Izinyamazane ze-Musk - Le artiodactyl encane, eyomndeni ohlukile onegama elifanayo. Lesi silwane sathola igama laso lesayensi ngenxa yephunga elikhethekile - i-muxus, ekhishwa yizindlala esiswini. Incazelo yezinhlobo zesilwane esincelisayo yanikezwa nguK. Linnaeus. Ngaphandle, icishe ifane nenyamazane encane engenazimpondo, kodwa ngesakhiwo iseduze nenyamazane.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Izinyamazane zeMusk
Ngokokuqala ngqa, abaseYurophu bezwa ngalokhu kungabonakali encazelweni kaMarco Polo, wayibiza njengensephe. Kwathi-ke emakhulwini amathathu eminyaka kamuva, isithunywa saseRussia esiya eChina uSiafaniy samkhuluma encwadini yakhe njengenyamazane encane engenazimpondo, futhi amaShayina uqobo lwawo ambiza ngokuthi inyamazane ye-musk. UThomas Bell ubhekise lokhu okukhanyayo ezimbuzini. U-Afanasy Nikitin naye wabhala encwadini yakhe mayelana nezinyamazane zase-Indian musk, kodwa kakade njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Izinyamazane zeMusk, phambilini, ngenkathi ukuzingela nomsebenzi womnotho womuntu kungazange kuthinte indawo yokusatshalaliswa, watholakala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho zeYakutia, isekhula eliyinsika Chukotka ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeSouth-Asia. EJapan, lolu hlobo manje seluqothuliwe, kepha izinsalela zitholakale lapho endaweni ye-Lower Pliocene. E-Altai, i-artiodactyl yatholakala ePliocene ngasekupheleni, eningizimu yePrimorye - ePleistocene ngasekupheleni.
Ividiyo: Izinyamazane zeMusk
Kunezincazelo ezithi kuze kube ngo-1980 zikwazi ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezingaphansi kwezingu-10, kepha umehluko ongabalulekile ubusebenza njengesizathu sokuwahlanganisa abe munye. Kukhona umehluko ngosayizi, imibala yombala. Zihlukaniswa nezinyamazane hhayi kuphela ngesakhiwo somzimba esihlukile, kodwa futhi ngokungabikho kwezimpondo.
I-Musk, lapho inyamazane ye-musk yathola khona igama layo lesiLatini elithi Moschus moschiferus, iqukethe indlala. Kowesilisa oyedwa, inani le-jet, njengoba libizwa nangokuthi, lingu-10-20 g. Okuqukethwe kokwakhiwa kunzima: yi-wax, izinhlanganisela ezinamakha, ama-ether.
Iphunga lesifutho lesici lithonywe yi-macrocyclic ketone ye-muscone. Amarekhodi e-musk abuyela emuva ekhulwini lesine leminyaka, asetshenziswa nguSerapino no-Ibn Sina, futhi sasetshenziswa futhi njengekhambi emithini yokwelapha yaseTibetan. E-Iran, zazisetshenziselwa iziphandla nasekwakhiweni kwamaSulumane. UMusk ubhekwa njengesithuthukisi esinamandla se-potency.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Izinyamazane ze-musk
I-silhouette yezinyamazane ze-musk ilula, inhle, kepha inemhlane omkhulu kakhulu womzimba. Lo mbono uqiniswa yimilenze yangemuva yemisipha, emide kunemilenze yangaphambili. Kubekwa isifuba esincanyana ezihlalweni ezingaphambili. Ingemuva lezilwane ezi-ruminant li-arched futhi liphakeme ngemuva. Izinzwani eziphakathi zifakwe izinselo ezinde ezincanyana, izinselo ezisemaceleni zibekwe phansi, zicishe zibe zinkulu njengalezo eziphakathi nendawo, futhi isilwane esimile sihleli phezu kwazo. Ukuphrinta kwezinselo eziseceleni kuyabonakala kumathrekhi. Usayizi womuntu omdala ngu-16 kg, ubude busuka ku-85 cm kuye ku-100 cm. Ukuphakama ku-sacrum kufika ku-80 cm, kubuna - 55-68 cm.
Isici esinqunyiwe ngokubukeka okujwayelekile kwesilwane esincelisayo sinikezwa ngentamo emfushane ebekwe phansi, ethweswe umqhele ngekhanda elincane, elinomusa, eliyindilinga. Izindlebe ezinde ezihambayo ziyindilinga emaphethelweni, amehlo makhulu. Indawo ezungeze amakhala ayimnyama. Abesilisa banama-canine abukhali amise okwe-saber afika ku-10 cm ubude. Zifushane kwabesifazane, ngakho-ke cishe azibonakali. Umsila omncane nawo awubonakali, umbozwe izinwele ezincanyana, emadodeni nakwabesifazane abancane mncane, kanti kubantu abadala uyisicaba futhi ujiyile, kodwa awunazinwele.
Izinwele zimangele futhi zinde, ziyajika kancane. Esifundeni se-sacrum, izinwele zifinyelela kubude obucishe bube ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Zifushane lapho zibuna (6.5 cm), zincane ngisho nangaphezulu ezinhlangothini nasesiswini, futhi ezimfushane kakhulu entanyeni nasekhanda. Izinwele zi-brittle futhi azilingani ngombala: zikhanya ezansi, bese zimpunga ngombala onsundu, bese lo mbala uphenduka ube nsundu, kanti ichopho licishe libe mnyama. Abanye babo banophawu olubomvu kubo. Isilwane sichitha kanye ngonyaka, kancane kancane silahlekelwa yingxenye yezinwele ezindala, sizishintshe sizenze esisha.
Ebusika, isilwane sinombala onsundu onsundu, sikhanya emaceleni nasesifubeni. Ezinhlangothini nasemuva, zigijima ngemigqa, kwesinye isikhathi zihlangana zibe yimivimbo, amabala we-ocher-ophuzi. Umugqa onsundu ngokukhanyayo ubuye ubonakale entanyeni emnyama ensundu, kwesinye isikhathi eyehlakazeke ibe amachashazi.
Izindlebe nekhanda kunsundu ngokumpunga, uboya obuphakathi kwezindlebe bumpunga, kanti nemiphetho imnyama. Umugqa omhlophe obanzi onendawo enombala onsundu enkabeni yehla ngaphansi kwangaphansi kwentamo. Uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lwemilenze luyimpunga.
Ihlala kuphi i-musk deer?
Isithombe: Izinyamazane zaseSiberia
Lesi silwane esinezinselo ezinemilenze etholakalayo sisuka emngceleni osenyakatho we-Asia esempumalanga, eningizimu yeChina, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezinabantu abaningi, eHimalaya, eBurma, eMongolia kusukela enyakatho kuya eningizimu-mpumalanga, kuya e-Ulan Bator.
ERussia kuyatholakala:
- eningizimu yeSiberia;
- e-Altai;
- eMpumalanga Ekude (ngaphandle kwasenyakatho-mpumalanga);
- eSakhalin;
- eKamchatka.
Zonke lezi zindawo zihlala ngokungalingani, kunezindawo lapho lesi silwane singekho nhlobo, okuningi kuya ngesimo sendawo, uhlaza, ukusondela kwezindlu nabantu abaminene. Lesi silwane esincelisayo sithanda ukuhlala emahlathini asezintabeni, lapho kukhula khona i-spruce, fir, umsedari, uphayini kanye ne-larch. Esikhathini esiningi lezi yizindawo lapho kuvela khona iziqongo zezintaba, lapho izilozi ezibalekayo zingabalekela izidlozi emaphethelweni amawa amatshe. Ngisho nasemahlathini amancane, zithanda izindawo ezinamadwala. Emini, bayama ngisho nasemadwaleni amancane amatshe ukuze baphumule. Bahlala emithambekeni (30-45 °) yemithambeka yezintaba zaseBarguzin.
Njengoba le ndawo iseningizimu impela, lokhu kuphakama kukhuphuka ezintabeni. E-Tibet nase-Himalaya, ibhande lamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-3-3.5 ngaphezu kolwandle. m., eMongolia naseKazakhstan - 1.3 m m., Sakhalin, Sikhote-Alin - 600-700 m. EYakutia, lesi silwane sihlala emahlathini asemifuleni. Ngokwengeziwe ku-taiga, ingazulazula emahlathini asezintabeni ezihlahlana, amadlelo asezingeni eliphansi.
Idlani imiski deer?
Isithombe: I-Musk deer Red Book
Ubulembu base-Arboreal bakha iningi lokudla okungabonakali. Lezi zitshalo zomndeni wakwaParmelia zingama-epiphyte. Zinamathele kwezinye izidalwa zezitshalo, kepha azizona izimuncagazi, futhi zithola ukudla nge-photosynthesis. Eminye yobulembu ikhula ngokhuni olufile. Ngokwemaphesenti, ama-epiphyte akha cishe ama-70% wevolumu yokudla ephelele ye-artiodactyl. Ehlobo, lesi silwane sivakashela izindawo zokuchelela, kuthi ebusika sibe neqhwa elanele, eliwa lisadla ubulembu.
Ehlobo, umthamo wobulembu ekudleni uyancipha ngenxa yokushintshelwa esihlahleni se-oki, i-birch, imephu, i-bird cherry, i-mountain ash, i-rhododendrons, i-rose hips, i-spirea, ne-lingonberries. Sekukonke, ukudla kwezinyamazane ze-musk kufaka phakathi izitshalo ezifika ku-150 ezahlukahlukene. Izinyamazane zeMusk zidla amakhambi. Ukwakheka kwabo kuyahlukahluka kancane ekubeni khona kwezitshalo ezindaweni zezilwane, yilezi:
- i-burnet;
- i-aconite;
- umlilo womlilo;
- iberry berry;
- travolga;
- i-geranium;
- okufana nokolweni;
- isambulela;
- okusanhlamvu;
- amahhashi;
- amadolo.
Imenyu ifaka izinaliti ze-yew ne-fir, kanye nokukhula okuncane kwalezi zitshalo. Lawa ma-ungulates adla amakhowe, womabili cap kanye nenkuni. Ziyaluma futhi zihlafuna izinhlobo ezinamapulangwe kancane kancane, kepha zivame ukudliwa ngendlela ye-mycorrhiza kanye nezinkuni ezibolayo. Futhi ingxenye yokudla udoti: amaqabunga omile (avela kwezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla, ngokwesibonelo, kusuka e-oki, ziyawohloka kancane kancane bonke ubusika), imbewu, amadlavu. Ukuwa kuningi engxenyeni yokuqala yobusika, lapho umoya onamandla udiliza amagatsha amancane, kanti amanye awo aqhamuka eqhweni. Izinyamazane zeMusk zingadla isikhathi eside eduze kwezihlahla eziwile, zidle ubulembu nezinaliti.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Deer musk deer
I-artiodactyl, ngenxa yokukhula kwayo okuncane, ayizibekezeleli izifunda ezinobusika obuneqhwa, ngezikhathi ezinjalo zifudukela lapho ikhava ingaphansi kwama-50 cm Kodwa uma kunesisekelo sokudla, ukuphela kwasebusika, lapho ungqimba lweqhwa luphakeme, izinyamazane ze-musk zingaphila ngokuthula. Isisindo esincane simvumela ukuthi angawi, futhi engxenyeni yesibili yasebusika, eneqhwa elingajwayelekile, unyathela lonke uchungechunge lwemizila.
On ungqimba ezijulile yena uhamba kuzuba ka 6-7 amamitha. Ngalesi sikhathi, eqhweni, ungabona imibhede, isilwane esiyisebenzisa kaninginingi. Ebusika, kuvame ukuhlala kokumba okwenziwe izinyamazane ezibomvu noma izingulube zasendle, kudla lapho, kucosha ubulembu, ubulembu, udoti.
Ehlobo, isilwane esincelisayo sinamathele kakhulu emifudlaneni, imifula yehlathi, lapho sithatha khona ukuphumula. Lapho kungenamachibi khona, yehlela ezimbobeni noma ezinyaweni zemithambeka. Isilwane esifakwe inselo sinezinguquko eziningana emisebenzini ngosuku. Bangadla emini, noma ngabe basebenza kakhulu kusihlwa nasebusuku. Ebusika noma esimweni sezulu esinamafu, bavame ukudla emini.
Isakhiwo sesilwane sinikela ekunyakazeni kwesici ngesikhathi sokudla: sihamba ikhanda laso lehlisiwe, liqoqa izinsalela zempepho nodoti. Lesi sikhundla simvumela ukuthi abone izinto zombili ngenhla kwekhanda nangaphansi, ngenxa yesimo esikhethekile samehlo.
Isilwane esincelisayo sisondela emahlanzeni aneqhwa, sibona ukuthi kukhona ukudla ngephunga, simbe iqhwa ngemilenze yaso yangaphambilini noma ngomlomo. I-ruminant inendlebe enhle, uma isihlahla siwile ndawo ndawo, khona-ke kungekudala izinyamazane ze-musk zizovela lapho. Uhlala ame ngemilenze yakhe yangemuva, ancike ngemilenze yakhe yangaphambili ngeziqu, emagatsheni noma ngaphandle kokuxhaswa. Le rack ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ukudla kuma-tiers aphezulu. Eziqwini ezithambekele noma emagatsheni aminyene, ama-artiodactyls angakhuphuka kusuka kumamitha amabili kuya kwamahlanu ngaphezu komhlaba.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: I-Sakhalin musk deer
Isilwane esincelisayo sinesizungu ngokwemvelo. Ngababili ixhuma kuphela ngesikhathi se-rut. Zidla njalo endaweni efanayo, kuze kufike kumahektha angama-300. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-artiodactyls ayingxenye yeqembu elincane lomndeni wabantu aba-5-15. Amaqembu anjalo abizwa ngokuthi ama-demes, lapho abantu bahlangana khona ngaphakathi ngokumaka izindawo nabesilisa abadala.
Zinemiphongolo yokuvala uketshezi enephunga elithile engxenyeni engenhla yomsila. Izindlala uqobo lwazo zisesiswini, leli phunga lisiza ukumaka indawo. Abesilisa baqapha indawo yabo, baxoshe abafokazi. Baphinde baxhumane besebenzisa imisindo. Isibonelo, ngomsindo omile, ohehayo, bakhombisa ingozi. Imisindo yokulila kungakhulunywa ngayo njengophawu lokwesaba.
Umhlanga ezilwaneni ezincelisayo uqala ekupheleni kukaNovemba futhi uhlala inyanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, zihamba kakhulu futhi ziyasebenza. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukwanda kwemfihlo yemisipha kuyanda, owesilisa umaka izitshalo ngayo, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esivamile sabesifazane. Umzimba wabo uyaphendula - kuqala ukushisa. Le yindlela imvelo ehlanganisa ngayo izikhathi zokuzala ngesikhathi.
Lapho kwakuhlangana khona imikhondo yezilwane, imizila ivela phakathi nomsele. Imibhangqwana nayo igxuma ngokulandelana ngokugxuma okukhulu. Ngokwemvelo, kunesilinganiso esilinganayo sobulili, bakha ngababili eqenjini elifanayo njalo, kepha uma kuvela omunye umbangi, khona-ke ukulwa kuyenzeka phakathi kwabesilisa. Zishayana ngezinselo zangaphambili futhi zisebenzise amazinyo azo njengezikhali. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, kusala iminonjana yegazi nezigaxa zoboya.
Intsha ibamba iqhaza kulo mkhuba kusuka onyakeni wesibili wokuphila. Kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili, owesilisa angakwazi ukumboza izinyamazane ze-musk kuze kube izikhathi eziyisithupha. Uma bengekho abesilisa abenele, khona-ke umuntu angaba nabalingani abaningi. Ukunikela kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-180-195. Izingane ezinesisindo esingu-400 g zivela ngoJuni, njengomthetho, eyodwa ngasikhathi, kaningi kabili. Ukuzala kuzala kungakapheli isigamu sehora, endaweni ephakeme.
Bese, ngendlela efanayo, insikazi yondla ithole. Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, izinwele zithambile futhi zimfushane, zimnyama zinamabala aphuzi, kwesinye isikhathi akha imivimbo. Kunendawo ekhanyayo ngaphansi kwezindlebe ezibomvu, nezindawo ezimbili ezibomvu entanyeni. Umphimbo, isisu nohlangothi lwangaphakathi lwamathanga alula, ngombala ompunga noma ophuzi.
Insikazi kuqala yondla amathole kabili ngosuku, bese kuthi kanye, isikhathi sokudla sithatha izinyanga ezifika kwezinhlanu. Ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala, inkonyane lizuza cishe ngama-5 kg. Emavikini amathathu okuqala, izingane ziyacasha, ngemuva kwesikhashana zilandela omama bazo ezindaweni eziphephile emfuleni. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba, abantu abasha baqala ukuzihambela.
Izitha zemvelo zezinyamazane ze-musk
Isithombe: Izinyamazane zeMusk eRussia
Izimpisi beziyingozi enkulu kuma-ungulates amancane. Manje inani lezidlakudla ezimpunga selinciphile, ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwabo okunenhloso, bakhetha izinyamazane noma i-elk ebuthakathaka njengento yokuzingelwa.
Phakathi kwezitha, ubukhulu buyi-wolverine ne-lynx. I-wolverine iyabuka, bese ilandela isisulu, iyishayela isuka emithambekeni yeqhwa elincane iye emigodini eneqhwa elijulile elixegayo. Njengoba iqhube inselo enenselo, i-wolverine iyayichoboza. Lapho inani lezilwane ezi ruminous landa, inani lama-wolverine libuye lenyuke, okukhombisa ubudlelwano bawo bemvelo bokuhlangana
I-lynx iyisitha esiyingozi sesilwane esinamazinyo, siyasiqapha esihlahleni ezindaweni ezihamba njalo, bese sihlasela ngenhla. Abantu abasha bazingelwa izimpungushe, amabhere, amahlwitha amancane. Ama-harza namahlosi nawo ayizitha zezilwane ezifuywayo. UKharza uhlale ephumelela kakhulu ekuqoqeni lesi silwane esincelisayo, ikakhulukazi abesifazane nezinsizwa.
Imvamisa izindawo zokuhlala ze-harza ne-musk deer azihambelani. Zifuna inyamazane, izilwane ezidlayo zihlelwe ngamaqoqo amathathu bese ziya ezintabeni. Ngemuva kokwethusa inyamazane, bayayijaha ibanga elide, bayiqhubele esigodini besuka ezintabeni. Ngemuva kokuqeda i-ungulate, ama-kharzes adla ngokushesha.
Izinyoni zihlasela abancane nabancane:
- izinkozi zegolide;
- oklebe;
- izikhova;
- isikhova;
- izinkozi.
Kunabancintisana bokudla abambalwa bezinyamazane ze-musk, eyodwa ingafaka nezimbadada, ezidliwa ubulembu ebusika. Kepha lo mncintiswano unemibandela, ngoba badla izinyanda ezinkulu zetshe. Futhi ama-ungulates amancane ayayifuna futhi ayilume emagatsheni, ahlukaniswa yimishado. Ukulimala okwedlulele kwenziwa ngama-pikas, okuthi ehlobo adle utshani obufanayo nezilwane ezikhanyayo, futhi aziziningi kangako e-taiga emnyama emnyama.
Ezinkulisa, isikhathi sokuphila kwesilwane siyiminyaka eyi-10, nasendaweni yemvelo, lapho, ngaphezu kwezilwane ezidliwayo, ibhujiswa futhi ngabantu, izinyamazane ze-musk kuyaqabukela zihlala iminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu. UVile nemikhaza kumnika inkinga enkulu.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Izinyamazane zeMusk
Ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwemusk kwezokwelapha isikhathi eside kuholele ekubhujisweni okukhulu kwezinyamazane ze-musk ezindaweni zazo ezihlala njalo. Isilwane, ngenhloso yokuthola le ndlala, sesiside isikhathi sabhujiswa eChina. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuzingela ngezinselo eRussia kwaqala ngekhulu le-13. Kusukela ngekhulu le-18, indiza eyomisiwe ithengiselwe eChina.
Ekuqaleni, abazingeli babekhokhelwa ama-ruble ayi-8 ngephawundi. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, inani lalikhuphuke laya kuma-ruble angama-500, futhi ukukhiqizwa ngonyaka maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka kwakungamakhanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-80. Ngo-1881, insimbi eyodwa yanikezwa ama-ruble ayi-15. igolide, kodwa izicucu ezingama-50 kuphela ezambiwa ngalowo nyaka. Ngaphansi kokubusa kweSoviet, lesi silwane sabulawa endleleni, ngenkathi sizingela isilwane esithwala uboya. Ngenxa yokubhujiswa okunjalo ngesihluku, inani labantu lehla eminyakeni yama-80s yekhulu elidlule laya kumakhophi ayizinkulungwane eziyi-170. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-2000, eRussia, yehla yaya kumakhanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40.
Ukusatshalaliswa okungalingani kwezilwane ezincelisayo kulo lonke uhla, okutholakala ngamaqembu ezindaweni ezithile, ikakhulu kungenxa yokongiwa kwemvelo. Ezizeni kumahektha ayizinkulungwane, zingatholakala kuze kufike emakhanda angama-80, ngokwesibonelo, e-Altai Nature Reserve. Lapho ukuzingelwa kwezinyamazane ze-musk kwakwenziwa njalo futhi kwenziwa ngenkuthalo, inani lalo ezindaweni ezivamile zokuhlala alidluli kubantu abayi-10 endaweni efanayo.
E-China, imfihlo ekhiqizwa yizinyamazane ze-musk iyingxenye yezidakamizwa ezingamakhulu amabili. Futhi eYurophu kunezelwa kumakha. Kulezi zinsuku, indawo yokwenziwa isetshenziswa kaningi kumakha, kepha amakha amaningi aziwayo aqukethe isimo semvelo, ngokwesibonelo, iChanel No. 5, Madame Rocher.
Ezifundeni eziseningizimu yendawo yokusabalalisa, cishe i-70% yabantu bonke igxilile. Umsebenzi omkhulu womuntu wokucekela phansi amahlathi kuholele ekwehleni kwesibalo sezilwane eNepal, eNdiya kuya ku-¼, lapho manje sekuyizinkulungwane ezingama-30.
E-Altai, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-80s yekhulu elidlule, kwakukhona izinhlobo ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-30, ngemuva kweminyaka engama-20 isibalo sehle izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-6, lokhu kwaba yisizathu sokungena kwesilwane kuhlu lwe-Altai Red Data Books, njengenhlobo eyehlisa inani nobubanzi. Abantu baseSakhalin bahlukaniswa njengabavikelwe, abaseVerkhoyansk nabaseFar Eastern banamanani abucayi.Izinhlobo ezijwayeleke kakhulu zaseSiberia zicishe zanyamalala eminyakeni yamuva. Lesi silwane esincelisayo sifakiwe kwiRed Data Book yamazwe omhlaba njengezilwane ezisengozini.
Ukuvikelwa kwezinyamazane ze-Musk
Isithombe: I-Musk deer Red Book
Njengoba isilwane sibhujiswa ngenxa ye-musk gland, ukuhweba kuso kulawulwa yi-Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Ama-subspecies ase-Himalaya afakwe kuhlu ngaphansi kuka-No. 1 ngalo mbhalo, futhi ukuhweba ngemusk akuvunyelwe. Ama-subspecies aseSiberia nawaseChina afakiwe ohlwini No. 2, ngokusho ukuthi yimiphi imiski evunyelwe ukuthengiswa ngaphansi kolawulo oluqinile.
Eminyakeni yama-30s yekhulu elidlule, ukuzingelwa kwaleli ungulate kwakungavunyelwe ensimini yaseRussia, bese kuvunyelwa kuphela ngaphansi kwamalayisense. Isidingo esiphansi semusk phakathi kwabantu bendawo kanye namaRussia savumela ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi sandise kancane inani lesilwane. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba okunamandla, ukoma kwamahlathi, ukushiswa kwamahlathi njalo, nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kunciphise izindawo ezihlala abantu.
Ukwakhiwa kweBarguzin neSikhote-Alin nezinye izinqolobane kube nomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni kwabantu. Ukuzalisa le artiodactyl ekuthunjweni kufakazele ukusebenza kwayo enqubeni yokukhiqiza inani labantu. Futhi, ukugcinwa okunjalo kwezilwane kukuvumela ukuthi uthole uketshezi ngaphandle kokubhubhisa isilwane. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, u-2/3 wesisulu yizibonelo ezincane nabesifazane, futhi ukusakazwa kuthathwa kuphela kwabesilisa abadala, okungukuthi, iningi lezinyamazane ze-musk lifela ize.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, isilwane esincelisayo saqala ukuzala sithunjwa e-Altai ngekhulu le-18, ukusuka lapho sanikezwa ama-zoo aseYurophu. Endaweni efanayo, ukufuya emapulazini kwahlelwa ngekhulu elidlule. Ukutshalwa kwe-ungulate ukulima kwenziwa eChina kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu elidlule, lapho inani labo lidlula izinkulungwane ezimbili.
Izilwane ezifuyiwe ezithunjiwe zingaba umthombo oyinhloko wemfihlo ye-musk. Ukukhuphuka kwentengo yensimbi yezilwane kule nkulungwane entsha yeminyaka, ukuvela kwabathengisi abangamasekeni kanye nokukhululeka kokulethwa ezindaweni eziqhelile kuphinde kwaqala ukuqothulwa kwezilwane okulawulwa kancane.
Izinyamazane ze-Musk isilwane esithakazelisa kakhulu futhi esingajwayelekile, ukusilondoloza, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa izindlela zokulwa nabazingeli abazingeli nabathengisi abangamasekeni, ukwandisa indawo yeziqiwu zezilwane zasendle, lapho izilozi zingahlala khona ezindaweni eziseduze. Izindlela zokuvimbela imililo ehlathini, ukunciphisa ukugawulwa, kuzosiza ekulondolozeni izindawo zemvelo zalezi zilwane ezinhle nezingavamile.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08.02.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 16.09.2019 ngo-16: 14
