Ikhayithi elibhemayo elinomsila omhlophe (Elanus leucurus) lingele-oda le-Falconiformes.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zekhayithi elibhemayo elinomsila omhlophe
Ikhayithi elinomsila omhlophe elinomsila lingaba ngamasentimitha angama-43 ubukhulu futhi linamaphiko angamasentimitha ayi-100 kuye kwayi-107.
Lesi silwane esidliwayo esincane esinezimpaphe ezimhlophe ezimhlophe, esifana nokhokho ngenxa yomlomo waso omncane, ikhanda elinamandla, izimpiko ezinde nomsila, imilenze emifushane. Owesilisa nowesilisa bayefana ngombala wezimpaphe nosayizi womzimba, owesifazane kuphela omnyama kancane futhi unesisindo esithe xaxa. Izimpaphe zezinyoni ezindala engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba ikakhulu zimpunga, ngaphandle kwamahlombe, amnyama. Ngezansi kumhlophe qwa. Izindawo ezincane ezimnyama zingabonakala ngamehlo. Ikepisi nentamo kubukeka kukhulu kunangemuva. Ibunzi nobuso kumhlophe. Umsila uyimpunga ephaphathekile. Izimpaphe zomsila zimhlophe, azibonakali uma zembuliwe. Iris yeso ibomvu-orange.
Izinyoni ezincane ezinombala wezimpaphe zifana nabazali bazo, kodwa zipendwe ngomthunzi onsundu wombala ofanayo.
Imigqa ensundu ikhona, ikepisi nentamo kumhlophe. Emuva nasemahlombe ngezithombe ezinhle kakhulu ezimhlophe. Zonke izimpaphe zekhava yamaphiko zimpunga kakhulu ngamathiphu amhlophe. Kukhona umugqa omnyama emsileni. Ubuso nomzimba ongezansi kumhlophe ngomthunzi wesinamoni namabala abomvu esifubeni, abonakala kahle ngesikhathi sendiza. Izimpaphe zezinyoni ezisencane zehlukile kumbala wezimpaphe zabantu abadala kuya kowokuqala we-molt, owenzeka phakathi kwezinyanga ezine kuya kwezingu-6 ubudala.
Iris imnyama ngokukhanyayo nge-tinge ephuzi.
Izindawo zokuhlala zekhayithi elibhemayo elinomsila omhlophe
Ama-kites anomsila omhlophe obhemayo atholakala ezifundeni ezizungezwe imigqa yezihlahla ezisebenza njengezivikelo zomoya. Ziyavela futhi emadlelweni, emaxhaphozini, emaphethelweni ezihlahla ezikhulayo. Bahlala ezindaweni ezingama-savanna ezinokuma okuncane okuyihlathi, phakathi kwezihlahla eziminyene ezinemigqa yezihlahla emifuleni.
Lezi zinhlobo zezinyoni ezidla inyama zingabonakala ngokugqamile emadlelweni, ezindaweni ezinamahlathi ezingekude kakhulu namahlathi, ukucwenga kanye nezindawo eziluhlaza zamadolobha namadolobha, ngisho nasemadolobheni amakhulu njengeRio de Janeiro. Ikhayithi elibhemayo elinomsila omhlophe lisuka olwandle liye kumamitha ayi-1500 ukuphakama, kepha lithanda amamitha ayi-1000. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinyoni endaweni zihlala kuze kufike ku-2000 m, kepha abanye abantu babonwa kumamitha angama-4200 ePeru.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwekhayithi elinomsila omhlophe obhemayo
Ikhayithi elibhemayo elinomsila omhlophe lidabuka ezwenikazi laseMelika. Zijwayelekile entshonalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States, ngasogwini lwaseCalifornia kuya e-Oregon nasogwini lweGulf kuya eLouisiana, eTexas naseMississippi. Indawo yokuhlala iyaqhubeka eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu Melika.
EMelika Ephakathi, ama-kites anomsila omhlophe ahlala kakhulu eMexico nakwamanye amazwe, kufaka phakathi iPanama. Ezwenikazi laseNingizimu Melika, indawo yokuhlala ihlanganisa la mazwe alandelayo: iColombia, iVenezuela, iGuiana, iBrazil, iParaguay, i-Uruguay, iChile, inyakatho ye-Argentina kuya eningizimu yePatagonia. Emazweni ase-Andes (e-Ecuador, ePeru, entshonalanga yeBolivia nasenyakatho yeChile) akuveli. Ama-subspecies amabili amukelwa ngokusemthethweni:
- E. l. ILeucurus ihlala ezwenikazi laseNingizimu Melika ngasenyakatho, okungenani kuze kufike ePanama.
- E. majusculus asakazeka e-USA naseMexico, futhi aqhubekele eningizimu eCosta Rica.
Izici zokuziphatha kwekhayithi elibhemayo elinomsila omhlophe
Ama-kites anomsila omhlophe ahlala ngokubodwa noma ngababili, kepha amaqembu amakhulu angabuthana ngaphandle kwenkathi yokwakha izidleke noma ezindaweni lapho kudla khona kakhulu. Zakha amaqoqo aqukethe amashumi amaningana noma amakhulu abantu. Kwenzeka ukuthi lezi zinyoni ezidla inyoni zande esidlekeni esincane esinezimbhangqwana ezimbalwa, kanti izidleke zitholakala ebangeni elingamamitha angamakhulu ambalwa ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, ama-kites anemisila emhlophe enza izindiza eziyindilinga zodwa noma ngababili, adlulisele ukudla kozakwabo emoyeni. Ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sokuzala, abesilisa basebenzisa isikhathi sabo esiningi esihlahleni.
Lezi zinyoni ezidla inyama zihlala phansi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ziyahamba zifuna inqwaba yamagundane.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwekhayithi elibhemayo elinomsila omhlophe
Izidleke zamaKites anemisila emhlophe enamafu kusuka ngoMashi kuya ku-Agasti e-United States. Isikhathi sokuzalisa siqala ngoJanuwari eCalifornia, futhi siqala ngoNovemba eNuevo Leon enyakatho neMexico. Zizala kusukela ngoDisemba kuya kuJuni ePanama, ngoFebhuwari kuya kuJulayi enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNingizimu Melika, ngo-Okthoba kuya kuJulayi eSuriname, ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya kuDisemba eningizimu yeBrazil, ngoSepthemba kuya kuMashi e-Argentina, nangoSepthemba eChile.
Izinyoni ezidla inyama zakha izidleke ezincane ngendlela yesitsha esikhulu samahlumela esilinganisa u-30 kuye ku-50 cm ububanzi kanye no-10 kuye ku-20 cm ukujula.
Ngaphakathi kukhona ulwelwesi lotshani nezinye izinto zokutshala. Isidleke sisohlangothini oluvulekile lwesihlahla. Ngezikhathi ezithile, ama-kites anomsila omhlophe ahlala ezidlekeni ezindala ezishiywe ezinye izinyoni, azibuyisele ngokuphelele noma azilungise kuphela. Clutch iqukethe amaqanda 3 - 5. Insikazi ifukamela izinsuku ezingama-30 - 32. Amachwane ashiya isidleke ngemuva kwama-35, kwesinye isikhathi izinsuku ezingama-40. Ama-kites anomsila omhlophe angabhema angaba namachwane amabili ngesizini ngayinye.
Ukudla ikhayithi elinomsila omhlophe onamafu
Ama-kites anomsila omhlophe adla kakhulu amagundane, futhi ngenkathi izingela amanye amagundane: ixhaphozi namagundane kakotini. Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, baphinde badle ama-opossum amancane, ama-shrews nama-voles. Bazingela izinyoni ezincane, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izilwane eziphila emanzini nasemanzini, izinambuzane ezinkulu. Izidlakudla ezinezimpaphe ziyeqa inyamazane yazo endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-10 nengama-30 ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Zindiza kancane ngaphezu kwendawo yazo ekuqaleni, bese zisheshisa indiza yazo ngaphambi kokuwela phansi ngemilenze zilenga. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-kites anemisila emhlophe awela kuzisulu zawo kusuka phezulu, kepha le ndlela yokuzingela ayisetshenziswa kaningi. Iningi lezisulu libanjwa phansi, ezinye izinyoni ezincane kuphela ezibanjwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye ngesikhathi sezindiza. Ama-kites anomsila omhlophe azingela ikakhulukazi ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Isimo Sokulondolozwa Kwekhithi Elibhemayo Elimsila Omhlophe
I-White-tailed Clouded Kite bese ihlala endaweni ebonakalayo yokusabalalisa engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-9,400,000. Kule ndawo enkulu, kukhona ukwanda okuncane kwamanani. Lolu hlobo lwenyoni edla inyama luye lwanyamalala cishe eNyakatho Melika, kodwa indawo ezilahlekile yalolu hlobo iye yanabela kolunye uhlangothi. EMelika Ephakathi, inani lezinyoni lenyukile. ENingizimu Melika, ikhayithi elibhemayo elinomsila omhlophe lihlanganisa izindawo ezintsha namahlathi. Inani eliphelele liyizinyoni eziyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu ambalwa. Usongo olukhulu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye imithi yokubulala izinambuzane esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izitshalo.
