Izwe lanamuhla kunzima ukucabanga ngaphandle kwegesi yemvelo. Isetshenziswa kabanzi njengophethiloli wokushisa amakhaya, izitshalo zezimboni, izitofu zegesi yasendlini namanye amadivayisi. Izimoto eziningi nazo zihamba ngophethiloli. Iyini igesi yemvelo futhi injani?
Igesi yemvelo
Kuyinto yamaminerali ekhishwe ezingxenyeni ezijulile zoqweqwe lomhlaba. Ugesi wemvelo uqukethwe "ezindaweni zokugcina" ezinkulu ezingamakamelo angaphansi komhlaba. Ukuqoqwa kwegesi kuvame ukuhlangana nokuqongelelwa kukawoyela, kepha kaningi kutholakala kujule. Uma kwenzeka usondele kuwoyela, igesi yemvelo ingaqedwa kuyo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, itholakala kuphela esimweni segesi.
Kukholakala ukuthi lolu hlobo lwegesi lwakhiwa ngenxa yokubola kwemfucumfucu engena enhlabathini. Ayinawo umbala noma iphunga, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngabathengi, izinto ezinamakha zifakwa ekwakhiweni. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthi ukuvuza kuzwakale futhi kulungiswe ngesikhathi.
Ugesi wemvelo uyaqhuma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingazishisa ngokuzenzekelayo, kepha lokhu kudinga izinga lokushisa eliphakeme okungenani lama-650 degrees Celsius. Ubungozi bokuqhuma bubonakala ngokusobala lapho kuvuza khona igesi yasekhaya, kwesinye isikhathi okuholela ekuweni kwezakhiwo kanye nokulimala kwabantu. Inhlansi encane yanele ukuqhuma igesi enkulu, yingakho kubaluleke kangaka ukuvimbela ukuvuza okuvela ezitofini zegesi zasendlini nasemasilindeni.
Ukwakheka kwegesi yemvelo kwehlukile. Kukhulunywa nje, kuyinhlanganisela yamagesi amaningana ngasikhathi sinye.
IMethane
I-Methane uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwegesi yemvelo. Ngokombono wamakhemikhali, yi-hydrocarbon elula kunazo zonke. Cishe ayincibiliki emanzini futhi inesisindo esilula kunomoya. Ngakho-ke, lapho ivuza, i-methane iyavuka, futhi ayiqongeleli ezindaweni eziphansi, njengamanye amagesi. Yile gesi esetshenziswa ezitofini zasendlini, naseziteshini zikaphethiloli zezimoto.
I-Propane
I-Propane ikhishwa ekwakhiweni okujwayelekile kwegesi yemvelo ngesikhathi sokuhlangana okuthile kwamakhemikhali, kanye nasekucutshungweni okuphezulu kukawoyela (ukuqhekeka). Alinawo umbala noma iphunga, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo liyingozi empilweni nasempilweni yomuntu. I-Propane inomthelela ocindezelayo ohlelweni lwezinzwa, lapho inani elikhulu liphefumulelwe, ubuthi nokuhlanza kuyabonakala. Ngokuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu, umphumela obulalayo kungenzeka. Futhi i-propane yigesi eqhumayo futhi evuthayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuya ngezinyathelo zokuphepha, isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini.
Butane
Le gesi nayo yakhiwa ngesikhathi sokucwengwa kukawoyela. Iyaqhuma, iyasha kakhulu futhi, ngokungafani namagesi amabili edlule, inephunga elithile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ayidingi ukwengezwa kwamakha exwayiso. IBhutan inomthelela omubi empilweni yomuntu. Ukuhogela kuholela ekungasebenzi kahle kwamaphaphu nokudangala kohlelo lwezinzwa.
I-nitrogen
I-nitrogen ingenye yezakhi zamakhemikhali eziningi kakhulu emhlabeni. Kubuye kube khona negesi yemvelo. I-nitrogen ayibonakali noma izwakale ngoba ayinambala, ayinuki, futhi ayinambitha. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ukudala indawo engena mkhuba ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe (ngokwesibonelo, i-welding yensimbi), nasesimweni soketshezi - njengefriji (kwezokwelapha - ukususa izinsumpa nokunye ukukhula kweziqu okungeyona ingozi).
I-Helium
I-Helium ihlukaniswe negesi yemvelo nge-distillation ye-fractional emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Futhi ayinakho ukunambitheka, umbala noma iphunga. I-Helium isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yempilo yomuntu. Mhlawumbe okulula kunazo zonke ukugcwalisa amabhaluni emikhosi. Kusuka kwezokwelapha ezibucayi, imboni yezempi, i-geology, njll.
