I-caracal, noma i-steppe lynx, isilwane esincelisayo esidla inyama. Iningi lezici zofuzo lenze ukuthi kukwazi ukukhonjwa kwe-caracal njengohlobo oluhlukile, kepha ngokuya ngezici eziyinhloko ze-morphological, i-steppe lynx isondelene kakhulu ne-cougar ne-serval yase-Afrika.
Ukubukeka, incazelo ye-caracal
Ngaphandle, i-caracal ifana ne-lynx, kodwa inosayizi omncane womzimba, ihlukaniswa ngobuncane bayo nombala we-monochromatic. Ubude bomzimba womuntu omdala buyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-65-82 cm, kanti ubude bomsila bungu-25-30 cm ukuphakama kwesilwane kubuna ku-44-46 cm.Isisindo somzimba we-caracal esikhulile asidluli ku-13-22 kg. Isici esihlukile ubukhona bezeluleko zezinsalela ezindlebe ezinamade afinyelela ku-50 mm ubude... Izinwele ezimhlophe ezinamakhanda zikhona ezinqeni, ezivumela isilwane ukuba sihambe kalula ngisho nasendaweni enesihlabathi.
Kuyathakazelisa!Endaweni yabo yemvelo, abantu abathandanayo ngezinye izikhathi batholakala. Izidumbu ezinjengalezi zibonakala ngobumnyama obumnyama kakhulu, okungafani nalolu hlobo, cishe umbala omnyama ngokuphelele.
Umzimba umbozwe ngoboya obufushane futhi obukhulu obukhulu. Umbala wejazi ufana nowe-cougar yaseNyakatho Melika, futhi umelwe ngenhla enesihlabathi noma ebomvu ngokubomvu ngephansi elimhlophe. Ingxenye eseceleni yesifonyo ihlukaniswa ngokumakwa okumnyama okubonakalayo. Imisipha ezindlebeni nangaphandle kwezindlebe kumnyama ngombala. Ngokuqhathaniswa nezindunduma zesihlabathi, ama-steppe lynxes cishe awabonakali. Ehlobo, isilwane esidlayo siyachitha, sibeka uboya baso ngokukhanyisa, kepha ijazi elifanayo elijiyile neliminyene.
Izilwane zasendle
Izinyoni zezinkukhu zithanda ukuhlala endaweni yesembozo, kanye nasezindaweni ezingenamathafane ezingenalutho nasezintabeni.
Izindawo zokuhlala kanye nokuma kwezwe
Inani elikhulu labantu be-caracal liyatholakala e-Afrika, e-Peninsula yase-Arabia, e-Asia Minor naseCentral, kanye naseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Inani elincane lama-steppe lynx ahlala eningizimu yeTurkmenistan, ugu loLwandle iCaspian kanye nenhlonhlo yaseMangyshlak, kanye nengxenye esempumalanga yeKyrgyzstan kanye nesifunda saseBukhara endaweni yase-Uzbekistan. Ezweni lethu, abantu abangashadile batholakala emagqumeni nasezingwadule eDagestan.
Indlela yokuphila ye-steppe lynx
Ama-steppe lynxes azwana kahle nabanye abamele abaningi bomndeni wekati.... Izimfene azingeni kaningi ezindaweni eziwugwadule, kepha ziyakwazi ukubekezelela isomiso kalula futhi zihlala ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi eside. Emini, izinyamazana zibalekela ekushiseni kwasemini emahlathini aminyene, kuthi kusihlwa ziyophuma ziye kozingela. I-caracal ibonakala ngokuphila yodwa, futhi indawo yayo yokudla ivikelwe ngokuqinile.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ubukhulu bendawo yokudla evikelekile ye-steppe lynx yabantu abadala buhlaba umxhwele kakhulu, futhi bungahluka kusuka ku-4 km kuye ku-300 km noma ngaphezulu, ngenkathi abesifazane bezikhethela izindawo ezincane ngokwazo.
Izinduna zihlukaniswa ngombono omuhle kakhulu nokuzwa okuhle kakhulu, okuvumela izilwane ezizingelayo ukuthi zilandele inyamazane yazo zinganakiwe futhi zisebenze kahle kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuthi isisulu sitholakele, i-caracal iyayihlasela cishe ngejubane lombani. Naphezu kwemilenze ekhule kahle, i-steppe lynx ayikwazi ukulandela isisulu sayo isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke inqubo yokuzingela yenziwa ngokuqamekela.
Amahares, amagundane ahlukahlukene, izinyoni, ama-hedgehogs, izingungumbane, izinkawu, ama-antelope amancane, ama-mongoose, kanye nezimpungushe nazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zingaba yizisulu ze-caracal. Isidlakela esidala siyakwazi ukubhekana nesisulu esiphindwe kabili kunosizi. Izilwane ezincane zibulawa ngokulunywa okukodwa okunamandla, futhi inyamazane enkulu, njengomthetho, ifa ngenqubo yokuklinywa. Isidlakela sifihla izinsalela zokudla okungadliwanga, futhi, uma kunesidingo, sikudle emva kwesikhashana.
Izitha eziyinhloko ze-caracal
I-steppe lynx ingahlaselwa yizilwane ezinkulu ezinjengebhubesi nempisi, lapho lezi zingwengwezi zibalekela khona emahlathini aminyene. Izitha ze-caracal zifaka nezimpisi ezingama-steppe nezinja ze-Alabai, ezisetshenziswa ngabantu ukuvikela imihlambi yezimvu..
Muva nje, izidumbu ziqothulwa ngamabomu ngabantu, lokhu kudalwa yisidingo sokuvikela imfuyo ekuhlaselweni ngumzingeli. Ukwehla okukhulu kwenani kube nomthelela ekwethulweni kwe-steppe lynx ezinhlwini zezinhlobo ezivikelwe, futhi ukuzingelwa kwalesi sidlo akuvumelekile emazweni e-CIS.
Ukugcina isidumbu emakhaya
Ensimini yeNdiya yasendulo, kanye nasePheresiya, i-steppe lynx yathanjiswa ngokukhethekile ngokuzingela izilwane zasendle ezinjengezinhlwathi ezincane, amahare, ama-pheasants namapikoko. Lolu hlobo lokuzingela lwaluthandwa ikakhulukazi kubantu abampofu, ngoba izidumbu zezidumbu zazishibhile kakhulu kunezingulule, futhi futhi zazingadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokudla okuningi.
Kwakulula kakhulu ukugcina isilwane esinjalo, futhi i-steppe lynx ethambile kahle iyisilwane esinomusa nesothando. Namuhla, ukugcina ikati elikhulu kangaka elizingelayo ekhaya sekuwuphawu lomcebo futhi kuhlonishwa kakhulu. Izidumbu ezingathobekile zithengwa ngabantu abaningi abacebile njengezilwane ezifuywayo ezingavamile. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zesilwane esihle kangaka ziphakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke akubona bonke abantu abangazithenga bazigcine ekhaya.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa, inhlanzeko
Awungeke ube nesilwane esiqhamuka kangaka uma kunezingane zasenkulisa endlini. Ukugcina i-steppe lynx ekhaya kudinga imali eningi, kanye nomzamo nesikhathi. Ungageza isilwane kuphela uma kunesidingo. Ukuxubha ngezikhathi ezithile nokuhlanzeka kwamehlo nezindlebe kuyizinto ezibalulekile ekunakekelweni kwasekhaya. Isidingo esisesikhathini sokunquma uzipho. Kunconywa ukuthi usencane ujwayele ikati lasendle uye kulel nasekhola, okuzokuvumela ukuthi uhambe isilwane ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Okubalulekile!Lapho kugcinwa isidumbu emzimbeni, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhambe njalo emgwaqeni, ngoba lesi silwane esidla inyama sidinga ngempela umsebenzi owanele womzimba nokusebenza.
Kungcono ukuthenga i-caracal ukuze igcinwe endlini yezwe, lapho isilwane esingajwayelekile sidinga ukuhlomisa i-aviary ekhethekile ngazo zonke izinhlobo zamadivayisi okuphumula nokusebenza komzimba.
I-steppe lynx iyakwazi ukweqa kahle, ngakho-ke insimu kufanele ibiyelwe ngocingo olwenele ngokwanele... Isilwane asikubekezeleli ukubanda kahle, ngakho-ke, indawo yokuhlala ezindlini zezindiza kumele ifakwe uhlelo lokushisa oluphezulu.
Ungayondla kanjani inyama yezinkukhu
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ukudla kwe-caracal kuvezwa yinyama, ngakho-ke, lapho kugcinwa ekhaya, inyama nokudla okunezinsalela, kanye nonogwaja, inyama kanogwaja namagundane okudla, kufanele kusetshenziswe njengokudla. Ungondla i-steppe lynx ngenyama yenkukhu eluhlaza engabizi kakhulu, kanye nenhlanzi nenyama egayiwe.
Kubalulekile ukwengeza ukudla kwe-caracal ngamavithamini namaminerali. Njengomthetho, ukudla kunikezwa umhlaseli wasekhaya izikhathi ezimbalwa ngosuku, futhi udinga ukubala ingxenye ngokuya ngeminyaka nobukhulu bomzimba wesilwane esingajwayelekile. Kufanele kube khona isitsha samanzi ahlanzekile futhi amasha endaweni yokufinyelela.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Izinyamazana ziyizilwane ezidla isikhathi eside. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokuthunjwa futhi kuncike emithethweni yokugcina, isilinganiso sokuphila se-steppe lyn sidlula iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu.
Izifo ze-steppe lynx, ukuvimbela
Ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi zamakati afuywayo, i-steppe lynx ekuqaleni ayingeni ezifweni futhi inamasosha omzimba anamandla amakhulu. Izimbangela eziyinhloko zezinkinga zempilo ukunakekelwa okungafanele kwesilwane esiyingqayizivele, izici zobudala noma ukunakekelwa kwezilwane okungakafiki ngesikhathi se-prophylaxis.
Okubalulekile!I-steppe lynx ingaba yisiphathamandla se-chlamydia, kepha akukho ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo kwalesi sifo ku-predator exotic yasekhaya.
Umuthi wokuqala wokugoma unikezwa ikati le-caracal inezinyanga ezintathu ubudala, bese kuthi ukuvuselela kabusha kwenziwe ngenyanga... Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukugoma isilwane silwe namarabi. Imigomo yokugomela i-panleukimia, i-rhinotracheitis ne-calcevirosis nayo iyimpoqo. Akunconywa ukwenza izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwamazinyo noma uma i-steppe lynx ingazizwa kahle. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kuyadingeka njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Ama-nuances nezinkinga zemfundo
Njengomthetho, amakati e-feral akhuliswe kahle futhi athanjiswe kahle amnene. Ngalokhu, ikati le-caracal lidinga ukutholwa lisencane, kubazali asebethanjisiwe. Ama-steppe lynxes yizilwane ezingezona ezenhlalo ezingashintshiwe ukuthi zihlale eqenjini, ngakho-ke, amakati anjalo asendle alwa njalo nezihlobo zawo futhi azixoshe endaweni yawo.
Isimo sengqondo ngabamele ezinye izinhlobo naso sishubile kakhulu. Kukaningi kwenzeka lapho izidumbu ezihlasela izinja ezinkulu kunazo.... Amakati asendle ahamba kakhulu, athanda imidlalo ehlukahlukene, asheshayo futhi asabela kahle ekuqeqeshweni.
Uma isilwane esingajwayelekile singahlelelwe ukusetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa, ngakho-ke inzalo noma ukuthena kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu. Amakati angenanzalo awavamile ukumaka indawo yawo ngomchamo, kanti amakati afike ngesikhathi athambile futhi awakhombisi ubudlova kubanikazi bawo.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-caracal
Asikho isikhathi esithile sokuzala sezinyoni zezinyoni. Amakati asendle ayakwazi ukukhwelana unyaka wonke, kepha inani eliphakeme kakhulu livela phakathi kuka-Okthoba noFebhuwari. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho kubonakala khona inani elikhulu lokudla ezimweni zemvelo, okuvumela i-steppe lynx ukuthi iqale ukuzala. Isikhathi sokukhwelana sihambisana nokudedelwa kwenani elikhulu lomchamo ngabesifazane abanama-pheromone akhethekile aheha abesilisa.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ngesikhathi semidlalo yokukhwelana, ama-caracal akhipha amasiginali athile womsindo afana nokukhwehlela okukhulu. Izinsuku ezimbalwa, abesifazane bahlangana nabesilisa abaningana, kepha ukukhetha kunikezwa njalo kubantu abakhulu kakhulu, abasebenzayo nabanamandla.
Ukukhulelwa kungathatha izinsuku ezingama-68 kuya kwezingu-81. Amakati azalwa endaweni eyimfihlo, emifantwini enamadwala noma emigodini ngaphansi kwezimpande zezitshalo. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, insikazi enamantshontsho eshintsha njalo indawo yesidleke. Cishe emva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu, amantshontsho e-caracal ayakwazi ukuzimela, kepha ahlala enakekelwa ngumama. Abantu abavuthiwe ngokuphelele basondela onyakeni.
Thenga i-steppe lynx - izincomo
Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge ikati elisemaqeleni, udinga ukuhlola amakhono akho futhi ulungele izindleko ezingenakugwemeka zokugcina.
Ungathenga kuphi, ubheke ini
Kungcono ukuthenga i-caracal enkulisa ekhethekile, lapho kunethuba lokubheka ukuziphatha kwamazinyane athengisiwe nabazali bawo. Njengomthetho, isilwane esivela enkulisa sesivele sijwayele ugqoko nezindlela eziyisisekelo zokuhlanzeka.
Kwesinye isikhathi ama-zoo abuye athengise izilwane zasendle, kepha isilwane esinjalo esingajwayelekile asikwazi ukuba nethambo, futhi kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukufaka kuye isiyalo. Ngokuqapha okukhulu, udinga ukuphatha okunikezwayo kwi-Intanethi, lapho kuthengiswa kakhulu izilwane ezibanjwe endaweni yemvelo.
Isilwane esinempilo sinokudla okuhle, ukuhamba okwanele nokudlala.... Udinga ukunaka indlela yokuziphatha kwekati phambi kwabantu nesimo sayo sengqondo kubantu ongabazi. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi izinyane lekati elithengiwe alinazo izimpawu zezifo, amehlo ahlanzekile nezindlebe. Ijazi kufanele libushelelezi futhi licwebezele. Umdlwane kufanele ube nepasipoti yezilwane, equkethe amamaki omtholampilo wezilwane kahulumeni mayelana nokugoma okwenziwayo.
Intengo yeCaracal
Namuhla, izindleko ezilinganiselwe ze-steppe lynx kitten ezweni lethu zingahluka ebangeni lama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-410-450 nokuningi. Abantu be-Melanistic, abahlukaniswa ngombala ongajwayelekile, kanye nabantu abafanele ukuzalaniswa, bazobiza kakhulu. Ikati le-caracal lithengwa kangcono uma lineminyaka eyisithupha noma ngaphansi. Isilwane esidala esinenkinga enkulu sijwayela abanikazi abasha futhi asihambelani kahle nesimo esingajwayelekile.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Ngokusho kwabafuyi abanolwazi lwe-steppe lynx, indlu yangasese enezindawo ezibiyelwe ezikhethekile ikulungele kakhulu ukugcina ikati lasendle. Indawo ejwayelekile yendawo ebiyelwe kufanele okungenani ibe yi-15-16 m2... Ngaphakathi, udinga ukuhlomisa izinyathelo ezikhethekile, amashalofu wokugxuma, kanye nokuthunyelwe okuklwebayo ngesimo se-log noma ibha yokhuni embozwe nge-hemp twine.
Okubalulekile!Kuyadingeka ukuqala ukukhulisa i-caracal yasekhaya kusuka ebuntwaneni. I-steppe lynx ifana nenja ngokuziphatha kwayo ngesikhathi sokudlala. Ngisho nezidumbu ezincane ziyathanda ukugijimisa izinto ezahlukahlukene zizilethe kumnikazi wazo.
Kumageyimu, kunconywa ukuthi uthenge amathoyizi aqinile futhi athembekile enziwe ngezinto zemvelo nezihlala isikhathi eside... Isilwane sijwayela i-leash nokhololo, amaphiko nama-hums njengekati elijwayelekile elifuywayo. I-steppe lynx, uma kunesidingo, isheshe futhi ifunde kahle endlini yangasese ngendlela yethreyi.
Isidumbu esifuywayo siyaphindisela kakhulu futhi sikhumbula isimo sengqondo sokudelela noma ukujeziswa ngokomzimba. Ngokuziphindisela, isilwane singaklwebha noma silume umnikazi, futhi sonakalise yonke ifenisha esendlini. Uma ungazethembi emandleni akho, ekuqeqesheni kunconywa ukuthi ubandakanye ochwepheshe abazofaka ikati lasendle lonke uhla lwamakhono adingekayo futhi basheshe bahlanganyele isilwane.
