Incazelo kanye nezici zegwababa
Igwababa - Le ngenye yezinyoni ezinkulu kakhulu ze-Crow oda kusuka kuhlobo lwegwababa. Le nyoni inesayizi enkulu ngokwanele, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye iyinyoni enhle kakhulu futhi iyakwazi ukumangaza abaningi.
Igwababa lifana kakhulu ne-rook, kepha lihlukile ngobukhulu balo. Kukhulu kakhulu futhi kukhulu ngokwengeziwe. Ubude bomzimba cishe bungamasentimitha angama-70. Isisindo somzimba besilisa nabesifazane sehlukile; kungalesi sikhombisi lapho i-dimorphism yezocansi izovela khona.
Isisindo sabesilisa sifinyelela ngaphezu kuka-1500 amagremu, kanti isisindo sabesifazane singeqi ku-1350 amagremu. Futhi, umehluko ubonwa kubude bephiko, kwabesilisa le nkomba ibalelwa ku-450 mm, nakwabesifazane cishe ngama-400 mm. Kokunye, akukho mehluko kwezocansi obonwe kulezi zinyoni.
Umbala wabesifazane nabesilisa uyafana. Amagwababa Ingabe izinyoni ezimnyama ngokuphelele. Kepha amagwababa amnyama kuphela lapho uthi nhlá. Uma ubhekisisa kahle izinyoni bese uthatha isikhathi eside, uzobona ukuba khona kwamathunzi nemibala eyingqayizivele edala umdlalo oyingqayizivele wombala nokukhanya.
Ekhanda, entanyeni nasemaphikweni, ungabona umbala onsomi noma onsomi, kodwa engxenyeni engaphansi yomzimba kunesici esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokukhanya kwelanga okukhanyayo, ungabona futhi nombala oluhlaza wezimpaphe. Igwababa Elimnyama, ehlukile kwezinye izinyoni ezinombala omnyama we-matte, ngaphandle kokugqama nokukhanya - lena inyoni encane, okumele nje ithole izimpaphe ezinhle ngemuva kokuncibilika.
Kepha mhlawumbe uzwile inkulumo ethi “Igwababa elimhlophe". Vele, ngezinga elikhulu, kwaba uhlobo lokuchazwa komuntu ongafani nabanye abantu. Kepha emvelweni kukhona ngempela amagwababa amhlophe... Lesi yisimo esiyingqayizivele semvelo esidinga ukunakwa ngokukhethekile. Izwi legwababa laziwa kahle kuwo wonke umuntu onomsindo omkhulu, kepha ngaphandle kwalokhu, le nyoni ingenza eminye imisindo, into efana ne- "kruh" ne- "tok".
Igwababa libhekwa njengenye yezinyoni ezihlakaniphe kakhulu; ososayensi abaningi bathi lezi zinyoni zinobuhlakani. Ukuqinisekisa leli qiniso, kwenziwa inani elikhulu lokuhlola lapho igwababa lembula amakhono alo engqondo ohlangothini olungalindelekile. Isibonelo, ukuphuza amanzi ngojeke, igwababa lajikijela izinto ezahlukahlukene (amatshe, amagatsha) kuwo ukuze izinga lamanzi likhuphuke futhi inyoni ikwazi ukuqeda ukoma kwayo. Njengoba lokhu kuhlolwa kukhombisile, igwababa liyayazi imithetho elula ye-physics ekhona emhlabeni wethu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi bathi igwababa liyakwazi ukusebenzisa ukushukuma komzimba. Lesi yisenzakalo esingajwayelekile kakhulu emhlabeni wezinyoni. Njengengane encane, igwababa lithatha into ngomlomo walo, ngaleyo ndlela lidonse ukunaka kwezinye izinyoni, bese lisebenzisa ulimi lwezandla oluthile.
Kukhona nolwazi lokuthi le nyoni eyingqayizivele inekhwalithi engavamile kakhulu - ukubekezela. Kwesinye isikhathi akuwona wonke umuntu ongaqhosha ngalesi sici, kepha lokhu kuvamile kumagwababa. Kwesinye isikhathi, esikhundleni sezenzo zokuxhamazela, igwababa lithanda ukulinda nokubekezela.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila kwegwababa
Igwababa lihlala ezindaweni ezinkulu: iYurophu, i-Asia, iNyakatho neMelika Ephakathi, iNyakatho Afrika. Indawo ehlala iRaven ezahlukahlukene impela, zitholakala emahlathini, ezintabeni ngisho nasezindaweni ezisemadolobheni.
Igwababa lingatholakala unyaka wonke, kepha kwezinye izindawo zokuhlala, noma kunjalo, ukufuduka kwalezi zinyoni kuye kwaqashelwa. Isibonelo, eCaucasus naseTurkmenistan esifundeni sezintaba, akuzona zonke izinyoni ezihlala ezindaweni zazo, eziningi zazo zizulazula.
Ebusika, zivame ukutholakala eduze nemizi yabantu, ngoba kunamathuba amaningi okuthola okuthile okudliwayo. Ukulahlwa komhlaba kubhekwa njengenye indawo ekhangayo yamagwababa; kusezindaweni lapho udoti uqoqelwa khona lapho inani elikhulu lalezi zinyoni liphawulwa khona.Abantu begwababa ayiningi, kwezinye izindawo iyinyoni engajwayelekile.
Igwababa lihlakaniphe kakhulu futhi lingagcinwa ekhaya, liyakwazi ukuqeqeshwa nokuthanjiswa. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, udinga ukuthi ubulungele ubunzima obungavela. Amagwababa yizinyoni ezithukuthele futhi ezinolaka, ziyaziphindisela futhi zinomona ngokweqile. Igwababa linamathela kumuntu oyedwa, futhi lokhu kuhlala impilo yakhe yonke.
Ezinganeni ezincane, amagwababa ayingozi enkulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugwema ukuxhumana kwabo ngasese. Igwababa lithanda ukucekela phansi yonke into, ngosizo loqhwaku olunamandla nezinzipho ezibukhali ezinqeni zalo, bayaphanga baphule izinto eziningi endlini. Isibonelo, bonakalisa imishini, badabule izindwangu, baklebhule iphepha lodonga ezindongeni. Igwababa linephunga elingathandeki, ngakho-ke, inhlanzeko nokuhlanzeka kwalo kufanele kuhlolwe ngokucophelela okukhulu.
Kepha kunezinzuzo zokugcina isilwane esinjalo, okokuqala akujwayelekile, okwesibili, igwababa liyinyoni ehlakaniphile kakhulu, okwesithathu, bangafundiswa ukukhuluma, okwesine, igwababa lizoba ngumngane wakho othembekile futhi, nakanjani, ngeke isimo esinzima.
Ukuzala kanye nempilo yamagwababa endle, amagwababa, ngeshwa, awanayo impilo ende, imvamisa cishe iminyaka eyi-15. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunezimo lapho amagwababa egazi ephila iminyaka engama-40, 50, nangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60.
Uma uhlinzeka ngezimo ezinhle nokudla, khona-ke inyoni ingaphila isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ezinganekwaneni nasemilingweni, amagwababa anikezwa iminyaka engu-300 yokuphila, kepha ososayensi abakaqophi amacala anjalo.
Amagwababa yizinyoni ezithembeke kakhulu, zinobaba oyedwa, okungukuthi, lapho zikhethe umlingani, zihlala naye impilo yazo yonke futhi azimshintshi. Ukuthomba nokuzimisela ukuzala kabusha inzalo egwababa kwenzeka eneminyaka emibili.
Kokubili owesilisa nowesifazane bahlanganyela ekwakheni izidleke. Njengomthetho, isidleke sitholakala phezulu ngaphezu komhlaba emagatsheni esihlahla esinamandla, esiqinile. Amagatsha, kwesinye isikhathi makhulu impela, abhekwa njengezinto ezisemqoka zokwakha. Uma kunesidingo, zibanjwa ndawonye nodaka noma ubumba.
Ukukhwelana kanye nezinyoni kwenzeka ngoFebhuwari, kepha ukubekwa kwamaqanda kuwela ngoMashi. Insikazi ivame ukubeka amaqanda ayi-4 kuye kwayi-6 ngesikhawu esifushane sosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Amaqanda anombala ongajwayelekile, ompunga ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka namachashazi ansundu. Hhayi insikazi kuphela, kodwa neduna lifukamela amaqanda izinsuku ezingama-20.
Imvamisa, lezi zinyoni zenza i-clutch eyodwa kuphela ngonyaka, kepha uma isidleke sibhujiswa ngemuva nje kokubeka amaqanda, kungenzeka ukuthi insikazi izobekela amaqanda okwesibili.
Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwamachwane, bobabili abantu bayondliwa, ngoba inzalo yabo inamandla kakhulu futhi idinga ukunakekelwa. Cishe emva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5, amaphuphu aqala ukushiya isidleke futhi akwazi ukuzimela ngokwengeziwe. Ekuqaleni, izinyoni ezincane zihlala eduze nabazali bazo, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zihlukaniswa ngokuqhubekayo. Ekuqaleni kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, sebevele baphila impilo ezimele.
Ukudla kwamagwababa
Igwababa liyinyoni engakhethi ngokukhethekile ngokudla, iyamangalisa. Imvamisa igwababa lenza njengokuhleleka, ngoba ingxenye enkulu yokudla kwalo akuyona nje into ebolile. Ngakho-ke, akuyona into engavamile ukubona amagwababa abo ezindaweni zokulahla udoti, eduze kwezindawo zokuhlabela, emigqonyeni kadoti.
Kodwa igwababa alinandaba nokuzingela. Ukudla kuqukethe amagundane amancane, amatshwele kanye namaqanda avela ezidlekeni ezonakele, izinhlanzi, amabhungane, ama-molluscs nezinambuzane ezincane ezahlukahlukene. Ukudla kwemifino nakho kukhona ekudleni, izinyoni ziyakujabulela ukudla izithelo namajikijolo ahlukahlukene, amantongomane.
Isithombe segwababa kwezamasiko
Igwababa - inyoni eyingqayizivele nengaphindaphindeki, engaqondakali futhi ehlakaniphe kakhulu. Kungakho abadali abaningi bezobuhle banikele ngemisebenzi yabo kule nyoni. Isithombe segwababa sivezwa kabanzi ezinganekwaneni, ezincwadini, emculweni, kwezamabhayisikobho ngisho nasemidlalweni. Ngithanda ukwethula ukunaka kwakho inganekwane ka-Ivan Andreevich Krylov, ebizwa ngokuthi "Igwababa".
"Igwababa"
I.A. UKrylov
Lapho ungafuni ukuhlekisa
Bamba isihloko owazalelwa kuso.
Umuntu ojwayelekile akahlobene nezicukuthwane:
Futhi uma uKarla wadalwa,
Ngemuva kwalokho ungafinyeleli kuma-giants
Futhi khumbula ubude bakho kaningi,
Ukunamathisela uphaphe lwepigogo emsileni,
Igwababa elinoPavami lahamba ngokuzidla -
Futhi ucabanga lokho kuye
Izihlobo nabangane bakhe bakudala
Wonke umuntu uzobukeka njengesimangaliso;
Ukuthi ungudadewabo kubo bonke uPavam
Futhi ukuthi isikhathi sakhe sesifikile
Yiba umhlobiso wenkantolo kaJuno.
Sasiyini isithelo sokuzikhukhumeza kwakhe?
Ukuthi uhlulwe nguPavami nxazonke,
Futhi lokho, ukugijima kubo, cishe kwesinye isikhathi,
Ingasaphathwa eyomuntu ongamazi
Kusele izimpaphe ezimbalwa kuye nakwakhe.
Wayesebuyele kokwakhe; kodwa labo nhlobo
Abazange bawabone amaGwababa akhishiwe,
Bakha igwababa ngokwanele,
Futhi imisebenzi yakhe yaphela kanjalo
Ukuthi wasala ngemuva kwamagwababa,
Kepha akazange anamathele kuPavam.
Ngizokuchazela le nsumansumane.
UMatrona, indodakazi yomthengisi, wacabanga ukuthi wawa,
Ukufaka umndeni ohloniphekile.
Ikhazi lakhe liyisiqingatha sesigidi.
Banikeze u-barry.
Kwenzenjani? Izihlobo ezintsha zihlaba amehlo akhe
Ngokuphikisana nokuthi wazalwa engunxiwankulu.
Nomdala ngoba uzihudulele kwesicukuthwane:
Futhi uMatrona wami waba
Akekho uPava noma iCrow.
