I-Degu squirrel Ingabe isilwane esimangalisayo, esisheshayo futhi esihle kakhulu esivela emndenini wamagundane. Ngaphandle, ihluke ngokuphelele kunesikwele esidumile sasehlathini. Inokufana okuningi kakhulu ne-jerboa. Isilwane sivame ukutholakala ngaphansi kwegama lesiqubu saseChile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izwe lakhe yiChile neNingizimu Melika. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, isilwane sihlala eqenjini elikhulu. Muva nje, kuvame kakhulu njengesilwane esifuywayo. Lokhu kungenxa yemvelo yokudlala kanye nokukwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo ezahlukahlukene zobukhona.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: squirrel degu
Izingwejezi ezingama-degu zingezilwane ezincelisayo ze-chordate, zabelwe ukuhleleka kwamagundane, umndeni onamazinyo ayisishiyagalombili, uhlobo lwe-octodon, uhlobo lwe-degu. Izwe lomlando wesilwane yiChile. Mayelana nalokhu, i-squirrel yaqanjwa ngegama lesiChile. Ensimini yaseChile, futhi namuhla ezimweni zemvelo, inani elikhulu lalezi zilwane zihlala.
Incazelo yokuqala yesilwane yabhalwa nguJuan Ignacio Molina. Wayengumpristi futhi wakhombisa intshisekelo enkulu ekutadisheni impilo yezitshalo nezilwane zasendaweni. Wayengowokuzalwa eChile futhi wenza izifundo eziningi ezihlose ukuchaza izici zezilwane ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izingwejeje ze-degu.
Ividiyo: I-squirrel degu
Ngo-1782, uJuan Ignacio Molina washicilela incwadi ebizwa nge-Essays on the Natural History of Chile. Le ncwadi iqukethe incazelo yezimila nezilwane zasendaweni, kufaka phakathi ingwejeje yaseChile. Ngokuya ngemininingwane ethile yangaphandle nezici zezinhlamvu, umcwaningi wathi lezi zilwane zingamaprotheni. Encwadini, waphawula ubudlelwano babo, uthando lwemidlalo nokubi, ukujabula. Ubuye wabhala ukuthi ezinye izimpawu zangaphandle ziphakamisa ukuthi iphrotheni laseChile liyisixhumanisi esiphakathi phakathi kwe-dormouse namagundane.
Abantu bomdabu babejwayele ukubiza lesi silwane ngokuthi yiMapuche, okusho ukuthi "igundane" ngolimi lwaseNdiya. Namuhla, izilwane zivame kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Abalimi babo bayabona ukuthi izilwane ziyakuthanda ukunakwa futhi zihlala zifuna okuningi. Phakathi kwezinzuzo, babuye babize ukungathobeki nokungabekwa phansi kwesilwane ezimweni zokuboshwa nokuzinza ekuqeqeshweni.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: squirrel waseChilean
Iphrotheni laseChile libukeka njengejerboa. Izilwane zitholakala ngokuhlukahluka kwemibala emibili: zingaba nsundu ngombala ompunga, noma zibe nsundu ngombala ophuzi. Isisu nobuso bangaphakathi bezitho zihlala zilula. Ubude bomzimba bezilwane busukela kumasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-21. Izilwane zinomsila omude, omncane, ubude bawo obucishe bulingane nobude bomzimba, futhi bungamasentimitha ayi-6-10. Emphethweni womsila kukhona ibhulashi elibushelelezi elinombala omhlophe noma okhanyayo. Isisindo somuntu omdala oyedwa ngama-100-550 amagremu.
Umzimba umbozwe ngoboya obuthambile, obukhulu futhi obuntofontofo. Izinwele zinombala othakazelisayo, othize. Ingxenye emaphakathi yezinwele ilula, ithiphu idayiwe mnyama. Isifonyo sihlangene, amehlo ayazwakala, amnyama, futhi angabonakala kakhulu. Impumulo iyindilinga eyedlula yegundane. Ngasemaphethelweni ekhaleni, kunezintshebe eziningi ezenza umsebenzi okhangayo. Amehlo ahlukaniswe ngokwehlukana ngabafundi, avame ukuncipha futhi avuleke. Izindlebe zesilwane zivulekile, zikhombe ngasemathiphu.
Kunamazinyo ayishumi nambili emgodini womlomo. Ama-incisor amabili atholakala emhlathini ongaphezulu, ama-incisors amabili emhlathini ongezansi. Izingwejeje azinawo ama-canine. Esikhundleni salokho, kukhona umgodi wamahhala obizwa nge-diastema. Ngamunye amazinyo asemgodini womlomo unendawo echazwe ngokuqinile.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Amazinyo enduku ayakhula ezimpilweni zabo zonke, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi bawagaye njalo.
Izingalo zangaphambili zezilwane zifushane kakhulu kunezindluzelekazi. Baneminwe emine nesithupha esingesihle. Izitho zangemuva zinde futhi zinde, zineminwe emihlanu. Iminwe inezinzipho ezibukhali, ezigobile kancane.
Uhlala kuphi ude squirrel?
Isithombe: squirrel degu eChile
Izwe lomlando wezilwane yiChile, kanye nensimu yeNingizimu Melika. Ngokwemvelo, ezimweni zemvelo, amagundane ahlala ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene - emagqumeni, emathafeni, ezigodini, nasezintabeni. Kaningi, izingwejeje ezincane zaseChile zitholakale endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kwe-1300 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Ososayensi bathole izindawo zokuhlala zamaqembu ngamanye ama-squirrels aseChile e-Andes eseNingizimu. Izilwane zivame ukuhlomisa amakhaya azo emifantwini yamatshe, phakathi kwezihlahla, izimbobo zobumba, nakwezinye izindawo ezingafinyeleleki.
Uma uzogcina isilwane ekhaya, kufanele unakekele ukusihlelela indawo. Kungcono ukuthenga ikheji ngokugcinwa kwabo, ubukhulu bayo obuzoba okungenani amasentimitha angama-60 - 70 ubude, ububanzi nokuphakama. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kunesidingo sokukhetha kuphela amaseli anezinduku zensimbi, ngoba ukwahlukaniswa ngokhuni noma kwepulasitiki kuzodliwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
Izilwane ezincane ngokwemvelo zingamagundane, ngakho-ke kufanele kube nesibalo esanele samahlumela, izinti zokhuni esibayeni, ezingazidinga. Ziyizilwane ezihamba kakhulu futhi ezisebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, bangakwazi ukusetha ama-perches emazingeni ehlukene, kanye nesondo lapho i-squirrel ingagijimela khona ngokugcwele.
Izilwane zinokuthambekela kokubonakala okweqile, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuhlanza njalo ikheji. Kuyanconywa futhi ukuthola indawo efanelekile yendawo yezinyoni uqobo. Akufanele ivezwe elangeni eliqondile. Kungcono ukuyibeka kude nomthombo wemisindo ephezulu namabhethri erediyetha.
Idlani ingwejeje yedegu?
Isithombe: Girl squirrel degu
I-degu squirrel ingeyokudla okudla imifino. Ingxenye eyinhloko yokudla ukudla kokudla kwezitshalo.
Okusebenza njengesisekelo sefolishi samaprotheni:
- izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhambi;
- izimpande, ingxenye enqabayo, izimbali zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zohlaza;
- izitshalo zokwelapha nezokwelapha;
- imbewu;
- imifino enamanzi, evuthiwe;
- amagxolo ezihlahla nezihlahlana ezahlukahlukene.
Ifula esezingeni eliphakeme, kanye namaqabunga notshani obuhlukahlukene, kufanele kube khona ekudleni kwesilwane njengomthombo oyinhloko wokudla. Labo abagcina amagundane amancane ezimweni zokufakelwa kufanele banakekele ukutholakala okuvamile kwefula esibayeni sezilwane. I-hay kufanele ibe yekhwalithi ephezulu, iqukathe inani elikhulu le-carotene ne-fiber. Lezi zinto zidingeka ezilwaneni ukuze zikhule ngokugcwele futhi zikhule. Baphinde badinge izinto ezibalulekile ezifana ne-digestible protein protein, phosphorus, calcium, amavithamini.
Ukondla amaprotheni akunzima. Badla inani elikhulu lamakhambi nezitshalo: ukhova, i-clover, idandelion, imbabazane, i-mint, i-lemon balm. Amaqabunga ezitshalo zamajikijolo nezithelo nawo angadliwa: okusajingijolo, i-apula, ipheya, i-cherry, i-cherry, i-currant emnyama, emhlophe nebomvu, i-hazel, i-blackberry. Izinduku ziyakujabulela ukudla izaqathe, ukholifulawa, ama-blueberries. Ekhaya, udinga ukufaka imifino emisha ekudleni, ukudla okomile okhethekile kwamaphrotheni aseChile. Isilwane sakho sasekhaya kufanele sidle okungenani ama-50-70 amagremu wokudla okusha nsuku zonke. Kunohlu lwezithako ezivinjelwe ngokuqinile ukuthi izilwane zidle.
Yini engavunyelwe ukunikeza amaprotheni aseChile:
- imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngezinhlanzi;
- ufulawa wezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo;
- ushukela;
- usawoti;
- ubisi nezithako zalo;
- imvubelo;
- amantongomane;
- uju;
- noma imiphi imikhiqizo yezilwane.
Manje uyazi ukuthi ungondla kanjani izingwejeje ze-degu ekhaya. Ake sibheke ukuthi ingwejeje yaseChile ihlala kanjani endle.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: squirrel degu
Ama-squirrel ngokwemvelo anikezwe ukuzwa okuhle nephunga, kepha umbono wabo ubuthakathaka. Umuzwa obukhali onjalo wokuhogela nokuzwa usiza ekubambeni izindlela zezitha ezingaba khona, futhi usebenza njengendawo yokukhomba endaweni futhi usiza ekutholeni ukudla. Izingwejeje ziyakwazi ukuxhumana zodwa ngokusebenzisa ukushukuma komzimba okuhlukahlukene, nangokudlidliza kwemisindo.
Akujwayelekile ukuthi amagundane aphile impilo eyedwa. Ezimweni zemvelo, zihlala kuphela njengengxenye yeqembu. Usayizi weqembu elinjalo ungahluka: kusuka kubantu abayisikhombisa kuya kwabangu-14. Abesifazane abaningana bahlala ezikhundleni eziholayo. Bonke abanye bangaphansi kwabaholi banomphela.
Izingwejeje zaseChilean ziyizilwane ezinamahloni futhi ezinamahloni kakhulu. Bathanda ukugijima bacashe ezindaweni zokukhosela. Inqubo eyisibopho ezimweni zemvelo ukubhukuda esihlabathini. Ngakho-ke, bayakwazi ukuhlanza umswakama omningi emzimbeni nasemafutheni wejazi.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Imvelo inikeze amaprotheni we-degu amandla amangalisayo okuzilondoloza. Izilwane ezidla inyama zivame ukuzama ukubamba izilwane ngomsila wazo omude. Uma bephumelela, basakaza isikhumba somsila, basishiye emihlokweni yesitha. Izilwane ezincane ziququda ngokoqobo ingxenye evelele yomsila.
Kufakazelwe ngokwesayensi ukuthi lezi zilwane zimane nje zidinga ukuxhumana ngokomzimba. Uma umfuyi wesilwane engakakulungeli ukunikela isikhathi esanele kuye, kufanelekile ukuthi ucabangele ukuthi ungasithola kanjani esinye isilwane. Uma ingwejeje ingakutholi ukuxhumana okwanele, iba nolaka futhi ingaluma. Futhi, izilwane zinciphise amasosha omzimba, zithambekele ezifweni ezahlukahlukene.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Ama-squirrels eDegu eChile
Izingwejeje zaseChile zivundile kakhulu futhi zizala ngempumelelo, zombili ezimweni zemvelo nasendle. Isikhathi sokuthomba siqala cishe eminyakeni yobudala yonyaka nengxenye. Isikhathi somjikelezo kwabesifazane sisuka ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuye kwezingama-23. Ukuqala kwe-estrus kukhombisa ukulungela ukukhwelana. Ngemuva kokukhwelana, isikhathi sokumitha siyaqala, esihlala cishe izinyanga ezintathu. Izingwejeje zaseChile zizala amantshontsho asebenzayo, azimele.
Owesifazane oyedwa angazala izingane ezi-3 kuya kwezi-9. Isisindo somntwana osanda kuzalwa cishe singama-gramu ayi-15. Zizalwa zibona, zimbozwe izinwele ezimfushane, ezacile. Emavikini ambalwa okuqala, izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zidinga ubisi lwebele. Kodwa-ke, ngokushesha bashintshela ekudleni okuvamile. Kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10-12, bashintshela ngokuphelele ekudleni kwabantu abadala. Lokhu kwenziwa ukunakekelwa kwabazali. Abantu abadala abakhulisa amaphuphu abo ezimweni zemvelo baphatha izimila ezinamanzi, eziluhlaza baya kumaminki abo.
Izilwane zizala kanye ngonyaka, kuyaqabukela kabili ngonyaka. Isikhathi sokuzalisa ezimweni zemvelo sonyaka. Emazweni afudumele, kwenzeka ekwindla - maphakathi nobusika. Isikhathi sokuphila samagundane ezimweni zemvelo izinyanga eziyi-10-14. Uma sigcinwa ekhaya, lapho isilwane sinakekelwa kahle futhi sinokudla okwanele, isikhathi sokuphila sikhula sibe yiminyaka eyi-7-8.
Izitha zemvelo zama-degu squirrels
Isithombe: Ama-squirrels ama-degu
Ngokwemvelo, ezimweni zemvelo, amagundane aseChile anezitha eziningi.
Phakathi kwezitha zama-degu squirrels:
- ama-jaguar;
- ezihuquzelayo (izibankwa ezinkulu, izinyoka);
- impisi enomhlwenga;
- i-andean condor;
- i-harpy;
- izikhova.
Umuntu futhi uyisitha semvelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ezimweni zemvelo, amaprotheni aseChileya enza umonakalo omkhulu emhlabeni wezolimo. Zibhubhisa ngokuphelele izitshalo zabalimi, izivande, futhi zidale umonakalo omkhulu ezinqolobaneni ezinemikhiqizo ekhulile. ngenxa yalokhu, abantu babulala amagundane ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane yamakhemikhali ukusindisa amasimu abo nezitshalo. Inani elikhulu lamaprotheni e-degu asetshenziswa ngabantu njengezilwane zokuhlola kuma-laboratories. Benza ucwaningo ngesifo sikashukela, kanye nesifo i-Alzheimer's.
Izifo zibhekwa njengesinye isitha esibucayi sesilwane. Izinduku zinokuzivikela komzimba okuqinile, kepha kunezifo eziningi ezingaholela ekufeni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isifo sikashukela, izicubu, ukushoda kwamavithamini, ubuthi, ukubonakala okweqile, ukugaya amazinyo okungalingani. Ukugwema ukugula nokufa kwesilwane, udinga ukunakekela ukudla okunomsoco nokutholakala kwamagatsha enkuni okugaya amazinyo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: squirrel degu
ENingizimu Melika, abantu bezingwejeje baseChile baningi impela. Atholakala ngobuningi eBolivia, eChile, ePeru nase-Argentina. Namuhla, ama-degu squirrels asetshenziswa kabanzi njengezilwane ezifuywayo emhlabeni jikelele. Inani labantu lalesi silwane lingenye yezindawo ezisabalele kakhulu emhlabeni. Zisabalele cishe yonke indawo. Okuhlukile yinsimu ye-Antarctica, New Zealand, Alaska, Labrador.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Izilwane ziyakwazi ukwenza imisindvo ephezulu kakhulu indlebe yomuntu engakwazi ukuyibona.
Ukuvikeleka okuzinzile nokuzala okuphezulu kunikeza ukugcwaliswa okusheshayo kwabantu, yize kunesikhathi esincane sokuphila ezimweni zemvelo. Izimo ezingafuneki zokugcina, kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nokuhlala ekhaya, kubangela ukuthandwa okwandayo kwezingwejeje ze-degu njengezilwane ezifuywayo emhlabeni jikelele.
I-Degu squirrel Isilwane esinobungane futhi esinothando kakhulu esingaba umngane omuhle kakhulu, oqotho. Ukunakekelwa okufanele nokudla okunomsoco kuzonikeza isilwane sakho ukuthokoza nobungqabavu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 12.07.2019
Usuku lokubuyekeza: 09/24/2019 ngo-22: 19
