Ichibi lesiziba - ummeleli ojwayelekile womndeni wamaxoxo wangempela. Ukuhlangana naye, izakhamuzi zamanye amadolobha zidinga nje ukushiya idolobha ziye kunoma iyiphi indawo yamanzi. Le amphibian ingahlukaniswa kalula ngumugqa wesici ngasekhanda nasemgogodleni. Isele echibini yizinhlobo ezisakazeke kakhulu kuleli qembu. Ngokuvamile bahlala lapho izinga lokushisa kwamanzi lifinyelela okungenani ama-15 degrees Celsius. Ake sikhulume kabanzi ngalolu hlobo lwexoxo.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Lake frog
Ukukhulunywa okokuqala ngesele lesiziba kwavela ngo-1771. Igama lesiLatini elithi Pelophylax ridibundus lanikezwa lolu hlobo ngaleso sikhathi ngusosayensi wase-Jalimane uPallas Peter Simon. Le ndoda yathola izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha zezigaba ezahlukahlukene zezilwane. Ngokumhlonipha, abanye abameleli bezilwane babizwa ngamagama.
Isele echibini yilona hlobo olukhulu kakhulu lwama-amphibian eRussia. Ngokuvamile zingatholakala emithonjeni yemvelaphi ye-anthropogenic. Ngokusho kwedatha esemthethweni, lolu hlobo lwexoxo lwavela ensimini yezwe lethu ngo-1910 futhi lachazwa ngephutha njengesele elikhulu - uRana florinskii.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Lake frog
Ichibi lesiziba ngesakhiwo sayo inamathambo ahlukanisiwe, ugebhezi olweqanda kanye nesifonyo esikhombe. Ukuvela kwexoxo lexhaphozi akuhlukile kakhulu kwabanye abamele lo mndeni. Uma ubhekisisa, uzobona ukuthi ingxenye engezansi yomzimba, ependwe ngombala ompunga noma ophuzi kancane, nayo inamabala amaningi amnyama. Ngaphezulu, umzimba wexoxo unombala ofana nesisu sawo. Amehlo abantu ikakhulukazi ayigolide ngombala.
Phakathi kwezici zalesi silwane, umuntu angabona inqwaba ehlaba umxhwele, kwesinye isikhathi efinyelela kuma-700 g. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amaxoxo, le nombolo ikwenza kucace ukuthi ixoxo le-marsh alilona labameleli abalula kakhulu emndenini walo.
Ihlala kuphi iselesele?
Isithombe: Lake frog
Isele echibini lisabalele ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba. Okwamanje, ngaphezu kweRussia, ingatholakala kwezinye izingxenye zaseYurophu, e-Asia, naseNyakatho Afrika.
Phakathi kwezindawo ezinabantu abaningi eYurophu kuvame ukuhlukaniswa:
- ECrimea;
- Kazakhstan;
- ICaucasus.
E-Asia, amaxoxo asezimfundeni ayevame kakhulu ngaseKamchatka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iziphethu eziphuma ngaphansi komhlaba zivame ukutholakala kule nhlonhlo. Izinga lokushisa kuzo lifinyelela cishe kuma-20 degrees Celsius, futhi lokhu, njengoba wazi, kuyisici esihle kakhulu empilweni yalolu hlobo.
Ensimini yezwe lethu, ixoxo lesiziba lingatholakala ngamathuba aphezulu kakhulu uma uhlala eTomsk noma eNovosibirsk. Emifuleni efana noTom no-Ob, baphakathi kwezakhamizi ezinkulu.
Lidlani ixoxo lesiziba?
Isithombe: Lake frog
Ukudla kwalolu hlobo akufani nganoma iyiphi indlela nomndeni wonkana. Njengokudla kwabo, amaxoxo echibi akhetha izibungu zojekamanzi, amabhungane amanzi, nama-molluscs. Uma lokhu kudla okungenhla kuyashoda noma kungekho, bangadla unoshobishobi bohlobo lwabo noma ukuthosa izinhlanzi ezithile zomfula.
Esiqeshini esilandelayo, sizokhuluma ngobukhulu be-amphibian okukhulunywa ngayo, okungenye yezimpawu ezivelele kwezinye izinhlobo zomndeni. Ngenxa yazo, ixoxo lexhaphozi kwesinye isikhathi lingahlasela izilwane ezincelisayo ezinjenge-vole noma shrew, izinyoni ezincane, amaphuphu nezinyoka ezincane.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Lake frog
Ichibi lesiziba Umndeni wamaxoxo weqiniso yizinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zasemanzini e-Eurasia. Ngokwemvelo ungathola abantu, ubukhulu babo obufinyelela ubude obungaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-17. Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi kulezi zinhlobo, abesifazane bavame ukuba bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa.
Njengawo wonke amaxoxo, amaxoxo echibi ahlala ikakhulu osebeni lwemizimba yamanzi. Ngenxa yombala wayo, ingabonakala kalula kuzo zonke izimo zezulu. Umugqa wayo oyisici ngemuva, ovame ukuba luhlaza okotshani, usiza ukuzifihla ngeziqu zezitshalo zasemanzini.
Impilo, amaxoxo echibi akhetha amadamu anobunzulu obuncane bamasentimitha angama-20. Esikhathini esiningi, lolu hlobo lungatholakala emizimbeni yamanzi evaliwe - amachibi, amachibi, imisele, njalonjalo.
Ixoxo lesiziba liyasebenza ukufunda ubusuku nemini, ngakho-ke, uma libona ingozi, lisabela ngokushesha futhi licashe emanzini. Uhlala osebeni ntambama, njengoba ngalesi sikhathi ehlanganyela ekuzingeleni. Ebusika, ixoxo lamanzi lingahlala lisebenza uma izinga lokushisa kwamanzi lingashintshi kangako.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Lake frog
Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwexoxo lesiziba, ngokungafani nezinye izilwane eziphila emanzini nasemanzini, akuphelezelwa ukufuduka. Njengoba eyi-thermophilic, abesilisa babonisa ukulungela kwabo kokuqala ukukhwelana lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi lifinyelela kusuka ku- +13 kuye ku- +18 degrees. Kuqala ukucula, okudalwa ukunwetshwa kwezingonsi zomlomo. Ukunikezwa komsindo okungeziwe kunikezwa ngamabhola akhethekile angenalutho - ama-resonator, afutheka lapho eshaya.
Amaxoxo abuthana ngamaqembu, futhi abesilisa abakhethisi kakhulu, ngakho-ke bangabamba owesifazane oyedwa eqenjini noma bamdidise ngento engaphili.
Ukuzalela kuzokwenzeka kuphela endaweni efudumele futhi evikelekile ngokwanele. Ixoxo elilodwa lingabeka amaqanda angaba yizinkulungwane eziyi-12. Isikhathi sonke sokuzala sithatha inyanga.
Ondabamlonyeni abaningi basabalale kulo lonke idamu, bedla ulwelwe futhi balinde ithuba labo lokuthomba, okwenzeka unyaka noma ngaphezulu ngemuva kokuguquguquka kwabo.
Izitha zemvelo zexoxo lesiziba
Isithombe: Lake frog
Ngaphandle kokuthi ixoxo lemanzi likhulu, livame ukuwela kwezinye izilwane. Phakathi kwezitha ezimbi kakhulu zalesi silwane, kuyisiko ukukhipha inyoka ejwayelekile, ngoba ziyisisekelo sazo sokudla.
Ixoxo lesiziba liphinde libe yisisulu sezinyoni ezidla ezinye izilwane nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo. Isibonelo, kungaba izimpungushe, ama-otter noma izimpungushe. Unogolantethe noma umkhonyane akasona isitha esiyingozi kangako kwixoxo lesiziba. Kaningi ungabona isithombe sokuthi bazidla kanjani ngokuzithandela, bazibambe echibini. Izinhlanzi ezinkulu nazo zidla amaxoxo. Lezi zinhlanzi zihlanganisa i-catfish, i-pike ne-walleye.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Lake frog
Ixoxo lemaxhaphozi linabantu abaningi ngokwedlulele futhi lihlala emahlathini asemahlathini, amahlathi axubekile futhi ahlabayo, amathafa, izingwadule kanye nogwadule oluncane, kukhethwa amanzi amile noma agelezayo, imifudlana, imifula namachibi kulezi zindawo zemvelo. Ngeshwa, kwezinye izindawo, lawa ma-amphibian athandwa kakhulu. Usongo ngumuntu othatha abantu ukuze bayofunda, bavivinye noma basebenzise kwezokwelapha.
Iziziba zeLake frog zisebenza njengokudla kwezakhamizi eziningi zaleli chibi. Ngasikhathi sinye, abesilisa nabesifazane abadala badla izinhlanzi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ichthyofauna yemizimba yamanzi. Futhi, abamele lolu hlobo bathanda izibankwa, izinyoni, izinyoka ngisho nezilwane ezincelisayo njengokudla. Ngakho-ke, ixoxo lesiziba lidlala indima ebalulekile ochungechungeni lokudla.
Sengiphetha, ngithanda ukusho ukuthi ixoxo lesiziba, yize lingenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu zomndeni wamaxoxo wangempela, lisadinga ukuvikelwa. Lokhu yikho kanye okuchaza umbala wawo, ovame ukusebenza njengesifihla esihle salolu hlobo. Yize ixoxo lexhaphozi liyinhlobo ejwayelekile, livame ukubanjwa lisetshenziswe kwezemfundo, kwezokwelapha nakwezesayensi.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 03/21/2020
Usuku lokuvuselela: 21.03.2020 ngo-21: 31
