Ihhashi lase-Arabia kubhekwe njengelinye lamahhashi amahle kakhulu. Ukuhlungwa okuphelele kwalolu hlobo kuzingelwa ngabathandi abaningi bamahhashi nabaqoqi. Lolu hlobo luhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningi ezengeziwe: Siglavi, Coheilan, Hadban, Coheilan-Siglavi. Namuhla, amahhashi ase-Arabia akhuliswa emazweni ahlukahlukene omhlaba. Kukhona iWorld Organisation of Arab Horse Breeding, ehlanganisa amazwe angaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu omhlaba.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Ihhashi lase-Arabia
Lolu hlobo lwakhiwa ngesikhathi sezimpi zama-Arabhu namaBedouin. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-Arabhu asebenzisa amahhashi ngokulwa ezimpini. Njengomphumela wokuba khona kwesimo sezulu esomile sogwadule kanye nendlela ethile yokuphila kanye nokudla, kwakheka uhlobo olwahlukaniswa yisimo salo esincane kanye nomthethosisekelo ovuthiwe. Futhi, lolu hlobo lubhekwa luqinile kakhulu futhi luyakwazi ukwenza isivinini esikhulu ngenkathi ligijima ngokugijima.
Isikhathi eside kakhulu, amahhashi ase-Arabia abhekwa njengempahla eyinhloko futhi cishe eyinhloko yabantu bendawo. Umthetho osebenza ngaphakathi kwawo wawungavunyelwe ukuthengisa amahhashi endaweni yezinye izifundazwe, kanye nokuweqa nabamele ezinye izinhlobo. Ngokwephula lo mthetho, isigwebo sentambo sasongelwa.
Ividiyo: Ihhashi lase-Arabia
Ngokwamarekhodi asemlandweni, abamele bokuqala balolu hlobo bavela esikhathini seMpi Yenkolo. Behluke kubo bonke abanye ngobuhle babo obungavamile nangendatshana. Ngenxa yobuhle babo, abantu abaningi babasebenzisile ukuthuthukisa ezinye izinhlobo zamahhashi. Yilesi sizalo esinikele kakhulu ekuzalelweni kwamahhashi emhlabeni. Ngokuhlanganyela kwakhe, izinhlobo eziningi zamahhashi zakhiwa, kamuva ezaba yizicukuthwane futhi zabiza kakhulu.
Lezi zinhlobo zifaka:
- uhlobo lweBarbary lwakhiwa eMorocco;
- ihhashi eliphelele e-UK;
- U-Andalusian odabuka eSpain;
- I-Lipizzan yase-Austria, njll.
Ihhashi lase-Arabia libhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo zasendulo kakhulu. Kukhona inguqulo yokuthi umsunguli wohlobo lwamahhashi lwase-Arabia kwakuyihhashi le-Peninsula yase-Arabia, eyahlukaniswa nokukhuthazela nokuqina kwayo. Ukushiwo kokuqala kwabamele lolu hlobo kutholakala ngesimo semidwebo yamatshe. Ngokusobala zibuyele emuva enkulungwaneni yesibili BC. Eziningi zalezi zinhlobo zamahhashi zitholakala kubuciko bendabuko baseGibhithe lasendulo esikhathini esiyi-13-16 century BC.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Libukeka kanjani ihhashi lase-Arabia
Amahhashi alo mbukiso othile anobuhle obumangalisayo. Zifundwa njengezinga lobuhle nomusa. Ezweni labo lomlando, kwakukhona inkolelo yokuthi badalwa ngumoya. Amahhashi ase-Arabia ayaziwa ngesiqu sawo esifushane nohlobo lomzimba olugqinsi. Kubantu abathile balolu hlobo, kuvezwa ukufiphala kocansi. Abesilisa bakhudlwana futhi banesisindo esikhulu somzimba kunabesifazane.
Izici eziyinhloko zohlobo:
- ukukhula ekubuneni kwabesilisa kungamasentimitha angu-150-160, kwabesifazane - 140-150;
- isisindo somzimba singama-450 - 650 kilograms, kuya ngobulili nobudala;
- izitho ezinde ezinde;
- umugqa wentamo omude, onomusa futhi onomusa kakhulu, ovame ukubizwa nge- "swan";
- inhlonipho, ukuma kwekhanda okuncane.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umsila walawa mahhashi uhlale uphakanyiselwa phezulu kancane, futhi ngesikhathi sokugijima umi ume mpo futhi uphephezela kahle kakhulu emoyeni. Ekhanda elincane, amehlo azwakalayo, amakhulu ahlukaniswe ngokucacile. Kubizwa umugqa wezihlathi. Ukuma kwekhanda kunomusa kakhulu, ibunzi liyisikwele. Izindlebe zincane, ziqondiswe phezulu, zihamba kakhulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Uma ibhekwa kuphrofayili, isifunda se-concave sebhuloho lasekhaleni sibonakala kahle. Leli fomu livamile kuphela kumahhashi ase-Arabia.
Umbala wamahhashi wase-Arabia wethulwe ngezinhlobonhlobo ezintathu: umhlophe, itheku nomnyama. Kumathole amancane, umbala uhlala ulula. Njengoba zikhula, umbala uba mnyama, kumnyama, imibala egcwale kakhulu iyavela. Umhlwenga wesilwane mude, uthambile futhi ujabulisa kakhulu ukuthintwa.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Esinye isici esihlukile yisakhiwo esithile samathambo. Zinezimbambo eziyi-17 kuphela, i-5 lumbar kanye ne-16 caudal vertebrae. Abamele ezinye izinhlobo banezimbambo eziyi-18, i-6 lumbar ne-18 caudal vertebrae.
Amahhashi anobukhulu obumaphakathi anomhlane nesifuba esibanzi esinebhande lehlombe elicijile, elithuthuke kahle. Manje uyazi ukuthi ihhashi lase-Arabia libukeka kanjani. Ake sibone ukuthi lidlani lelihhashi.
Lihlala kuphi ihhashi lase-Arabia?
Isithombe: Ihhashi Elimnyama Lase-Arabia
Amahhashi ase-Arabia enzelwe ukuhlala ekhaya, noma emapulazini akhethekile nasezimbonini. Abazithandi izimo zokuvalelwa. Ukuze bahlale ngokunethezeka, igumbi elibanzi nelomile lanele kubo, abangahamba ngalo ngokukhululeka. Ukuphela kwento okufanele uyinake ukungabikho komswakama. Azikubekezeleli ukuswakama kabi kakhulu, ngoba kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.
Izitebele noma amadokodo kudinga ukuhlanzwa nsuku zonke. Okufanelekile, kufanele kwenziwe noma izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Amahhashi kufanele ahanjiswe okungenani kabili ngosuku. Amahhashi ase-Arabia angahamba kunoma iyiphi indawo, ngaphandle kwezindawo lapho kunodaka oluningi khona. Uma lina, kunomswakama futhi kushibilika ngaphandle, kufanele uyeke ukuhamba esimweni sezulu esinjalo.
Kusebenza kahle uma izitebele zezilwane zizobekwa endaweni ekude nemigwaqo emikhulu ematasa, izindawo zokuhlala, namanzi amakhulu. Lokhu kuzosindisa amahhashi emsindweni nasodakeni olungenasidingo futhi kunikeze nomoya omusha wemvelo. Lapho uhlomisa ngesitebele, kunconywa ukuthi unake ngokukhethekile ukufakwa kwomswakama.
Phansi kumele kube namandla, kufudumale futhi kome. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izinto zokwakha ezisezingeni eliphakeme nezemvelo. I-sawdust, utshani noma ukushefa kwezinkuni kungasetshenziswa njengokulala. Lokhu kulaliswa kuzogcina amahhashi anethezekile futhi aphephe izinselo. Izitebele ezinamatafula akufanele zibe banzi kuphela, kodwa futhi zikhanyise. Uma kunesidingo, ungafaka ngokungeziwe ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo.
Izitebele kufanele zibe neziphakeli ezilula nezinkomishi ezimnandi. Kufanele babe banzi futhi babekwe ngendlela yokuthi amahhashi akhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka ukuthatha ukudla neziphuzo. Iziphakeli zibekwa kahle ngamasentimitha angama-90-100 ngaphezulu kwephansi. Ezitebeleni, kubalulekile ukuhlomisa amakamelo okusiza ukugcina imishini nokuwasha amahhashi. Ipeni kufanele libekwe endaweni eseduze. Indawo yayo ibalwa ngokwesilinganiso samamitha-skwele angama-20-25 ngehhashi ngalinye.
Lidlani ihhashi lase-Arabia?
Isithombe: Uhlobo lwamahhashi lwase-Arabia
Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi izwe lakubo lamahhashi ase-Arabia libonakala ngesimo sezulu esishisayo nesomile kanye nohlaza oluncane, abazithobile futhi abakhethi ekukhetheni kwabo ukudla. Ezikhathini zasendulo, abafuyi bamahhashi ase-Arabia basebenzisa amadlelo njengomthombo wabo wokudla oyinhloko, okwakungeyona eyeqophelo elihle ngaso sonke isikhathi. Banikwa notshani nokusanhlamvu, kanye nobisi lwekamela. Imvamisa yayisebenza njengomthombo woketshezi futhi ibekwe esikhundleni sesiphuzo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Amahhashi ase-Arabia yiwona kuphela amahhashi emhlabeni anomzimba ofaka amafutha ezilwane.
Ukutholakala kokudla kwamahhashi anamuhla kucebe kaningi futhi kuhluka kakhulu. Isisekelo sokudla yi-hay esezingeni eliphezulu notshani. Futhi, ekudleni kufaka okusanhlamvu, imifino, izithasiselo zamavithamini. Amahhashi aqashwa njengabasebenzi kufanele afake okungenani ama-oats ama-6.5 kg ekudleni kwawo nsuku zonke, kanye nemifino emisha namaqanda ezigwaca.
Imenyu yehhashi lase-Arabia yosuku imi kanjena:
- 4.5-5.5 kilograms wama-oats akhethiwe, asezingeni eliphakeme;
- 5-0.7 kilogram yekhwalithi ephezulu, utshani obukhethiwe;
- 4-5 amakhilogremu e-alfalfa hay;
- cishe ama-1.5 kilogram we-bran;
- kuze kufike kukhilogremu yembewu yefilakisi ebilisiwe;
- izithelo zemifino.
Izilwane ziphile saka. Ukuyigcina nokuyigcina, kunconywa ukuthi ufake izithako zansuku zonke zamavithamini namaminerali ekudleni. Kunconywa ukuthi usabalalise isabelo sansuku zonke ngendlela yokuthi inani elikhulu lokudla liza kusihlwa. Kungcono ukuyisa izilwane endaweni yokuchelela ekuseni.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Ihhashi lase-Arabia
Abamele lolu hlobo banengqondo ethuthuke kakhulu. Futhi badumile emhlabeni wonke ngesimo sabo sokuziqhenya nokuziphatha okuqinile. Izazi zezilwane zixwayisa ngokuthi la mahhashi ayathinta kakhulu. Babakhumbula kahle kakhulu labo ababephula umthetho impilo yabo yonke.
Lawa mahhashi anconyelwa abagibeli abanolwazi noma labo abanolwazi olwanele ngamahhashi. Bazolalela kuphela abagibeli abazethembayo abazokwazi ukuthola indlela yokusondela kubo. Kodwa-ke, kanye nakho konke ubunzima besimilo, izilwane zihlukaniswa ngokwethembeka okunomona nobungane kumnikazi wazo.
Amahhashi ase-Arabia ahlukaniswa nokuzwela kwawo nokubona okucashile kakhulu kwezwe elibazungezile. Ngokwemvelo yabo, bathambekele ekuboniseni ukuhlonipha nokuziphatha okubhekiswe kubantu nasezilwaneni ezahlukahlukene. Kanye nenkani nokuziqhenya, amahhashi ahlukaniswa yisifiso sawo sokuveza imizwa emihle, injabulo nokwaziswa okuvela kumnikazi wawo.
Amahhashi ase-Arabia anamandla amakhulu. Naphezu kobude obufushane, bayakwazi ukuhamba ibanga elide kakhulu futhi bahlanganise amabanga amade nomgibeli. Lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo ziyakwazi ukugijima ngesivinini esifinyelela ku-60 km / h.
Izici zesici salezi zilwane zibhekwa njengokufutheka okusheshayo, imizwa eyeqile nokuqina. Ngasikhathi sinye, banempilo kakhulu, bathanda ukwazi futhi bayazijabulisa. Ngokushesha banamathela kubo bobabili umnikazi nendlu yonke. Bahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi ngokushesha bakwazi ukuqonda okulindeleke kubo. Noma kunjalo, cishe akunakwenzeka ukubaphoqa ukuba benze noma yini.
Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi indawo yakhona yehhashi ibhekwa njengamazwe anesimo sezulu esomile nesishisayo, iyazwela kakhulu ekuguqulweni kwezimo zezulu. Phakathi kwamahhashi, abonwa njengabantu abaneminyaka eyikhulu - baphila ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka engama-28-30.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Ihhashi lase-Arabia eRussia
Amahhashi ase-Arabia akhuliswa emazweni ahlukahlukene omhlaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusetshenziswa kuphela abamele abangaphandle bohlobo. Abesifazane bahlala behlukaniswa nomhlambi futhi bagcinwa ezimeni ezihlukile. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okulinganiselayo okunothile ngemifino enamanzi amasha, izithelo, kanye namavithamini namaminerali. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, amahhashi adinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile ukulungisa izinwele, imilenze nezinselo zawo.
Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sithatha cishe izinyanga eziyi-11. Ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, kungakuhle ukuthi ama-mares alandele indlela ethile yokudla. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho ukudla kufanele kuqukathe inani elanele le-phosphorus, calcium, amaprotheni kanye namavithamini. I-trimester yokugcina, ngakolunye uhlangothi, idinga ukudla okunomsoco nokuningi.
Eduze kokubeletha, insikazi iqala ukufuna indawo eyimfihlo. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ihora lokuzalwa kwengane selisondele. Ukubeletha kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ngokuvamile, ziqhubeka ngokujwayelekile, ngaphandle kwezifo nezinkinga futhi azidingi ukungenelela komuntu. Emahoreni ambalwa okuqala ngemuva kokubeletha, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ungaphazamisi imazi nembuzi yakhe. Ngemuva kwamahora angu-3.5-4, ungaphazamisa lonke ihhashi kanye nenzalo yalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle.
Izitha zemvelo zehhashi lase-Arabia
Isithombe: Libukeka kanjani ihhashi lase-Arabia
Ngenxa yokuthi amahhashi akhona ezimweni zokugcinwa ezitebeleni, noma emapulazini, awanazo izitha zemvelo. Bona, njenganoma yiziphi izilwane, bathambekele ezifweni ezithile, yize benempilo enhle. Ngaphambi kokuqala amahhashi ama-Arabhu, udinga ukutadisha izimo zokuboshwa kwabo.
Amahhashi ngokwemvelo anikezwe ukuzivikela okuqinile. Ngenxa yokondliwa okungafanele, bangagula. Ukuvikela nokuvikela izifo, amahhashi kumele akhonjiswe kudokotela wezilwane okungenani kabili ngonyaka.
Izifo ezivame kakhulu zamahhashi ase-Arabia yizikhwama zesisu. Banesistimu yokugaya ukudla ebucayi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukunaka ngokukhethekile ikhwalithi, ubuningi nendlela yokuphaka ukudla.
Kuyadingeka ukondla amahhashi imifino emisha kuphela, hlanganisa okuphakelayo okulungiselelwe kweminye imikhiqizo ngamanani amancane nendala. Kuyadingeka ukwandisa ivolumu yokudla kancane kancane. Futhi, ukuguquka kusuka ekudleni okuncane kuye kokukhulu kufanele kwenziwe kancane kancane.
I-Laminitis nayo iyinsakavukela - kungukulimala kwesitho ngaphansi kwenselo. Kubonakala ngokuhamba okuncibilikisayo, ukwenqaba ukunyakaza kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokudla.Ukuvimbela izifo ezithathelwanayo ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubulembu, amarabi, i-anthrax, ukugoma okufika ngesikhathi.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ihhashi lase-Arabia
Namuhla, inani labantu behhashi lase-Arabia alisongelwa. Ikhiqizwa ngempumelelo ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba. Ngenxa yokuthi abamele lolu hlobo abangafuni ukudla okunomsoco nemibandela yokuboshwa, bazalwa cishe yonke indawo.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, endaweni yaseRussia, kwakukhona amapulazi angamahhashi angaba yikhulu, ayebandakanyeka ekuzaleni amahhashi angama-Arab angenawo amandla. Kwezinye, zawela nabamele ezinye izinhlobo, ngenxa yalokho kwavela izinhlobo ezintsha, ezinhle kakhulu, ezinhle.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, iphrojekthi ye-Factory Book yamahhashi ase-Arabia yakhiwa. Le ncwadi yayihloselwe ukuhlinzeka ngezibalo ngokwakhiwa kohlobo kanye nemiphumela yokuluxuba nezinye izinhlobo. Nokho, kwagqashuka impi yezwe yokuqala, kwalandela impi yombango. Le micimbi yomlando idale umonakalo omkhulu ekuzalelweni kwamahhashi angenawo amandla omzimba.
Ngo-1921 uTersky wasungula izitebele ezintsha kanye nepulazi lezitebele lamahhashi ase-Arabia. Ensimini yalesi sitshalo, abamele abamsulwa balolu hlobo balethwa bevela emazweni ahlukahlukene omhlaba: iFrance, iSpain, iGibhithe, iNgilandi.
Ihhashi lase-Arabia Ingabe ingenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezimangalisayo emhlabeni. Labo abanenhlanhla yokubabona bephila okungenani kanye ezimpilweni zabo basindwa yimizwelo nokubabaza. Amahhashi ahlanzekile alolu hlobo, anezizukulwane, angabiza ngaphezu kuka- $ 1 million, ngakho-ke akubona bonke abantu abakwazi ukuba nelinye. Ukuzalela izilwane ezinjalo kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngochwepheshe abanolwazi abanolwazi nolwazi oludingekayo.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 12/04/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 07.09.2019 ngo-19: 34
