Abantu abangakaze babone igundane elikhudlwana kunegundane ezimpilweni zabo bazomangala futhi bathuke lapho bebona i-capybara. Ngaphandle, lesi silwane esincelisayo sifana kakhulu nengulube yeginea. Kepha ubukhulu bayo budlula ubukhulu bengulube izikhathi eziningi.
Ngobude be-capybara wamamitha ayi-1.2, isisindo sayo sifinyelela kuma-60-70 kg. Okwamanje iyigundane elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Yize izazi ze-paleontologists zisho ngokuzethemba ukuthi ezikhathini zasendulo kwakukhona okhokho abanjalo bama-capybaras abangena kalula empini namabhere futhi bawahlula.
AmaCapybaras angabomndeni wakwa-capybara. Zi-semi-aquatic and herbivorous. Capybara inengubo yombala obomvu-nsundu noma mpunga. Esiswini, ijazi liphuzi futhi lilula. Umzimba wesilwane unzima futhi umise umgqomo, unethambo lekhola elilahlekile futhi uwele i-tibia ne-tibia.
Isilwane sinomsila, kepha ngokuvamile asibonakali. Ukucabangela isithombe se-capybara ungalibona ikhanda lakhe eliyindilinga ngesifonyo esifushane nesisikwele namathambo abanzi. Izindlebe zesilwane zincane futhi ziyindilinga, kanti namakhala abonakala kakhulu futhi ahlukaniswe kabanzi.
Isici esivelele sama-capybaras wesilisa ubukhona ebufakazini besikhumba sesikhumba esinenqwaba yezindlala ezinukayo. Kepha lo mehluko ubonakala ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuthomba. Amagundane anamazinyo angamashumi amabili.
Imilenze yangemuva yesilwane yinde kancane kunaleyo yangaphambili, ngoba kulokhu kubonakala kuwo wonke umuntu ukuthi i-capybara ihlala ifuna ukuhlala phansi. Inani lezinzwane lihlukile. Ngaphambili kunezine, ngemuva - zintathu. Umunwe ngamunye wegundane uphela ngozipho olungacacile, olubukeka ngaphandle kwezinselo. Ukuluka phakathi kwezinzwani kuvumela isilwane ukuthi sibhukude kahle.
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo ama-capybaras
Isilwane saseCapybaraekhetha isimo sezulu esiswakeme. Isimo sezulu esipholile saseMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, eColombia, e-Argentina, eBrazil, eVenezuela sibiza la magundane. Ukuze uthole induduzo nempilo ejwayelekile, badinga amabhange ezinqolobane noma amaxhaphozi asehlathini. Bangasuka kude nemizimba yamanzi ngenxa yezimo ezithile, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu kwekhilomitha.
Izilwane zikhetha kakhulu ngombuso wokushisa kwamanzi nomoya. Ukuziphatha kwabo kuthonywa kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwesizini emanzini. Lapho kufika isikhathi semvula enkulu namanzi aphezulu, ama-capybaras asakazekile kuyo yonke insimu. Ngezikhathi zesomiso, izilwane ziqongelela ngobuningi eduze komfula nemifula yamanzi.
Amachibi asiza amagundane angagcini ngokuphila impilo yawo ejwayelekile, kepha futhi awasindisa kuma-cougars, jaguar nakwezinye izilwane ezidlayo ezingeke zikhuphuke emanzini ngemuva kwazo. Futhi noma ngabe ziyakhuphuka, igundane liyabhukuda ngesivinini esimangazayo, naphezu kobukhulu balo obukhulu.
Capybara ukuthenga kungenzeka kubantu ababambe iqhaza ngqo ekuzaleni kwabo. Kulezi zinsuku zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezingajwayelekile zisemfashinini, futhi le nduku ingenye yazo. Ikhaya capybara unesimo esithambile, uhlamvu oluthambile noluthembayo, luyahlangana kalula, kokubili nabantu nazo zonke izilwane ezifuywayo. Baziboleka kahle ekuqeqesheni.
Abaningi babo bathathe indawo yabo yokuhlonishwa esekisini futhi bajabulisa ababukeli. Intengo yeCapybara ubude, kepha noma ngubani oyithengayo akasoze azisole. UCapybara ekhaya ungaba ngumngane othembekile njengenja noma ikati. Akadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngakho-ke, indawo yokuhlala enesidalwa esingavamile kuyinjabulo nobumnandi kuphela.
Ezikhathini zasendulo, lapho ugu lwaseNingizimu Melika luhlolwa nje, la magundane aqothulwa abazingeli, ayethanda inyama yezilwane. Kwakungekho mpilo ethule ngabo noma kubalimi. Kungemva kokuba sekucacile ukuthi azilimazi ezolimo, futhi zondla kuphela ulwelwe, kepha hhayi izitshalo zezolimo, lapho kwaba lula khona ukuthi amagundane aphile.
Isimo kanye nendlela yokuphila ye-capybara
Igundane capybara ngolimi lwamaNdiya, lithi "master of herbs." Izindawo ezihlala kuzo zihlukaniswe iqembu ngalinye. Amagundane alawula futhi avikele indawo yawo. Izilwane zihlala kuwo, zidle futhi ziphumule.
Bamisa imingcele yezindawo ngemfihlo yezindlala zabo zephunga, ezitholakala ekhanda. Kaningi kuvela izingxabano phakathi kwabesilisa, okuholela ekulweni. Owesilisa ophethe iqembu uhlala ezama ukukhombisa ukuphakama kwakhe kunabanye.
Labo besilisa abangaqinile kangako kufanele bakhuthazelele konke lokhu kungalawuleki, ngaphandle kwalokho abanalo ithuba lokuphila ngaphandle kweqembu labo. Umsebenzi weRodent wenzeka ikakhulukazi kusihlwa. Emini, amagundane achitha isikhathi esiningi emanzini ukugwema ukushisa umzimba.
Uhlobo lwala magundane luyi-phlegmatic. Lesi yisilwane esivilaphayo kakhulu. Unqena ngisho nokuzakhela uhlobo oluthile lokuhlala, bavele balale emhlabathini omanzi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuphela lapho bengamba khona umgodi omncane kuwo ukuze kube lula ngokwengeziwe.
Imihlambi yabo imvamisa iqukethe abantu abayi-10-20, kepha ngezikhathi ezomile baqoqa okuningi kakhulu. Capybara capybara lapho ixhumana phakathi kwabafowabo, ikhipha imisindo yokushaya amakhwela, ichofoze imisindo futhi kwesinye isikhathi ize ikhonkothe, ikakhulukazi lapho kusondela ingozi engaba khona.
Ukudla
I-Capybaras ikhetha izitshalo ezinamaprotheni amaningi. Ngamazinyo abo abukhali, kubonakala sengathi bagunda utshani. Ukudla okuthandwa kakhulu ngama-capybaras enziwe okusanhlamvu, izithelo nemifino, amakhabe nomoba. Ngokushoda kwe-algae, amagundane angadla amagxolo ezihlahla.
Kwesinye isikhathi abayideleli indle yabo, ukudla okunjalo kugaywa kalula. Kuma-zoo, ukudla kwawo kuhlukile. Lapho, banikezwa ama-granules akhethekile wamagundane kanye nama-vitamin complex ahlukahlukene.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Zala kabusha ama-capybaras amakhulu unyaka wonke. Amagundane ahlangana kaningi emanzini. Ukuphakama kokukhwelana kwehla ngesikhathi semvula. Ukukhulelwa komuntu wesifazane kuhlala cishe izinsuku eziyi-150.
Izingane zizalwa maphakathi nezulu emhlabeni, zingenandawo yokukhosela. Imvamisa insikazi izala izingane ezimbili kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili. Amehlo asevele evulekile lapho ezalwa, anezinwele futhi amazinyo asevele enqunyiwe.
Lezi zingane azikwazi ukubizwa zingenakuzisiza. Ngokwesilinganiso, umntwana osanda kuzalwa unesisindo esingu-1.5 kg. Umama onakekelayo unikela impilo yakhe yonke ekukhuliseni nasekunakekeleni izingane. Kwenzeka ukuthi banakekele izingane zabanye abantu abavela emhlambini, isazela sabo somama sithuthukiswe kakhulu. Ngokunakekelwa ngokucophelela kwezingane, omama babo bafundiswa ukuzivumelanisa nempilo ngasikhathi sinye.
Izingane zilandela omama bazo yonke indawo nakuyo yonke indawo, zifunde ukudla izimila ezahlukahlukene. Amaphuphu ala magundane adla ubisi isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezine. Ngokuyinhloko, owesifazane unodoti owodwa kuphela ngonyaka.
Kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, inani labo lingaphindeka kabili, noma liphindwe kathathu. Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili kula ma-capybaras kwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-16-18.
