Ijuba lomqhele Iyinyoni enkulu, enhle eheha ukunaka ngezimpaphe zayo. Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu nokubukeka kwawo, kunzima ukuwanikeza amajuba ajwayelekile. Lezi yizinyoni ezinobungane ezingagcinwa ngisho nasekhaya.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Ijuba lomqhele
Ijuba elithweswe umqhele liyizinhlobo zezinyoni nezinhlobo ezithile ezivela emndenini wamajuba. La majuba atholakala ngo-1819 futhi ngokushesha adala impikiswano enkulu. Iqiniso ngukuthi isikhathi eside bebengakhonjwa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lohlobo oluthile ngenxa ye-phylogenetics ehlukile, ngakho-ke, kuze kube namuhla, basesimweni sohlobo olusha lwamajuba athweswe umqhele.
Kwakukhona uhlobo lokuthi uhlobo lwamajuba athweswe umqhele, kanye nejuba elinamazinyo nelinamazinyo, liyigatsha elilodwa, izihlobo eziseduze zazo okuyizinyoni zedodo ezingasekho. Kepha ngenxa yesakhiwo esingajwayelekile se-DNA, amajuba athweswe umqhele asesimweni "sokungaqiniseki".
Ividiyo: Ijuba lomqhele
Inkinga futhi ilele ekutheni isikhathi eside ijuba elithweswe umqhele lalithathwa njengezinhlobo zamajuba ezizalwe ngokungeyikho. Kodwa-ke, lo mbono awukaqinisekiswa, yize ijuba linezinto ezithile zangaphandle ezibonisa ukuzala.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Inyoni yedodo iyisihlobo esiseduze kunawo wonke amajuba, kubandakanya nalezo ezimpunga zasedolobheni.
Njengohlobo, ijuba elithweswe umqhele liqukethe izinhlobo ezintathu, ngaphandle cishe lingahlukani:
- ijuba elithwele abalandeli
- ijuba elithweswe umqhele we-chestnut;
- ijuba elithweswe umqhele.
Ukukhethwa kwalezi zinhlobo kusekelwe kuphela kokwehluka okungabaluleki morphological. Umbandela wezinhlobo eziyinhloko uyindawo yokuhlala kwamajuba. Kubuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ziyakwazi ukuzalana zodwa, futhi inzalo yazo nayo ivundile. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukwehluka kwabantu ngejuba elithweswe umqhele.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani ijuba elithweswe umqhele
Amajuba anomqhele yizinyoni ezinkulu ezifika ku-80 cm ubude (lokhu kucishe kube ngosayizi we-turkey). Isisindo sowesilisa cishe siyi-2.5 kg, kepha ekhaya izinyoni zidla kuze kufike ku-3 kg. Abesifazane bancane kancane kunabesilisa, kepha kulapho ukuphela kwezimo zezinyoni ngokobulili, njengabamele abaningi bomndeni wamajuba.
Ijuba elithweswe umqhele lingabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi ipigogo phakathi kwamajuba. Into yokuqala eheha iso lakho ngumqhele wakhe wezimpaphe ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo ekhanda lakhe, yingakho wathola igama lakhe. Lezi zimpaphe zakha umqolo oqondile. Uphaphe ngalunye olucekeceke luthweswe umucu ontshakaza omncane onamabala amhlophe.
Ijuba linombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka o-azure, kwesinye isikhathi luyehluka kuye kwempunga. Inekhanda elincane, uqhwaku olude, olukhombe ekugcineni. Ukusuka esweni kuye emiseleni yamakhala kukhona indawo emnyama ehlanganisiwe. Iso libomvu ngokugqamile.
Ijuba linamabala amnyama onsomi esifubeni nangaphansi kwamaphiko. Ziyabonakala kahle lapho izinyoni zindiza emoyeni. Isisu sinombala omnyama ukwedlula wonke umzimba, okungajwayelekile ezinyonini. Ngenhloso yokufihla, izinyoni zivame ukuba nezimpaphe ezilula esiswini zazo ukuzifihla ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye lapho zindiza.
Umsila wejuba mude futhi ubanzi. Ekupheleni komsila kukhona umucu okhanyayo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhanyayo, njengokungathi umngcele. Amabala wokukhanya afanayo ayabonakala nasemaphikweni ejuba elinomqhele lapho indiza.
Manje uyazi ukuthi ijuba elithweswe umqhele libukeka kanjani. Ake sibone ukuthi uhlala kuphi.
Ihlala kuphi ijuba elithweswe umqhele?
Isithombe: Ijuba lomqhele eNew Guinea
Onke amajuba athweswe umqhele agcwele eNew Guinea, okungukuthi, ayingxenye ebalulekile yezilwane zale ndawo, ahlala futhi ezalela lapho kuphela.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lwazo, amajuba athweswe umqhele ahlala ezindaweni ezahlukene.:
- ijuba elithweswe umqhele lihlala eNew Guinea;
- Ijuba elithwele umqhele lithwala futhi endaweni yaseNew Guinea, kepha kuyaqabukela kuya esiqhingini esikhulu. Indawo ehlala kuyo ngokuyinhloko iziqhingi zaseBiak naseYapen;
- eningizimu yeNew Guinea kuhlala ijuba elithweswe umqhele we-chestnut.
Kuyivelakancane kakhulu ukuthi lamajuba atholakale kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo.:
- Inhlonhlo yaseVogelkop;
- iziqhingi iMisso;
- Isiqhingi saseSalavati;
- Isiqhingi saseSelam;
- IBatanta;
- Isiqhingi saseWaiego.
Amajuba anomqhele yizinyoni ezihlala phansi. Bakhetha amahlathi aminyene, amaxhaphozi nezindawo ezinamanzi amaningi njengezindawo zokuhlala. Amajuba awathandi ukukhuphukela ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, ngakho amagquma lapho ahlala khona afinyelela ubude obungu-600 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Amajuba athweswe imiqhele ahlonishwa ngabantu bendawo njengezinyoni zonkulunkulu ezithunyelwe ukuvikela abantu empini. Kwakungekho zimpi lapho.
Ngenxa yokuthi abantu bendawo babephatha amajuba athweswe umqhele ngenhlonipho nangokuthula, izinyoni zathola umlingiswa ongenamahloni ngokuphelele. Bahlala ngokuzithandela eduze nezindawo zokuhlala zabantu, bondla eduze kwamadlelo nomhlaba wezolimo.
Amajuba athweswe imiqhele nawo afuyelwa ekhaya, kepha le nyoni ifuna izimo zokuphila. Isibonelo, njenge-aviary, udinga ukusebenzisa ikheji elikhulu kakhulu elifudumele, okuzoba inkinga ukubeka efulethini.
Idlani ijuba elithweswe umqhele?
Isithombe: Ijuba elithwele abalandeli elithwele abalandeli
Endle, amajuba athweswe umqhele ayizinyoni ezidla kakhulu. Badla amajikijolo, izithelo, utshani obusha obufushane, bamba izimpande nezithelo. Zondla ngokukhethekile ngomhlaba, obuye unqume indlela ekhethekile yokuphila kwalezi zinyoni. Kwesinye isikhathi amajuba angadla izinambuzane zomhlaba, izibungu noma izibungu, kepha izinyoni azizingeli ngenhloso.
Ama-zoo aqukethe namajuba athweswe imiqhele. Kwezempilo, izinyoni zimondla ngopopo, ocebile ngezinto eziwusizo. Ukudla okukhethekile kwezinyoni zepharadesi nakho kuyasetshenziswa - ngokumangazayo kwamukelwa kahle ngamajuba athweswe umqhele. Izinhlamvu ezihlumekile nezibungu ze-mealworm kubhekwa njengokudla okunempilo kakhulu.
Ukondleka kwamajuba athweswe umqhele agcinwa ekhaya kumele kusondele ngokungathi sína kakhulu. Izinyoni ziyazwela futhi zikhathazekile, ngakho-ke udinga ukuzondla ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ucabangela imikhuba yokudla endle.
Ukudla kwamajuba asekhaya kufanele kufaka phakathi:
- Izingxube zezinhlamvu - i-rye, amabele, imbewu ye-sunflower, ilayisi, ummbila, amantongomane, ubhontshisi, uphizi, ubhontshisi ofakwe emanzini.
- iminenke yegobolondo ukugcwalisa ukusweleka kwe-calcium;
- izibungu zokudla;
- imfanzi encane eluhlaza;
- amakhilikithi omisiwe;
- amagobolondo amaqanda enkukhu achotshoziwe kanye namaprotheni abilisiwe;
- i-cottage shizi engenamafutha engenawo amafutha;
- izingcezu ezincane zenyama yenkukhu ebilisiwe;
- izaqathe ezigayiwe kahle;
- amakhambi amasha;
- isinkwa esimhlophe esifakwe ubisi.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Ijuba lomqhele
Amajuba athweswe umqhele ayashona, futhi achitha usuku lonke efuna ukudla. Zihlala ngamaqembu wabantu abayi-6-10, noma kwesinye isikhathi kuba khona imihlambi yezinyoni ezingafika kuma-20. Wonke umuntu osephaketheni usebudlelwaneni; kwesinye isikhathi umhlambi ungafaka amajuba ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.
Abukho ubukhosi esigabeni semihlambi yamajuba athweswe umqhele. Kunabantu abadala abakha ngababili besikhathi eside futhi bahlala ngokuhlukana okuncane, kuyilapho amajuba ahlala yedwa nezilwane ezincane zihamba ngamaqembu amakhulu. Kusihlwa, izinyoni zikhuphukela emagatsheni ezihlahla ngaphezulu ukusuka emhlabathini, yize kwesinye isikhathi zichitha ubusuku phansi emhlabathini ezihlahleni eziminyene. Lokhu kuziphatha kujwayelekile ikakhulukazi kumajuba ahlala ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi.
Amajuba anomqhele cishe awanazo izitha zemvelo. Ngenxa yalokhu, baba lula ukukhohliseka futhi babe nobuntu obuhle, okungajwayelekile ezinyonini. Bavame ukukhetha amadolobhana aseduze kwamahlathi anomswakama ukuze bahlale kuwo, futhi bavame ukuphuma baye kubantu. Amajuba athweswe umqhele anelukuluku lokuya kumakhamera wevidiyo ngokwawo.
Lapho inyoni ifuna ukudla, ayidabuli ungqimba lomhlaba ngezidladla zayo futhi ayilahli amaqabunga awile namakhasi omile otshani. Esikhundleni salokho, ijuba limane likhiphe kulokho okusemkhakheni walo wokubona. Lokhu kuziphatha kufanelekile ngokuthi amajuba athweswe umqhele awanabancintisi bokudla, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokufuna ukudla ngamandla - ngaso sonke isikhathi sihlala singaphansi kwezinyawo ngokoqobo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Izinyoni zithweswe umqhele wamajuba
Isikhathi sokuzala sisekwindla, lapho kuqala imvula enamandla. Abesilisa baqala ukudansa futhi bakhwehle - benze imisindo yethambo ukuheha abesifazane. Imidanso yabo mihle kakhulu: amajuba avula amaphiko awo nemisila, azulazule endaweni, anyathele phansi. Eziningana ezeduna zingahlangana zizungeze ezinsikazi, ezizondiza ziye ezindaweni ngezindawo, zizama ukudonsa ukunaka kwakhe.
Futhi, owesilisa ngamunye ufuna ukukhombisa owesifazane ukuthi uzoba ubaba omuhle. Amajuba akhombisa ukuthi iyiphi indawo angayikhetha esidlekeni, aphatha amahlumela ashiye akhethiwe, angasetshenziswa ukwakha isidleke. Ngokudansa "nokuchuma" owesifazane ukhetha umlingani.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kwesinye isikhathi amajuba akha ngazimbili izinkathi ezithile zonyaka. Kwesinye isikhathi le mibhangqwana iba namandla kangangoba uma omunye umlingani elahlekelwa omunye, khona-ke uhlala yedwa impilo yakhe yonke.
Ngemuva kokukhetha umlingani, amajuba athweswe umqhele wesilisa nowesifazane andizela endaweni lapho isidleke sizoba khona - leli igatsha elibanzi kakhulu lapho kulula ukuhlala khona namachwane. Lapho, umbhangqwana uhleli futhi ukhale kakhulu ukukhombisa wonke umuntu osemphaketheni ukuthi isihlalo sithathiwe yini. Kwesinye isikhathi owesilisa kufanele axoshe amanye amajuba angathanda ukuthatha le ndawo.
Maphakathi nekwindla, isidleke sakhiwa - lena yindlu enkulu yamagatsha, egeleza futhi ishiya endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-10 ngaphezulu komhlaba. Insikazi ibeka iqanda elilodwa esidlekeni, kepha kuyaqabukela kube mabili. Uma kwenzeka izalela amaqanda amabili, iphuphu lesibili cishe lizofa.
Insikazi ihlala eqandeni ebusuku, bese indiza iyodla phansi emini. Emini ubuyiselwa owesilisa. Njengoba izinyoni zishona ngesikhathi, eyesilisa yehlisa isisindo sayo ngokuphawulekayo, ngoba ayondli kahle ebusuku futhi ngezinye izikhathi iba yisisulu sezilwane ezizingelayo. Uma owesilisa noma owesifazane efa, khona-ke inzalo nayo izobhubha.
Ngemuva kokufukamela amasonto amane, kuvela iphuphu. Lesi yisidalwa esingenakuzisiza esidinga ukudla okuningi, ngakho-ke owesilisa nowesifazane baqala ukufuna ngenkuthalo ukudla ndawonye, beletha izikelemu, imbewu nezithelo enkukhu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-40, iphuphu selivele seligcwele ngokuphelele futhi lilungiselela ukundiza. Ngokushesha nje lapho isuka, amajuba athweswe umqhele azikhulula kwimithwalo yemfanelo yobuzali.
Izitha zemvelo zejuba elithweswe umqhele
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani ijuba elithweswe umqhele
Amajuba athweswe umqhele kuyaqabukela ahlangane nanoma yiziphi izidumbu. Isilwane esiyisilwane esiyinhloko esisongela lezi zinyoni yi-ermine. Izitofu azijwayelekanga eNew Zealand - zaziswa lapho ngobuciko ukuze zilawule inani lonogwaja nezidlwane, ezazanda ngokungalawuleki eziqhingini. Iziteki zikwazi ukubhekana nokwehla kwenani lonogwaja, kodwa futhi zikhubaze inqwaba yezinyoni.
Ngaphambi kwe-ermine, kwakungekho zilwane ezincelisayo eNew Zealand, ngaphandle kwamalulwane nama-marsupial wallabies, okwakungeyona ingozi kumajuba athweswe umqhele. I-Agile ermines izingela ebusuku naphakathi nosuku, okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu empilweni yamajuba.
Ngaphezu kokuzingela abantu abadala, ama-ermine acekela izidleke zamajuba athweswe umqhele, ahudula amachwane futhi adla amaqanda. Amajuba athweswe umqhele kalula aphoqeleke ukuba afunde ukuqapha nokwesaba. I-ermine ayikwazanga ukudiliza ngokungathi sína inani lamajuba, kepha ezindaweni eziningi bahlala besaba kakhulu - bandizela phezulu emagatsheni ezihlahla lapho kutholakala ingozi.
Amakati nezinja ezethulwayo nazo zingazingela amajuba ahlala eduze nemizi. Akunzima ukubamba ijuba elinje: ziyashesha, ziyethemba futhi zisuka kanzima ngenxa yesisindo sazo esikhulu. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukuthola lezi zinyoni ezihlahleni: zilinda ngesineke kuze kube yilapho umhlaseli esuswe ngokuphelele emkhakheni wokubuka, futhi ngemuva kwalokho kuphela andiza abuyele phansi nawo wonke umhlambi.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ijuba lomqhele
Amajuba athweswe imiqhele awasengozini. Kodwa-ke, izinombolo zabo zahlupheka ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:
- inyama yalezi zinyoni ibhekwa njengesibiliboco. Ngenxa yalokhu, amajuba akhuliswa hhayi kuma-dovecotes kuphela, kepha nasemapulazini, lapho athengiswa khona kamuva emadilini. Ijuba elithweswe umqhele akunzima ukulondla ngosayizi omkhulu;
- izimpaphe zithengiswa njengemihlobiso yokuhlobisa. Amajuba athweswe imiqhele akakaze azingelwe, kodwa kwesinye isikhathi izimpaphe zawo zitholakale emakethe emnyama;
- izilwane ezidliwayo zazingela amajuba athweswe umqhele ngaphandle kobunzima. Lezi yizinja, amakati kanye nezitokisi ezingenhla;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezintsha kubhubhisa indawo yemvelo yamajuba athweswe umqhele. Ngaphandle kokuthi bazijwayeza kalula impilo eseduze nabantu, bahlupheka ngokushoda kokudla noma ubuthi bokudla - lokhu kungumphumela wokwelashwa kwezinsimu zezolimo ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane.
Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, ijuba elithweswe umqhele liyinyoni ejwayelekile eNew Zealand. Zibanjwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze zibekwe ema-zoo noma emapulazini abelusi. Ijuba elithweswe umqhele lingathengwa nge-oda langaphambilini okungenani ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-60. Amajuba adinga indawo ebiyelwe evulekile nezimo ezinhle zokugcina, kepha uma zonke izimo zihlangatshezwa, zizokhula ngempumelelo futhi ziphile kuze kube yiminyaka engamashumi amabili.
Ijuba lomqhele - muhle futhi unomoya omuhle. Ungahlangana nalezi zinyoni hhayi eNew Zealand kuphela, kodwa nasezindaweni eziningi zokugcina izilwane, lapho izinyoni ezinelukuluku zizwa zikhululekile futhi zithanda ukuhlangana nabantu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08/13/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 14.08.2019 ngo-23: 36
