Impisi Ebomvu - Lona ngomunye wabamele abangavamile bezilwane ezincelisayo ezidlayo. Namuhla saziwa ngokusemthethweni njengohlobo olusengozini yokuqothulwa. Kungumndeni we-canine wezilwane ezidla ezinye. Ngaphandle, impisi ebomvu ihlukile kumdli ojwayelekile. Ifana ngokusobala nempungushe ebomvu, ezinye izici zempungushe. Ukuhluka kwesidalwa kulele kumbala wemvelo omangalisayo wejazi.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Impisi ebomvu
Izwe lomlando lommeli womndeni we-canine liyinsimu ye-Central Central ne-Southeast Asia yanamuhla. Kuyisihlobo senja yempisi. Ayikho imininingwane eqondile nethembekile ngemvelaphi yesilwane esincelisayo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona umbono wokuthi i-marten yakhonza njengokhokho wasendulo wempisi ebomvu. Kamuva, kwavela izinja zomhume kuye, ezala izinhlobo ezintsha zezilwane ezizingelayo, kufaka phakathi izimpisi ezibomvu.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Isilwane sempisi ebomvu
Ubude bomzimba wommeleli wezidliwayo ze-canine bungaphezulu kancane kwemitha. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezimpisi ezijwayelekile ezimpunga, umzimba uphakeme kakhulu futhi mkhulu. Isisindo somuntu omdala singama-12 kuya kuma-22 kilogram. Abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu futhi baningi kakhulu kunabesifazane. Impisi ebomvu inokukhula kahle, imisipha eqinile, kanye nokwakha okuqinile. Isici sezinhlobo zombala wejazi. Ayinawo umbala obomvu ophawuliwe, kunombala obomvu onombala wethusi. Umbala ungahluka kancane kuye ngeminyaka, izinhlobo kanye nendawo ohlala kuyo.
Ividiyo: Impisi Ebomvu
Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezi-10 zale canine sezihlonziwe. Izimpisi ezindala, ezindala zinombala wejazi ogqame kakhulu emgogodleni. Indawo yesisu nezitho ihlukaniswa ngomthunzi okhanyayo wejazi. Iphuzu lomsila lihlala limnyama, licishe libe mnyama ngombala. Ngenkathi ebandayo, ijazi likhulu futhi liphakeme. Ngenkathi efudumele, imfushane kakhulu, inzima, futhi icebile futhi imnyama ngombala. Umsila wesilwane muhle ngokukhethekile. Ubude bayo cishe buyihhafu yemitha. Ukhululekile kakhulu.
Isifonyo sinesimo esinde, sincane, sinezici ezicijile, amehlo amancane. Phezulu kwekhanda kunezindlebe ezinkulu, eziyindilinga phezulu. Ngokungafani nabanye abamele izidlo ze-canine, impisi ebomvu inezinhlungu ezimbalwa - ezimbili ezansi nezimbili phezulu. Esinye isici esihlukile sezinhlobo eziningi zezingono - eziyisithupha, eziyisikhombisa ngazimbili. Imilenze futhi inezici ezithile ngokuqhathanisa nabanye abamele izilwane ezincelisayo ze-canine ezidla inyama. Iminwe ephakathi ixhunywe komunye nomunye.
Ihlala kuphi impisi ebomvu?
Isithombe: Impisi ebomvu eRussia
Namuhla, umhlaseli uhlala ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni zamapaki kazwelonke. Ezimweni zemvelo, cishe akwenzeki. Indawo eyintandokazi yesilwane esidlayo ezimweni zemvelo izintaba, indawo enamagquma embozwe uhlaza oluminyene. Bazizwa behle ezindaweni ezinezintaba ezinamawa amakhulu, imihume nemihosha. Kakutholakali neze emaqeleni nasemathafeni awugwadule.
Ngaphakathi kweRussia Federation, itholakala ngenani elilinganiselwe kakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko lena insimu yengxenye esempumalanga yeSiberia, empumalanga ekude.
Lesi silwane sihlala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Kungaba amahlathi e-coniferous, amagquma eziqongweni zezintaba ezinamadlelo angapheli, amahlathi emisedari, njll. Isimo esiyinhloko sempilo ephelele yempisi ebomvu ungqimba oluncane lwesembozo seqhwa. Izendlalelo ezijiyile zeqhwa, izikhukhula ezijulile zeqhwa zithikameza impilo yesilwane futhi ziyiphoqa ukuthi ifune ezinye izindawo zokuhlala. Izimpisi ezibomvu azihlali kahle esifundeni esisodwa. Bajwayele ukuhamba amabanga amade befuna ukudla kanye nokwakhiwa kwezindawo ezintsha.
Izindawo eziyinhloko zokuhlala zezinhlobo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa:
- I-Asia Ephakathi;
- ENingizimu Asia;
- IMongolia;
- ITibet;
- China;
- Isiqhingi saseSumatra;
- Isiqhingi saseJava;
- India;
- I-Indonesia;
- Indawo yaseSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude yeRussia.
Ensimini ye-Russian Federation, kuyaqabukela kakhulu futhi akuhambisani. Futhi ngobuningi eVietnam, eKazakhstan. Ngokusho kososayensi, abekho ngaphezu kuka-2000-3000 abantu abahlala endaweni yemvelo.
Idlani impisi ebomvu?
Isithombe: Impisi ebomvu evela eNcwadini Ebomvu
Impisi ebomvu isilwane esidlayo. Isisekelo sokudla kuyinyama yama-ungulates. Lezi zilwane zibhekwa njengabazingeli abahle kakhulu. Baqoqa imihlambi, bazingele ndawonye.
Ngubani impango yempisi ebomvu:
- izilwane ezincane - amagundane, amagundane, izibankwa;
- hares;
- izimbila;
- ama-raccoon;
- ama-ungulates amakhulu - izinyamazane zezinyamazane, izinyamazane, izimbuzi zasentabeni;
- izingulube zasendle.
Ngaphezu kokudla kwezilwane, izilwane ezidlayo zingadla izinhlobo ezithile zezimila. Izilwane ziyazingela ikakhulukazi emini ngemihlambi. Umuzwa othuthukisiwe kakhulu wephunga usiza ukunquma lapho isisulu sikhona. Lapho zifuna inyamazane, izilwane ezidla ezinye zihlala zizihlola kabili. Bayagxuma, babambe iphunga ngamakhala abo futhi balungise umzila wokuhamba.
Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, wonke amalungu ephakethe enza ngokushesha, ngokuvumelana nangokucacile. Akujwayelekile ukuthi babambe isisulu ngomphimbo. Bahlasela ngemuva.
Bonke abantu bomhlambi bahlakazeka emgqeni bese beqhubela inyamazane yabo ngaphandle. Bese bemzungeza kancane kancane, behlisa ngokushesha amathuba okusinda. Imvamisa bangashayela isisulu emanzini amaningi, uma kukhona eduzane. Uma impisi izingela inyamazane encane, ngokwesibonelo, inyoni noma amagundane, izilwane azigxili njalo emhlambini. Bangazingela bodwa.
Izimpisi ezibomvu zaziwa njengabantu abathanda igazi futhi abanolaka kakhulu. Zidla inyamazane yazo ngaphandle kokulinda ukufa kwayo. Ubuciko bokuzingela ngobuciko nokusebenza ngokushesha futhi ngendlela ehlelekile kukuvumela ukuthi uzingele ama-ungulates amakhulu ikakhulukazi, isibonelo, izinyathi, indololwane, njll.
Esinye isici somndeni we-canine ukukhuthazela. Azinikwanga ikhono lokugijima ngejubane, kepha ukukhuthazela okukhulu nokubekezela kuzivumela ukuba zijahe inyamazane ize ekugcineni iphelelwe ngamandla. Abadliwayo bangahamba amabanga amade befuna ukudla. Bayakwazi ukusuka kwenye indawo baye kwenye, bahambe amakhulu amakhilomitha.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Impisi ebomvu
Indlela yokuphila, isimilo nemikhuba yalolu hlobo ifundwe ngezinga elincane uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye abamele lolu hlobo. Kumi kahle ukuthi izimpisi ezibomvu akuzona izilwane ezihlala zodwa. Bahlangana emihlambini, bazingele ndawonye futhi bakhulise amawundlu. Amalungu eqembu elilodwa angamalungu omndeni. Ngokuyinhloko, inani lomhlambi lingabantu abadala abayi-6-12. Ngokuvamile, umhlambi owodwa uqukethe abamele abangaphezu kweshumi nambili bezilwane ezidla ezinye.
Ngingahamba ngiyozingela ebumnyameni nangesikhathi sasemini. Bonke abantu abavuthiwe ngokobulili bomhlambi babamba iqhaza kunqubo yokuthola ukudla. Ububanzi bendawo lapho kuzingelwa khona izilwane ezidliwayo abudluli amakhilomitha-skwele angama-45. Abadliwayo banamasu amaningana abawasebenzisayo lapho bezingela. Bangadonsela ama-ungulates ngemisindo ethile, futhi, baklelise, balixoshe.
Elinye isu ukwaba izindima. Amanye amalungu ephakethe ajaha inyamazane, amanye ayinqanda ngesikhathi sokujaha. Izimpisi zidla isisulu ndawonye. Ngemuva kokudla, ngokushesha bafuna umthombo wamanzi wokuqeda ukoma kwabo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: I-Red Wolf Cub
Izimpisi ezibomvu zaziwa ngokungaguquguquki nokwethembeka emndenini wazo. Bakha imindeni, lapho kukhona khona impilo yabo yonke. Owesilisa nowesifazane ndawonye bakhulisa futhi bondle inzalo yabo. Iyakwazi ukunikeza inzalo unyaka wonke. Kodwa-ke, ngokwezibalo, imidlwane izalwa kaningi esikhathini sasebusika, noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokungena ebudlelwaneni bomshado, impisi eyinduna izala amawundlu cishe izinyanga ezimbili.
Ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwabo, ulungisa umhhume. Imidlwane izalwa ingenakuzisiza, iyimpumputhe, isamba esingu-5-8. Ngokubukeka zifana kakhulu nezingane zomalusi waseJalimane. Izinsuku eziyi-10-14 ngemuva kokuzalwa, izingane ziqala ukubona. Ziyakhula futhi ziqine ngokushesha okukhulu. Ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5-2 ngemuva kokuzalwa, amawundlu aqala ukukhonkotha. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, impisi eqala ukondla inzalo yakhe ngezinsalela zokudla kwenyama, ayibuyise ngemuva kokudla.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwenzalo, umhlambi awuyi kude nasemgodini, noma uzingela. Lapho zinezinyanga ezintathu ubudala, izingane ziqala ziye endaweni evulekile ngaphandle komhume. Intsha isheshe iyazi kahle indlela yokuphila futhi yamukele imikhuba yamalungu amadala omndeni. Kodwa-ke, izimpisi ezindala ziyabavikela isikhathi eside. Lapho zifinyelela ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa noma eziyisishiyagalombili ubudala, izilwane ezincane zivunyelwe ukubamba iqhaza ekuzingeleni. Cishe unyaka, inzalo ifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi.
Abesilisa, kanye nabesifazane, bahlanganyela ekukhuliseni amawundlu empisi. Baziwa njengobaba abakhathalelayo nabakhathazekile kakhulu. Avikela imidlwane. Dlala nabo. Isikhathi esiphakathi sempisi ebomvu ezimweni zemvelo iminyaka eyi-7-10. Ekuthunjweni, isikhathi sokuphila sikhuphukela eminyakeni eyi-15-17.
Izitha zemvelo zempisi ebomvu
Isithombe: Isilwane sempisi ebomvu
Izitha zemvelo eziholele ekuqothulweni kwalezi zinhlobo ziyizihlobo zezilwane ezidla ezinye, abanye abamele umndeni we-canine izimpisi ezimpunga, ama-coyotes. Bahlasele izimpisi ezibomvu ngenhloso yokuncintisana, bavikela indawo yabo nelungelo lokuzingela. Izimpisi ezimpunga zidlula ngobomvu ubukhulu, amandla, nezinombolo. Embusweni wezilwane, izitha zempisi ebomvu nazo zithathwa njengengwe yengwe neqhwa. Babuye bathande ukubulala isilo ukugwema ukuncintisana.
Esinye isitha esiyingozi sempisi ebomvu, esibe nomthelela ekuqothulweni kwayo, ngumuntu nemisebenzi yakhe. Emazweni amaningi, abantu babona i-canine njengembangi futhi bavele bamfaka ushevu. Ukuzingelwa kwesilo kwenziwa ngezinga elikhulu. Isikhumba noboya besilwane, kanye nenyama, kwakubaluleke ngokukhethekile. Ukubhujiswa kwendawo yokuhlala kwesilwane esidlayo ngumuntu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezikhala zemvelo ezingakathinteki kwaholela ekufeni kwezilwane. Ukudubula umthombo wokudla - ama-ungulates ahlala emahlathini, nakho kuyimbangela yokuqothulwa kohlobo.
Esinye isizathu sokufa kwesilwane ngobuningi yizifo ezinjengobhubhane namarabi. Lezi zifo zithuthuka ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zidluliselwa kwabanye abantu abaphilile, zibangele ukufa okukhulu.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Impisi ebomvu eRussia
Namuhla, impisi ebomvu yamukelwa ngokusemthethweni njengezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Ensimini yeRussian Federation, ibhujiswe cishe. Isisindo esikhulu sabamele umndeni we-canine odla inyama sigxile eNdiya.
Kuleli zwe, kuvunyelwe ngisho nokuzingela umdlalo ngokuthengwa kwelayisense. Sekukonke sekukhonjwe izinhlobo ezingaphansi eziyishumi zempisi ebomvu. Ababili kwabayishumi bacishe babhujiswa ngokuphelele - i-East Asia ne-West Asia. IKashmir, iLhasa, iKumaon, iNepal, iBhutan nakho akuvamile kakhulu.
Ezimweni zemvelo, akukho ngaphezu kwabantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-2,5-3 abahlala namuhla. Iningi lazo ligxile eNdiya naseMongolia.
Umlindi obomvu wempisi
Isithombe: Impisi Ebomvu Incwadi Ebomvu
Ukuze kugcinwe lezi zinhlobo, lesi silwane sibhalwe kuRed Book of the Russian Federation naseRed Book ye-IUCN. Lesi silwane sinikezwe isikhundla sohlobo olusengozini yokuqothulwa. Ukuzingela akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele futhi ukwephula le mfuneko kuyicala lobugebengu. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile amapaki kazwelonke e-India, lapho ungazingela ngokusemthethweni isilwane esidlula ngokuthenga ilayisense.
Izinyathelo zokuvikela izinhlobo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa:
- ukungena kuhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN;
- ukufakwa eSithasiselweni No. 2 somhlangano wamasayithi wamazwe omhlaba njengohlobo olungajwayelekile, olwehlukile nolusengozini yokuqothulwa;
- ukwakhiwa kwamapaki kazwelonke eNdiya, lapho impisi ebomvu izalelwa khona futhi izalwe kabusha;
- ucwaningo kanye nokuhlonza indawo yokuhlala isilwane esiyingqayizivele ukuze kudalwe izimo zokongiwa nokukhula kohlobo lwazo. Lezi zinhlobo zifaka ukuvikelwa kwendawo, ukuvinjelwa kwentuthuko yabantu, kanye nokwanda kwenani labangasetshenziswanga kuleyo ndawo.
Impisi Ebomvu yisilwane esihle kakhulu, esingajwayelekile. Ngokwemvelo ungumzingeli onekhono, okwazi ukwakha amasu ahlukahlukene enqubweni yokuthola ukudla. Ngeshwa, abantu abaningi abazi ngisho nokuba khona kwesilwane esinjalo ngenxa yokuthi siqothulwe ngokuphelele. Kulokhu, ezifundeni zendawo yemvelo yabamele lolu hlobo, kunakwa kakhulu ukusebenza nomphakathi nokuchaza isidingo sokuvikela nokulondoloza lolu hlobo.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 27.01.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 17.09.2019 ngo-9: 11
