I-rock buzzard (Buteo rufofuscus) ingeyomndeni we-hawk, i-oda le-Falconiformes.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-rock buzzard
I-rock buzzard icishe ibe ngu-55 cm ngosayizi futhi inamaphiko angu-127-143 cm.
Isisindo - 790 - 1370 amagremu. Umzimba ujiyile, uqinile, umbozwe izimpaphe ezibomvu okumnyama. Ikhanda lincane futhi lizacile kunamanye amalungu amaningi ohlobo lweButeo. I-rock buzzard inezimpiko ezinde ngokwedlulele eziphumela ngale komsila omfushane kakhulu lapho inyoni ihleli. Abesilisa nabesifazane banombala ofanayo wezimpaphe, abesifazane bangaba ngu-10% abakhulu futhi bacishe babe ngu-40% osindayo.
I-rock buzzard ine-slate - izimpaphe ezimnyama, kufaka phakathi ekhanda nasemphinjeni. Okuhlukile yisigaxa nomsila wombala obomvu ogqamile. Zonke izimpaphe zangemuva zinokugqama okumhlophe okuguquguqukayo. Ingxenye engezansi yomphimbo imnyama. Umugqa obomvu obanzi uwela esifubeni. Isisu simnyama ngemivimbo emhlophe. Kukhona izimpaphe ezibomvu endunu.
I-rock buzzard ibonisa i-polymorphism ngombala wezimpaphe. Abanye abantu banemingcele emhlophe ebanzi ngemuva. Ezinye izinyoni ezingezansi zinsundu ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwesethembiso, esikhanyayo ngombala. Kukhona ama-buzzard amatshe anezimpaphe ezigqanyiswe ngezansi ngamathoni ansundu, amnyama nomhlophe. Amanye ama-buzzard anamabele acishe abe mhlophe ngokuphelele. Umsila umnyama. Izimpiko ezingezansi zibomvu ngokuphelele nge-suede noma zimhlophe ngokugqoka.
Umbala wezimpaphe zezinyoni ezisencane uhluke kakhulu kumbala wezimpaphe zezimpungushe ezindala.
Zinomsila obomvu, uhlukaniswe ngemivimbo enamabala amancane amnyama, kwesinye isikhathi ahlala noma eseneminyaka emithathu ubudala. Umbala wokugcina wezimpaphe ezinyonini ezincane usungulwa eminyakeni emithathu. I-rock buzzard ine-iris ebomvu ngokubomvu. I-wax nezidladla ziphuzi.
Indawo yokuhlala ye-Rock Buzzard
I-rock buzzard ihlala ezindaweni ezinamagquma noma zezintaba e-steppe eyomile, emadlelweni, ezindaweni zezolimo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho kunamadwala okwakha izidleke. Uncamela amasayithi kude nezindawo zokuhlala kanye namadlelo. Indawo ehlala kuyo ihlanganisa zombili izingqimba zamatshe ezinamadwala nezindunduma zamatshe eziphakeme.
Lezi zinyoni zizingela ikakhulukazi ezimfundeni eziphakeme, kodwa futhi nasezihlahleni zama-subdésertiques ezisemngceleni wogu lwaseNamibia. I-rock buzzard isuka ezingeni lolwandle iye kumamitha angama-3500. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-1000.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Rock Buzzard
I-rock buzzard iyinhlobo ekhona eNingizimu Afrika. Indawo yayo ihlala cishe kuyo yonke indawo yeNingizimu Afrika, ngaphandle kwaseLimpopo kanye nengxenye yeMpuma Leng. Ihlala futhi eningizimu ekude, eBotswana nasentshonalanga yeNamibia. Kungenzeka ukuthi izula ize ifike eZimbabwe naseMozambique. Kubonakala eCentral and Southern Namibia, Lesotho, Swziland, eningizimu yeNingizimu Afrika (eMpumalanga Kapa). Lolu hlobo lwezinyoni ezidla inyama alwakhi ama-subspecies.
Izici ezihlukile zokuziphatha kwe-rock buzzard
Ama-Rock Buzzards ahlala yedwa noma ngababili. Ngenkathi yokukhwelana, azenzi izigaxa eziyindilinga zasemoyeni. Owesilisa umane akhombise ukundiza kokuntywila okuningana ngemilenze elengayo. Aqonde kowesifazane ekhala kakhulu. Ukundiza kwe-rock buzzard kuhlukaniswa yizigaxa eziphakanyisiwe zamaphiko, inyoni egeleza ngayo ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi.
Iningi lamabhangqa liyindawo, lihlala impilo yokuzihlalela futhi alisuki endaweni yokwakha izidleke unyaka wonke.
Ezinye izinyoni zizulazula emabangeni amade angaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-300. Wonke ama-buzzard amadwala amancane ahamba ngokuqhathaniswa nezinyoni ezindala. Ezinye zindiza zibheke ngasenyakatho zingene eZimbabwe, lapho kwesinye isikhathi zihlala khona nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni ezidla inyama.
I-Breeding Rock Buzzard
Isidleke seRock Buzzards kusuka ngasekupheleni kobusika kuya ekuqaleni kwehlobo kulo lonke uhla, futhi iningi lizala ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti noSepthemba. Izinyoni ezidla inyama zakha isidleke esikhulu ngamahlumela, esivame ukutholakala edwaleni eliwumqansa, hhayi kangako esihlahleni noma esihlahleni. Ububanzi bayo bungamasentimitha angama-60 - 70 kanti ukujula kungama-35. Amaqabunga aluhlaza asebenza njengolwelwesi. Izidleke zisetshenziswe kabusha iminyaka eminingana.
Kukhona amaqanda ama-2 ku-clutch. Kwesinye isikhathi amaphuphu womabili ayasinda, kepha kaningi kusale elilodwa. Insikazi neyeduna zifukamela i-clutch ngokulandelana cishe amasonto ayisithupha, kepha insikazi ihlala isikhathi eside. Ama-buzzards amadwala amancane aqina cishe emavikini angu-7-8. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-70, uyashiya isidleke, kodwa uhlala eseduze nezinyoni ezindala isikhashana.
Ukudla kwe-Rock Buzzard
Ama-rock buzzards adla izinambuzane (umuhlwa nesikhonyane), izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezincane, izilwane ezincelisayo kanye nezinyoni eziphakathi nendawo ezifana nama-gangas ne-turachi. Isisulu esivame kakhulu amagundane namagundane. I-Carrion, kufaka phakathi izilwane ezafa emigwaqeni, ama-mongooses, ama-hares nezimvu ezifile nazo ziyingxenye enkulu yokudla kwakhe. Badla izinsalela zezidumbu zezinhlwathi, njengezinsephe kanye nama-benteboks, asala ngemuva komkhosi wabakhongi abakhulu.
Ama-Rock Buzzards azingela njalo kusuka kuphiko, efuna inyamazane endizeni.
Bese behlela ngokucijile phansi ukuze babambe inyamazane. Izinyoni ezidla inyama ngezikhathi ezithile zihlala ocingweni, ezigxotsheni, ezitholakala eduze kwemigwaqo, zifuna ukudla okufanele. Bacosha amatshwele awile esidlekeni. Kodwa lezi zilwane ezidla ezinye azihambi njalo emoyeni, zivame ukukhetha ukubamba inyamazane yazo inyakaza.
Isimo Sokulondolozwa Kwe-Rock Buzzard
Ukuminyana kwabantu eningizimu-mpumalanga yeNingizimu Afrika (iTransvaal) kulinganiselwa ku-1 noma 2 ngazimbili ngamakhilomitha-skwele angama-30. I-rock buzzard ilinganiselwa ukuthi ibalelwa ngazimbili ezizungeze ama-50 000 ngamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-1,600,000. Kodwa-ke, i-rock buzzard ayivamile ezindaweni eziphansi nasezindaweni zezitshalo.
Isibalo sezinyoni asiseduze nomkhawulo wezinhlobo ezisengozini, ububanzi baso bokusabalalisa bukhulu impela. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, i-rock buzzard ilinganiselwa njengezinhlobo zokukhathazeka eziphansi ezinokusongela okuncane ezinombolweni zayo.
