezinamahlathi amhlophe ziyawuthanda umhlume. Ama-pintails ajwayelekile akhetha izindawo ezinotshani. Amadada aseMelika angahlala ezihlahleni. Abamele izinhlobo ezivamile balala phansi.
Amadada eBarnacle awadingi ukuthi afuduke. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele saseNingizimu Melika, i-pintail ihlala unyaka wonke. Izinyoni ezivamile zisungule uhlelo lwezindiza. Izinyoni zifika ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke okungenani ngo-Ephreli, futhi ziphezulu ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Usuku oluqondile luncike endaweni, umbuso wokushisa wonyaka othile.
Ebusika, i-pintail isuswa ngo-Okthoba. Zindiza ngemihlambi yabantu abangaba ngu-20. Nokho, imihlambi ihlala iseduze. Ngakho-ke, kubonakala sengathi ikholomu yabantu abangu-200-1000 indiza. Ijubane lokundiza kwamadada asenyakatho naseningizimu liyahlukahluka. Owokuqala ahlanganisa okungenani amakhilomitha angama-70 ngosuku. I-pintail eseningizimu ithola isivinini esingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayi-100.
Amaphinta anezilinganiso ezinhle kakhulu zokuguquguquka phakathi kwamadada. Emhlabathini, abamele umndeni nabo bahamba ngokushesha, ngobuciko. Ngenxa yokwakheka okuhle komdwebo womunwe, zikhuphuka ngokulinganayo ziye emoyeni kanye nasemanzini. Izinyoni zichitha isikhathi sabo esiningi kokugcina.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Lapho ihlala emachibini avulekile, amakhulu, kepha angajulile, i-pintail ikhethwa igcwele utshani basogwini. Zisebenza njengesisekelo sokudla kwezinyoni. Azihambi nje kuphela kangcono kunamanye amadada, kodwa futhi zitshuza. Kulokhu, umsila ukhuphuka ubheke phezulu phezulu. Intamo ende yepintail yenza kube lula ukusesha okuphansi kokudla.
Kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti, abesilisa bepintail bathuthela emachibini nasemifuleni egcwele umhlanga. Isisusa asikona ukudla okungaka njengethuba lokucasha. Isikhathi se-molt siqala. Ukulahla izingubo zabo zokukhwelana, ama-drake ngokwengxenye alahlekelwa amandla abo okundiza. Zivikeleka kalula, izinyoni zivame ukucasha phakathi komhlanga.
Uma izinambuzane zitholakala ebusweni bamanzi we-pintail, ngokwesibonelo, ama-striders amanzi, le nyoni ingazuza ngayo. Ukudla kwamaphrotheni kulinganiselwa ku-10% wokudla kwamadada amadala. Ezilwaneni ezisencane, isabelo siphezulu ngama-30%. Amachwane adinga amaprotheni ukuze athole isisindo ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwezinambuzane, ama-crustaceans amancane, izingwe, onoshobishobi, gazinga nezimbaza zingangena "etafuleni".
Amadada anomsila we-pint avame ukondla kusihlwa nasebusuku. Lokhu kusindisa izinyoni ekuhlaselweni yizilwane eziningi ezidla ezinye.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana izwi le-pintail ukhonza ukuheha insikazi. UDrake uqala ngokuhayiza, nokudlikiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzwakala umlozi omfishane, kodwa omfushane. Ingoma iqala pintail entwasahlobo... Ikholi lizwakala lapho lindiza futhi lapho idrake isemanzini.
Lalela izwi le-pintail
Ngemuva kokukhwelana, insikazi izalela amaqanda afinyelela kwali-10 esidlekeni asilungiselele ngaphambili. Igoqwe ngokungakhathali kusuka otshanini, etholakala ekucindezelekeni okumbiwe. Ingena emhlabathini cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Ububanzi bethileyi bungamasentimitha angama-25.
Ukwakhiwa kwamatshe kuseduze noma ku-hummock, kuzungezwe utshani obukhulu. Amaqanda angaba ngu-4 cm ububanzi namasentimitha ama-5 ubude amhlophe nge-sheen ephuzi yomnqumo.
Njengoba idrake ebandakanyeka ekuncibilikiseni ingakunaki ukufukamela, insikazi ikhipha phansi kuye, yakhe ama-roller kuyo. Inyoni imboza amaqanda nawo, ishiye ukuzondla.
Amachwane aqanduselwa ngoJulayi. Ukubeka kwenziwa ngoMeyi. NgoJulayi, intsha isivele iphiko, izimele. Ngonyaka owodwa, izinyoni zizenzela ngazimbili zazo. Akhiwa ngesikhathi sokufuduka.
Izinyoni ezinemisila emide zinesibindi eside phakathi kwamadada. Kwakunomuntu owadlula emhlabeni eneminyaka engama-26. Wagcinwa ekuthunjweni. Ngokwemvelo, amadada angavamile ukuba neminyaka engama-20 ubudala.
Ukuzingela kwe-pintail
Ukuyozingela ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, udinga ukuthatha induku eqinile yokhuni izikhathi eziphindwe kabili ukuphakama komzingeli. Kungenzeka ukukala ukujula, ukugwema ukwehluleka. Ngaphandle kwabasebenzi, imicibisholo ifaka izimpilo zabo engcupheni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kunemfoloko egatsheni, isebenza njenge-hanger esikhwameni se-duffel. Igcinwa yomile. Uma kunjalo, kungcono ukufaka ikhampasi esikhwameni sakho se-duffel. Kubalulekile ukwenza amanothi endleleni futhi uthole ukungena kwexhaphozi. Lokhu kuzokusiza uthole indlela yakho yokubuyela emuva.
Ukuzingela i-pintail kuseduze kokulandela umkhondo we-gogol nedada. Laba abanye abamele abangu-2 bomndeni wedada. Badubula ngenombolo yesihlanu. Yize abanye abazingeli bencoma # 3.
Amadada ahehwa ngama-decoys nangezilwane ezigxotshiwe. Kufanele kube nezinyoni ezingaba ngu-20 eqenjini elikhulu labazingeli futhi cishe eziyishumi ngolunye. Izilwane ezifakiwe zibekwa ebangeni lamamitha ama-5 ukusuka endaweni yokukhosela ngemilomo yazo emelene nomoya.
Decoy for pintail inika isimungulu esifakwe izwi, elingisa idada. Noma kunjalo, kusebenza ngempumelelo ukusebenza nge-decoy pintail. Idada ligcinwa ekhaya, lifundiswa ukuhlala eduze nomzingeli, linikeza izwi. Ucingo lwabesifazane lwenza ukuthi ama-drake aqale, andize aphume abheke kulo quack.
Njengoba imihlambi ye-pintail ihlangana ngemihlambi emikhulu kuphela ekufudukeni nasesikhathini se-molting, khona-ke bayazingela. IMolting yenza umsebenzi ube lula ngokuphindwe kabili, ngoba izinyoni azikwazi ukundiza. Amadada awajwayele ukudilika, evikela isibhamu, avele andize.
Emadamini akhethwe abesilisa ngokuncibilikisa, abesifazane nabo bangaba njalo. Laba ngabantu abalahlekelwe yi-clutch yabo, noma abashiye ngaphandle kozakwethu.
Kuyisiko ukuya ukuzingela ngezinsuku ezinomoya, ezinamafu. Isimo sezulu siphoqa amadada ukuba andizele phezulu, efuna ikhava engcono. Ngalesi sikhathi bayadubula. Iminyaka ihlala usuku lonke. Esimweni sezulu esicacile, i-pintail iphakama ephikweni kuphela ekuseni futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngesikhathi sokushona kwelanga.
Indawo yokucasha yomzingeli yenziwa emingceleni yalechibi kanye nasemhlangeni osebeni lwayo. Isibhamu senziwa kumunwe we-swooping. Ukuze ukucasha kungamvuseleli ukusola kwakhe, bakha indawo yokukhosela ezimileni zasogwini. Imvamisa, i-skradka iyindilinga, ngaphansi nje kokuphakama komzingeli. Ibheke emoyeni. Amadada futhi ahlala emelene nemisinga yomoya.
Isitulo sibekwa ngaphakathi kwe-skradka. Ngaphandle kwayo, kufanele ume isikhathi eside, ukhathele futhi ulahlekelwe yikhono lokudubula ngokunembile. Udinga futhi ukonga amandla ngokwenza indawo yokukhosela endaweni lapho umsinga uzoletha khona izinyoni ezibulewe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzofanele usebenzise ngemuva kwawo wonke umunwe.
Futhi uyakhathala, futhi ubonakala sengathi unezimpaphe. Kuhle ukuba nenja yokuzingela eduze. Uzothatha ukuseshwa kwamadada agwedliwe.
Ngaphandle kwenja, kubalulekile ukudubula kuze kube sekufeni. I-pintail, embhalweni wabazingeli, inzima enxebeni. Izilwane ezilimele zigijimela emhlangeni ojiyile, lapho kunzima khona ukuqeda izinyoni. Uma kukhona inja eduze, ekugcineni kokuzingela uletha kusuka emahlathini hhayi kuphela kumnikazi olimele, kodwa nakwabanye abazingeli.
Kukhona izindebe eziningi kakhulu kunenombolo yamashothi afanele. Njengoba i-pintail iyinhlobo esabalele neningi, ayikho imikhawulo ekudutshulweni.
