Ijaji lodaka inhlanzi ayijwayelekile neze. Le nhlanzi idonsela ukunaka ngokubukeka kwayo okuyingqayizivele, futhi akucaci ngokushesha ukuthi yinhlanzi noma isibankwa. Abamele lolu hlobo baningi, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezingama-35 ezahlukahlukene. Futhi izinhlanzi ezingama-goby zibizwa ngokuthi umndeni ovamile wama-jumpers. Kwesinye isikhathi i-mudskipper ikhuliswa ku-aquarium yasekhaya.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Inani labantu abasebenza ngodaka litholakala kuphela endaweni eshisayo nasendaweni eshisayo. Le nhlanzi akuyona amanzi angenasawoti, kepha ngeke uyithole emanzini anosawoti kakhulu. Abatshuzi bakhetha izindawo ezingasogwini lapho amanzi ahlanzekile ahlangana khona namanzi anosawoti. Futhi izinhlanzi ezinjalo zithanda nodaka lwamaxhaphozi emahlathini asendaweni eshisayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, inhlanzi - inodaka.
Incazelo ye-jumper nayo yanikezwa ngesizathu. Ngomqondo obucayi wegama, lezi zinhlanzi zingagxuma, ngaphezu kwalokho, ziye ekuphakameni okukhulu - amasentimitha angama-20. Umsila omude ogobile uvumela ukweqa, futhi kungumsila wokugcina, ukusunduza umsila, inhlanzi ihamba ngokunyakaza okungatheni. Ngenxa yale nqubo, ama-jumpers angakhuphuka ezihlahleni noma emadwaleni. Ngisho kuqhubeke isithombe se-mudskipper isimo esingajwayelekile siyabonakala:
Isici sabo sesibili esihlukile, i-sucker yesisu, siyabasiza ukuthi bahlale endizeni ebheke phezulu. Izinkomishi ezengeziwe zokudonsa zitholakala emaphikweni. Amajumpers akhuphuka amagquma ukuze azivikele kumagagasi. Uma inhlanzi ingasuki endaweni yamagagasi ngesikhathi, izomane iyiswe olwandle, lapho ingeke ibe khona.
Lezi zinhlanzi azikhuli zibe ngosayizi abakhulu, ubukhulu ezingafinyelela kuzo bungu-15-20 cm.Owesilisa, njengomthetho, makhulu kancane kunabesifazane. Umzimba wabo unesimo esihlanganisiwe esinomsila omncane onwebekayo. Umbala umnyama onamabala ahlukahlukene nemivimbo. Ingxenye ye-ventral ilula, isondele emthunzini osiliva.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Inhlanzi Yodaka Hopper engavamile hhayi kuphela ekubukekeni, kodwa indlela yakhe yokuphila ayisijwayelekile. Umuntu angasho nokuthi izinhlanzi ezinjalo azikwazi ukuphefumula ngaphansi kwamanzi. Bacwiliswe emanzini, kubonakala sengathi babamba umoya, behlisa ijubane umzimba kanye nesilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Isikhathi eside, izinhlanzi zingaphefumula ngaphandle kwamanzi. Isikhumba senhlanzi simbozwe isikhwehlela esikhethekile, esivikela izinhlanzi ekumeni ngaphandle kwamanzi. Badinga kuphela ukuthambisa umzimba wabo ngamanzi ngezikhathi ezithile.
Izinhlanzi zichitha isikhathi sabo esiningi ngamakhanda abo aphakanyiswe ngaphezu kwamanzi. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, ukuphefumula kwenzeka ngesikhumba, njengama-amphibians. Lapho ucwiliswa ngaphansi kwamanzi, ukuphefumula kuba yi-gill, njengezinhlanzi. Zincike emanzini, izinhlanzi ziya elangeni, kwesinye isikhathi zimanzise imizimba yazo.
Ukuze ukushisa kungomi lapho izinhlanzi zingaphezulu, zigwinya inani elincane lamanzi, elimanzisa imisuka ngaphakathi, kuthi ngaphandle izivalo zivalwe ngokuqinile. Ama-mudskippers aphethe umoya kangcono kakhulu kunezinye izinhlanzi, enekhono lokuvela noma ukuphuma emfushane emanzini.
Ama-jumpers anamehlo amahle emhlabeni, angabona inyamazane yawo ebangeni elikude impela, kepha lapho engena ngaphansi kwamanzi, izinhlanzi ziba yi-myopic. Amehlo aphakanyiswe phezulu ekhanda ahanjiswa ngezikhathi ezithile kokudonswa okuyisisekelo kokumanzi abese ebuyiselwa esimweni sawo sokuqala.
Kubukeka sengathi inhlanzi icwayiza, i-mudskipper ukuphela kwenhlanzi ekwazi ukucwayiza amehlo ayo. Ososayensi bakuthole ngokunembile ukuthi abagxumayo bayayizwa imisindo ethile, ngokwesibonelo, ukubhuza kwesinambuzane esindizayo, kodwa ukuthi bakwenza kanjani futhi ngosizo lsiphi isitho esingakasungulwa.
Ukuze ujwayele ukuguquka ngokushesha usuka endaweni yasemanzini uye emoyeni, ngakho-ke ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa okubukhali, kwakheke inqubo ekhethekile ezinhlanzini. Izinhlanzi zilawula ngokuzenzakalela imetabolism. Ukuphuma emanzini, kuvumela umzimba wabo ukuba uphole, nomswakama omboze umzimba ukuba uhwamuke. Uma ngokungazelelwe umzimba womile kakhulu, inhlanzi izongena emanzini, futhi uma kungekho umswakama eduze, khona-ke iwela ngokuphelele kudaka.
Ukudla
Ini udla ijezi lodaka, inquma indawo yayo yokuhlala. Ukudla okunomsoco ngenxa yekhono lokukhipha indawo yokuzijabulisa kuhlukile. Emhlabathini, ama-jumpers azingela izinambuzane ezincane. Lezi zinhlanzi zibamba omiyane endizeni. Kumadaka odaka, ama-jumpers akhetha futhi adle izikelemu, ama-crustaceans amancane noma ama-molluscs, futhi awadla ndawonye namagobolondo.
Njalo ngemuva kokudla, inhlanzi kufanele iphuze amanzi ukuze ithambise amakamelo e-gill. Ngaphansi kwamanzi, abagxumayo bakhetha ukudla kwezitshalo - ulwelwe njengokudla. Kunzima futhi akwenzeki njalo ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zigwinye ukudla emanzini. E-aquarium, izinambuzane ezincane ezinjenge-bloodworms zisetshenziswa njengokudla. Ukudla kungabanda.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ngenxa yendawo enodaka, inqubo yokwenziwa kwezinhlanzi iyinkimbinkimbi impela. Abesilisa, abakhombisa ukuthi bakulungele ukukhwelana, bakhulisa ama-mink ku-silt, lapho i-mink isilungile, owesilisa uheha abesifazane ngokushaya okuphezulu. Eqa, amaphiko okugcoba anwetshiwe ngokuphelele, akhombisa ubukhulu nobuhle bawo. Insikazi ekhangayo iya emayini bese izalela amaqanda ngaphakathi, iyinamathisele kolunye lwezindonga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikusasa lenzalo lincike kowesilisa kuphela. Ichumisa amaqanda abekiwe futhi ivikele ukungena emgodini kuze kuvuthwe amaqanda. Lapho kufundwa izimbobo zodaka, kwatholakala ukuthi lapho kwakhiwa umgodi, abesilisa basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile obubavumela ukuthi bakhe amakamelo omoya emigodini.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma umgodi ugcwala amanzi, kuzoba negumbi elingenazikhukhula elinomoya-mpilo. Leli gumbi livumela abesilisa ukuthi bangashiyi indawo yabo yokuhlala isikhathi eside. Futhi ukugcwalisa izinqolobane zomoya-mpilo egumbini ngamaza amancane, ama-jumpers agwinya umoya omningi ngangokunokwenzeka futhi awudedele egumbini lawo lomoya.
Abalimi be-Aquarium kufanele bazi ukuthi i-silt jumpers inenkinga yokuhlukaniswa nendlela yabo yokuphila ejwayelekile. Ukugcinwa kweMudskipper i-aquarium ngeke kube lula. Azikwazi ukuhlala nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ku-aquarium efanayo. Esikhaleni esivaliwe, izinhlanzi azizaleli. Ungathenga i-mudskipper ezitolo ezikhethekile.
