Enhle ngendlela emangalisayo futhi enomusa ocelot kubukeka kahle. Lesi sidlakela esimangalisayo sifana ncimishi nengwe eyehliswe kakhulu. Akumangazi ukuthi abantu abaningi bayithande i-ocelot, ngoba ukubukeka kwayo kuyakhanga futhi kuyamangaza, ngakho-ke abantu bakwazi ukululama leli kati, balwenza isilwane. Kuncane okwaziwayo nge-ocelot engaqondakali ehlala endle, ake sizame ukuqonda ubunjalo bayo, imikhuba yayo kanye nokuphila kwayo ngokuningiliziwe.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Ocelot
I-ocelot ayisona isilwane esidla inyama esikhulu kakhulu somndeni we-feline. Igama layo, elihunyushwe lisuselwa esiLatin, lisho ukuthi "ikati lengwe". Ukubukeka kwalezi zilwane kufana ngezindlela eziningi, umehluko ophawuleka kakhulu phakathi kokubukeka kwazo ngosayizi. Kukhona enye inguqulo yokuhunyushwa kwegama elithi "ocelot", livela olimini lwamaNdiya ase-Aztec futhi lisho ukuthi "ingwe yensimu", yize lesi silwane sigwema ukuhlala ezindaweni ezivulekile.
Esikhathini esingengakanani esidlule, ososayensi babekholelwa ukuthi ama-feline avela cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-25 eyedlule, kepha ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili nanye leminyaka, enye inguqulo yabekwa phambili ngenxa yomsuka wensikazi. Manje ochwepheshe bathi amakati avele endaweni yase-Asia eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyishumi nanye edlule.
Ividiyo: Ocelot
Okokuqala kwaba ukuvela kwamakati amakhulu (kusuka kuhlobo lwama-panther), bese - amancane, lapho i-ocelot ihlobene khona. Ngokuvamile, kukhona ama-subspecies amaningana phakathi kwama-ocelots, ahluke komunye nomunye, okokuqala, ngokuthunyelwa kwawo unomphela, futhi ngaphandle cishe acishe afane.
Ukuchaza kafushane i-ocelot, singayibiza ngokuthile okuphakathi kwengwe nekati elijwayelekile. Uma kuqhathaniswa namakati ajwayelekile, likhulu impela. Indoda evuthiwe ifinyelela ebangeni elingaphezu kwemitha (130 cm), kanti owesifazane - cishe amasentimitha angama-80. Umsila wama-ocelots osayizi obukhulu usukela ku-30 kuye ku-40 cm ubude. Ubunzima besilisa bungaba ngu-15 kg, kanti abesifazane bangu-10.
Lesi yisilwane esinamandla, ngokwesibonelo, ububanzi behlombe lekati lomuntu omdala bufinyelela uhhafu wemitha. Ubukhulu be-ocelot bungafaniswa nenja enkulu, njengomalusi waseJalimane. Ngakho-ke, leli kati lihlaba umxhwele ngosayizi.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Animal ocelot
Umzimba we-ocelot unomusa, kepha unamandla futhi uqine. Izinyawo ziqinile futhi ziyindilinga, futhi imilenze uqobo inamandla futhi yinde. Entanyeni ende kunekhanda elihlanzekile, elincanyana, lapho izindlebe eziyindilinga ezibanzi zibonakala khona ngokusobala. Amehlo wesilwane esichazayo acacisa kakhulu, ajulile futhi atshekile kancane. Anombala ogqamile futhi agqamile ebusweni ngohlaka olumnyama olukhanyayo. Iphuzu lekhala lala makati libomvana.
Umbala wejazi le-ocelot uwumsebenzi wobuciko ophelele. Mhlawumbe, kuwo wonke amakati, muhle kakhulu futhi uyinkimbinkimbi. Ithoni enkulu yomzimba yi-beige yegolide, isisu nengxenye engaphakathi yentamo zihlala zikhanya ngombala. Amabala akhanyayo (ama-rosettes) emzimbeni wonke enza iphethini yokuqhathanisa fancy.
Umugqa wamabala ubumnyama kakhulu (ucishe ube mnyama), futhi ngaphakathi banomthunzi okhanyayo, omnyama kakhulu kunethoni enkulu yomzimba, ngakho-ke umi kahle ngokuqhathaniswa nesizinda sawo. Imivimbo emibili ekhanyayo emnyama ikhuphuka isuka emehlweni akhonjisiwe, intamo nezihlathi ze-ocelot nakho kufakwe kahle. Ama-black specks abonakala yonke indawo emilenzeni. Umsila wesilwane esidliwayo umthende ngethiphu emnyama.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: izindlebe ze-ocelot zimnyama phezulu ngensimbi ecwebezelayo ekhanyayo phakathi, nokumhlophe ngaphakathi. Buqamama, lezi zindawo ezisezindlebeni zingaphanjaniswa ngamehlo, ngakho-ke imibono yososayensi ngalesi sici yahlukaniswa. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi usiza amazinyane amancane ukuze akwazi ukuhambisana nonina, ambone phambi kwakhe. Abanye bathi ama-ocelots asebenzisa lo mbala wezindlebe njengeqhinga lokukhohlisa nokukhohlisa ezinye izidumbu.
Iphethini etholakala ebusweni nasemzimbeni ingahluka kancane kuma-subspecies ahlukene we-ocelot; kwamanye amakati, sonke isizinda somzimba sinombala ompunga. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, umbala omuhle kangaka walezi zinsimbi ezimangalisayo umane uthakathe ngokunethezeka nobuhle bawo, ukhange ngomhlobiso oyinkimbinkimbi womlingo futhi ocacile.
Ihlala kuphi i-ocelot?
Isithombe: Ikati le-Ocelot
U-Ocelot ungumhlali womdabu waseMelika, eNingizimu naseCentral.
Ingatholakala ezindaweni:
- IBrazil;
- I-Argentina;
- IBolivia;
- I-Ecuador;
- EMexico;
- USA;
- IPeru;
- EVenezuela;
- I-Paraguay;
- EColombia.
Izazi ze-Zoologists zithi umngcele osenyakatho kakhulu webanga le-ocelot udlula endaweni yezwe laseMelika laseTexas. Ngisho nakamuva nje, ama-ocelot nawo ayehlala ezifundeni ezifana ne-United States njenge-Arkansas, Louisiana, Arizona, ngaleso sikhathi inani lamakati laliphakeme kakhulu. Manje ezinye izinhlobo ziwela umngcele waseMexico futhi zivela e-Arizona, kepha lawa ngamacala angawodwa.
Lezi zidlakela ezinomusa omude ezakhiwe ngasemanzini ziye zakhetha indawo eseduze noMfula i-Amazon, embozwe ihlathi elingaweleki, eliminyene, lapho amakati ezizwa ekhululekile khona. I-Ocelot ingahlala emadlelweni asezindaweni ezishisayo, nakumahlathi emihlume kanye nasezixhaphozini. Isilwane sithanda izimila eziluhlaza futhi sikhetha izindawo lapho sinenala khona.
Ama-Ocelots abuye abonwa ezindaweni eziphakeme (cishe amakhilomitha ama-4) e-Andes, yize ejwayele ukukhuphuka ngaphezu kwe-1.5 km. Cishe akunakwenzeka ngomuntu ojwayelekile ukuthi abone i-ocelot ehlane, ngoba uthola amahlathi angadluli lapho ehlala khona unomphela lapho umuntu engakwazi ukudlula khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, muhle ngokuzifihla, futhi ukuqapha nokugcina imfihlo kuyimvelo yakhe yesibili.
Idlani i-ocelot?
Isithombe: Ikati le-Ocelot
I-ocelot, okokuqala kunakho konke, ingumhlaseli, ngakho-ke, imenyu yayo iyafana nayo. Njengoba kungesona isilwane esidla inyama enkulu kakhulu, khona-ke isisulu saso asifani nobukhulu obunzima.
Imenyu yekati iqukethe:
- Izinkawu ezincane;
- Zonke izinhlobo zamagundane;
- ULizard neNyoka;
- Izimpaphe;
- Izinambuzane;
- AmaCrustaceans;
- Ababhaki;
- Inhlanzi.
Lapho ikati lilambile kakhulu, lingahlasela zombili imbongolo encane nengulube yasekhaya, kepha lokhu akuvamile. I-ocelot ingazingela amahora amaningi, iqaphe ngokucophelela isisulu sayo ekuqamekeleni. Lapho izingela umdlalo omkhulu, i-ocelot icasha esihlokweni sezihlahla, ibheke inyamazane evela phezulu, nezilwane ezincane, imvamisa iholela ekubukeni kwayo ezihlahleni eziminyene. Ukubekezela kulolu daba akaluthathi.
I-ocelot ihlasela ngejubane lombani ukuze inyamazane ingabi nesikhathi sokubuyela emqondweni, ngokugxuma okukodwa ishaye phansi isisulu bese ishaya ngokuluma entanyeni. Ukuzwa okujulile, ukubona okubukhali kanye nomuzwa omuhle kakhulu wephunga kusiza i-ocelot ukuzingela kusihlwa.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: isici esingajwayelekile sale kati yisakhiwo samazinyo aso, angakhelwanga ukuhlafuna ukudla kahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-ocelot adwengula isisulu ngezicubu zawo bese emunca wonke, ngokumane agwinye.
Isisindo sokudla okuphansi okudingekayo kumzingeli we-mustachioed ngosuku ngama-gramu angama-500. I-ocelot idla inyamazane encane kusuka ekhanda, kanti enkulu iqala ukudla kusuka engxenyeni ethambile, iklebhule izingcezu zonke, eziyigwinya yonke. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ama-ocelots athunjiwe adla ngendlela efanayo nasendle. Kwesinye isikhathi kuphela lapho kuvela khona ukudla okukhethekile kwekati kwimenyu yezilwane ezifuywayo ezifuywayo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Animal ocelot
Ama-Ocelots akhetha ukuhlala yedwa ngokuphelele, akha ngazimbili kuphela isikhathi sokukhwelana. Ziyizilwane ezihlala phansi ezinezindawo zazo, imingcele eziyimaka ngokucophelela ukugwema ukungena kwabantu ezingabazi. Indoda endala ibeke endaweni efinyelela kumakhilomitha-skwele angama-30, kowesifazane iphindwe kabili kunokuncane. Imvamisa izimpahla zekati elilodwa zimbozwa izabelo eziningana zabesifazane.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: ama-ocelots abhukuda kahle futhi akhuphuki hhayi ezihlahleni kuphela, kodwa futhi nasemithambekeni yezintaba.
Lezi zingwe ezincane zinokuzwa okuhle, ukubona nephunga. Ama-Ocelots angaxhumana nomunye esebenzisa imisindo. Kwesinye isikhathi bayamamatheka ngomculo wabo wekati velvety, futhi ngenkathi yomshado bakhipha umsindo omkhulu, bememeza, befuna intokazi yenhliziyo. Ngokwemvelo, i-ocelot ivaliwe futhi iyimfihlo, ugwema abantu ngazo zonke izindlela, ukhetha izindawo zasendle ezingahambeki empilweni yakhe. Lezi zilwane zinomdlandla kakhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye ziyaqaphela, zizama ukungabizi amehlo ezinye izilwane, ezicashe ekukhuleni okucinene.
Izilwane ezinamabala ziyahamba zizingele sekuhlwile, kuthi ngokukhanya kwelanga zipholile ezihlahleni ezinomthunzi, emagatsheni noma emigodini ejulile yezihlahla. I-ocelot ichitha uhhafu wesikhathi sokuzingelwa kosuku, ngenkathi ikwazi ukuhamba amabanga amade ifuna inyamazane, ibambe imisindo emincane nokudlidlizela kwalabo abangaba izisulu zayo, ngoba ikati linosizo lokuzwa oluzwela kakhulu.
Amadevu e-ocelot, njengezimpondo eziqine kakhulu, amsiza ukuba ahambe kalula kunoma iyiphi indawo futhi ahambe buthule nangomusa, enqamula phakathi kwamahlathi nasemifantwini yamatshe. Isikhathi sokuphila se-ocelot esihlala endle cishe iminyaka eyi-14, futhi abantu abathanjisiwe, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, bangaphila ikota yekhulu leminyaka.
Lawo ma-ocelot ahlala ekhaya ahlakaniphe impela, ayasebenza futhi anomlingiswa wokudlala. Ukuzijabulisa kwabo kukhumbuza imidlalo yezinja ngandlela thile, bathanda ukuphatha nokuletha ibhola emazinyweni abo, ukuhamba nge-leash akubakhathazi nakancane, bayathanda ukubhukuda echibini noma kunoma yimuphi omunye umzimba wamanzi. Kepha ukusungulwa kobungani obuqinile nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo kuyivelakancane nge-ocelot, ngoba ngesimo sakhe sobulwane uzimele kakhulu futhi akakuthandi ukuncintisana.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Ocelot kitten
Abesifazane abavuthiwe ngokobulili bama-ocelots basondela unyaka owodwa nohhafu, nabesilisa - kuya kwababili nohhafu. Lezi zidlakudla azinaso isikhathi esikhethekile sesikhathi sokukhwelana, kepha imishado imvamisa yenzeka kakhulu kusuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba. Imvamisa, abesifazane baba ngabokuqala ukuqala ukufuna abanumzane babo, bame ngamandla futhi bazimemele abakhwenyana kubo, abasabela ocingweni ngokukhala okukhulu. Insikazi ishaya owesilisa ngezidladla zayo eziqinile ukuze iqale ukukhwelana. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa cishe izinsuku ezingama-80.
Umama ozayo ulungiselela ngenkuthalo indawo yokukhosela inzalo yakhe. Ingatholakala emgodini ovulekile, emhumeni oyimfihlo, noma ezihlahleni eziminyene. Insikazi yenza umbhede othambile ngoboya bayo, ebukhipha esiswini sayo. I-ocelot ingaba namawundlu kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-4, kepha imvamisa kukhona eyodwa noma amabili. Amakati azalwe esevele efake ijazi loboya, elinomthunzi omnyama ukwedlula owabazali bawo, kepha angaboni ngokuphelele, isisindo sezinsana sifinyelela kuma-250 amagremu. Umama onakekelayo uziphatha ngobisi lwakhe izinyanga ezintathu. Cishe emva kwamasonto amathathu, amehlo amazinyane avuleka.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: amanye ama-ocelots wesilisa asiza owesifazane ekukhuliseni inzalo. Bamlethela ukudla emgodini futhi baqapha indawo yokuhlala kwezinye izilwane.
Izingane zikhula kancane kancane futhi zisondela ezinyangeni ezintathu kuphela ubudala lapho ziqala ngokushiya indawo yazo yokuhlala. Ngemuva kwalokho umama noma bobabili abazali baqala ukuhudulela izilwane ezincane emgodini, bafundise izingane ukuzingela, futhi ngokushesha bathatha izingane esezikhulile bahambe nazo beyofuna ukudla, befaka kubo wonke amakhono adingekayo. Amakati ahlala nonina isikhathi eside futhi asondele eminyakeni emibili kuphela aqala ukufuna indawo yakhe yokuhlala unomphela.
Izitha zemvelo ze-ocelot
Isithombe: Wild Ocelot
I-ocelot ayisona isilwane esidla inyama enkulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke izitha zayo endle zingama-feline amakhulu. Okokuqala, lezi cougars kanye jaguar, banamandla kakhulu, nolaka futhi eqinile, ngakho-ke umzabalazo phakathi kwabo futhi ocelot ngokuvamile kakhulu iphela ngokufa yokugcina. Izilwane ezisencane zisongelwa ama-caimans, boas kanye nezinhlwathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwama-ocelot, ukuziphatha okunjengokudla abantu kuyathuthukiswa, lapho umhlaseli osemncane ongenalwazi, ebuthakathaka, engaba isisulu sesihlobo sakhe esikhulu futhi esinamandla amakhulu.
Kuyadabukisa ukukwazi lokhu, kepha isitha se-ocelot esibaluleke kakhulu nesiyingozi kakhulu ngumuntu. Muva nje, i-ocelot ibilandelwa ngenkuthalo ngabazingeli ngenxa yoboya bayo obuhle futhi obuyigugu. Kuphela eminyakeni engamashumi ayisikhombisa yekhulu eledlule inani elikhulu lama-ocelots labulawa, kanye nezilwane ezithengisayo zathengiswa bukhoma ngemali enhle kakhulu. Amakhulu ezinkulungwane zezikhumba zalesi silwane esihle angeniswa ngokungemthetho e-United States, ijazi loboya elalibiza cishe ama-dollar ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amane ngaleso sikhathi.
Olunye usongo kuma-ocelot ukuhlasela kwabantu ezindaweni zabo ezihlala njalo nokubhujiswa kwalezo zilwane ezizingelwa yikati lasendle. Konke lokhu kwaholela ekutheni i-ocelot yayisengcupheni yokunyamalala ngokuphelele, manje isimo sesithuthuke kakhulu. Into esemqoka ukuthi le ndlela evumayo yabantu balezi zinsikazi iyaqhubeka ngokuzayo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ikati le-Ocelot
Kwaphela isikhathi eside ama-ocelots abhujiswa kakhulu, ukuhweba kwalesi sidlakudla esihle kwachuma. Zombili izikhumba zesilwane kanye nabantu abaphilayo uqobo, ezaqala ukuduma phakathi kwabathandi bezinye izizwe, zaziswa.
Eminyakeni engamashumi ayisikhombisa yekhulu lamashumi amabili kwaphawulwa iqiniso lokuthi inani lama-ocelots lehla kakhulu, ngaleso sikhathi lalinganyamalala ngokuphelele emhlabeni, ngakho-ke lafakwa kwiRed Book, ethatha izinyathelo eziqinile zokuvikela lolu hlobo olumangalisayo lwe-feline. Manje ukuzingela lezi zilwane akukho emthethweni, ukuhweba ngama-ocelots nakho akuvunyelwe, kepha imisebenzi engekho emthethweni isenzeka, yize kungenjalo ngezinga elikhulu kangako.
Inani lama-ocelots lenyukile, manje lesi silwane asikho ngaphansi kosongo olunzima lokubhujiswa njengakuqala, kepha inani lezilwane ezisabandayo alikabanzi kakhulu. Inani lala makati asendle, noma kungenjalo ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha liyaqhubeka lincipha kancane kancane.
Izazi zezilwane zikholelwa ukuthi inani elikhulu lama-ocelot ligxile ehlathini lase-Amazonia elingenakudlula. Ngama-90s, bazama ukubala abantu ngabanye, kodwa idatha yalokhu iyahluka, ngokusho kwabo inani lama-ocelots ngaleso sikhathi lalisuka ezigidini ezingama-800,000 kuya kwezigidi ezintathu, lokhu kungukusabalala okukhulu kwezinkomba.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Ocelot
Isithombe: I-Ocelot Red Book
Njengoba sekushiwo, i-ocelot ingeze ohlwini lwezilwane ezifakwe kwiRed Book emuva eminyakeni engamashumi ayisikhombisa yekhulu elidlule. Kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho inani lalezi zinhlobo ze-felines lisondela ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwemisebenzi yokuzingela enamandla. Ukuvinjelwa okuqine kakhulu kwabekwa ekuzingeleni nasekuhwebeni ngezikhumba nemikhiqizo yoboya ocelot. Ngaphezu kwezinyathelo ezibalulwe ngenhla, abantu baqala ukudala izindawo ezinkulu ezivikelwe, amapaki kazwelonke, lapho isilwane sazala khona ngokuphepha.
Zonke lezi zinyathelo zaholela ekutheni i-ocelot, eyayibe ngaphansi kwesimo sesilwane esisengozini enkulu isikhathi eside, yathola isikhundla esisha, manje, ngokusho kwe-International Union for Conservation of Nature, kusukela ngo-2008 ithathwa ngokuthi "isongelwa kancane". Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, inani lama-ocelot lisancipha, ngoba ukuzingela okufihliwe kuyaqhubeka, futhi izindawo eziningi ezihlala esilwaneni zonakaliswe ngumuntu.
Abantu badinga ukuyeka ukugawulwa okungalawuleki kwamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo futhi bangaphazamisi kangako ensimini yezindawo zasendle ezihlala inani elikhulu labameleli abahlukahlukene bezilwane, ngoba kanye nezindawo zehlathi ababhubhisi nje kuphela amaphaphu eplanethi yethu, kodwa futhi nezilwane eziningi ezingaphandle, kufaka phakathi ama-ocelots amahle kakhulu.
Sengiphetha, kusala ukungeza lokho ocelot - umthakathi wangempela othumba futhi othakatha ngomlingo wamaphethini akhe ayingqayizivele nokubukeka okujulile, okucacile nokubukeka kwesibindiKwakungelutho ukuthi uSalvador Dali ngokwakhe abe nesilwane esinjalo esingavamile okuthiwa uBabou, owamjabulisa ngomusa wakhe nangobuhle bakhe. Ezikhathini zasendulo eGibhithe nasePeru, lesi sidalwa sasenziwa unkulunkulu, abantu babekhonza i-ocelot, bengayihloniphi ngobuhle bayo kuphela, kodwa futhi nangokuqapha kwayo, amandla nokungabi nasibindi. Kuhle ukuthi abantu babambe ngesikhathi futhi bakwazi ukuvimbela ukuqothulwa kwalezi zilwane ezimangalisayo. Manje singathemba nje ukuthi izizukulwane eziningi zabantu zizokubabaza futhi zibabaze ukubukeka kwakhe okuhle nokuhlukile.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08.04.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 19.09.2019 ngo-15: 07
